遥感卫星结构在轨热应变光纤光栅监测方法

遥感卫星结构在轨服役期间易受空间极端温度变化与微重力环境影响容易产生热应变,严重影响探测精度,而现有方法难以实现热应变在轨监测。针对这一问题,提出具有温度解耦功能的热应变光纤光栅监测方法。采用数值模拟方法开展结构热应变计算分析,得到结构整体和局部热加载下温度场和应变场分布特征及变化规律。设计构建热应变光纤监测试验系统,对卫星天线结构模拟试件进行热加载光纤测量试验,测试分析热应变光纤监测精度,验证了方法的有效性。研究结果表明,在?120~120 ℃温度变化范围,利用光纤布拉格光栅传感器和温度解耦方法监测温度和热应变的相对误差分别为1.02%和2.45%;在30~100 ℃局部热加载作用下,结构温度场和应变场的重构误差分别为3.24%和6.61%。该方法在卫星结构在轨监测领域中具有良好的应用价值与前景。     

脉冲激光能量的准确测量

本文介绍一种补偿锥腔量热计，进行了脉冲激光能量的准确测量，并对电脉冲和激光脉冲情况下的动态非等效性进行了研究。量热计辐射（能量）灵敏度的总的不确定度为0.2％。使用光学快门和稳定的连续氩离子激光时，比对量热计和绝对辐射（功率）计，两种标度符合0．05％以内。     

TSV 的电磁-热-结构耦合分析研究

基于三场的控制方程建立了电磁场、热场及结构场耦合分析的数学模型,推导出其等效积分“弱”解形式,研究了 TSV（Through Silicon Via,硅通孔技术）电磁-热-结构的多物理场耦合效应,分析了高斯脉冲加载条件下TSV 的温度和等效应力分布情况。仿真结果表明,在考虑三场耦合的情况下得到的结果更为准确,这将有助于 TSV的设计及对其性能进行相应的预测。     

固相反应和离子注入制备硅化镍薄膜

采用固相反应和镍离子注入硅方法分别制备了硅化镍薄膜，利用卢瑟福背散射谱（RBS) , X射线衍射（XRD）和喇曼光谱对它们的成分和结构进行了表征. 结果表明固相反应方法中，硅化镍薄膜的相结构取决于不同的热退火条件，纯相的NiSi2薄膜需要在高温（1123K）下两步热退火才能获得. 而利用离子注入方法，则可以在较低温度（523K）下直接得到单相的NiSi2薄膜. 在30～400K范围内测量了它们的电阻率和霍尔迁移率随温度的变化关系，结果表明固相反应制备的NiSi和NiSi2薄膜都表现出典型的金属性电导行为，而离子注入制备的NiSi2薄膜则表现出完全不同的电学性质.     

GaAsMMIC的热生成机制的建模与仿真方法

以GaAs基异质结双极性晶体管（HBT）单片微波集成电路（MMIC）为例,研究了器件内部的热生成机制．包括：确定器件内部的热生成机制及热生成区的位置,讨论器件内部热传导和热耗散的形式,建立器件的详细3D实体模型。利用有限元软件ANSYSWorkBench,对已确定的热生成区进行热功耗加载,以便更加精确地模拟器件的峰值结温。     

形杆夹持翼片加载螺旋线的色散特性

Ｖ形杆夹持、翼片加载的螺旋线慢波结构很适合于宽频带行波管应用。本文对不同的翼片加载结构的色散特性进行了计算，计算数据与实验测量结果一致性较好。最后讨论了Ｖ形杆与圆形杆夹持时的介质负载和色散特性。     

V形杆夹持翼片加载螺旋线的色散特性

Ｖ形杆夹持、翼片加载的螺旋线但波结构很适合于宽频带行波管应用。本文对不同的翼片加载结构的色散特性进行了计算，计算数据与实验测量结果一致性较好。最后讨论了Ｖ形杆与圆形杆夹待时的介质负载和色散特性。     

用傅里叶红外光谱仪和K－K关系测量辐射材料的热发射率

介绍用傅里叶红外光谱仪（ＦＩ－ＩＲ）测量辐射体常温热发射率的新方法（简称Ｆ－Ｋ法）。利用ＦＩ－ＩＲ计算机系统通过Ｋ－Ｋ（Ｋｒａｍｅｒｓ－Ｋｒｏｎｉｇ）关系和麦克马洪公式对反射率谱Ｒ（λ，ｔ）进行变换，得到辐射材料的热发射率谱ε（λ，ｔ）。实验证明Ｆ－Ｋ法在很多方面优于黑体比较法。     

几种典型翼片加载螺旋线行波管色散及返波特性研究

利用德国CST公司商业电磷仿真软件微波工作室（Microwave Studio）对几种典型翼片加载螺旋线行波管的冷色散进行了计算，对基波和返波色散曲线进行了数值拟合，给出了相应的返波振荡频率及其该频率下的基波和返波的耦合阻抗。本文还分析了两种常见翼片加载结构翼片与螺旋线间距变化对基波色散、返波振荡频率及相应耦合阻抗的影响。     

螺旋线行波管慢波结构热特性计算专用软件开发

针对行波管慢波结构热分析的必要性,介绍了螺旋线慢波结构的热产生机理,结合ANSYS软件设计了可对不同翼片加载和不同形状夹持杆的螺旋线慢波结构进行热特性分析的专用仿真环境。利用该仿真环境,用户可以在不掌握ANSYS软件的情况下对螺旋线行波管慢波结构的热特性进行模拟计算。     

Experimental Characterization of Thermoelectric Modules and Comparison with Theoretical Models for Power Generation

The interest in thermoelectrics for power generation applications has dramatically increased over the past decade as a result of recent advancements in thermoelectric materials. Although measuring thermoelectric properties of materials has received significant attention, measuring thermoelectric module (TEM) power generation performance has received less attention. Characterizing TEMs is vital for validating module-level models used in optimizing TEM designs. Measurements of module performance can also be used for the optimal incorporation of TEMs into power generation systems. A TEM test apparatus has been developed and characterized to test current and future modules under a wide range of temperature and loading conditions. In addition to temperatures and electrical performance metrics, heat rates, and mechanical loading conditions are monitored. The developed technique extracts module parameters, which can be used for system-level design, to measure performance of advanced TEMs, and to validate theoretical models for module design optimization. Experimental results are compared with standard analytical TEM models and a newly developed model.     

A novel four-point bend test for strength measurement of opticalfibers and thin beams. I. Bending analysis

A novel four-point bend apparatus is described for strength measurement of thin compliant beams that avoids the loading and gripping problems associated with other techniques. The apparatus has proved particularly useful for strength measurement of relatively weak optical fibers. In this four-point bend system, loading pin displacement rather than applied load is the measured quantity from which failure stress is calculated, avoiding the load based instability at high deflection. A single-ended support design for the loading pins permits the specimens to be conveniently immersed in the test environment and enables several specimens to be tested simultaneously. Nonlinearities in the deflection/stress relationship are analyzed and a correction factor to the linear bending theory is presented. Friction between the specimen and support pins is found to increase local stresses at the pins. In the second part of this work, a statistical analysis is presented that determines the effective tested length in bending and the tension to bending strength ratio. The predictions of the analysis are confirmed by strength measurements on a weak silica fiber     

微小型热管的研究现状与进展

通过就微小型热管的研究现状以及最新进展从单根微型热管、微型热管阵列以及微槽平板热管三个方面进行了系统地回顾。归纳了微小型热管的传热极限;总结了微小型热管研究一致公认的结论以及微小型热管研究所面临的困难和挑战。证明了微小型热管在微电子器件冷却等微小空间散热方面有着广阔的应用前景。     

力学加载实验的微小压力测量控制的装置研究

在一些生物实验中，需要对培养细胞的琼脂施加一个恒定的微小压力，以保持细胞的活性。为此，研制了一种用于植物细胞力学加载实验的微小压力测量控制的装置，该文系统地介绍了该测量的结构及控制系统的设计。实验结果表明，该装置达到预期效果，值得推广应用。     

Development of a high performance heat Sink Based on screen-fin technology

In this paper, a novel high-performance heat sink based on screen-fin technology is described. The structural features of the heat sink are presented. The apparatus to measure both the pressure drop and heat transfer performance are described. Correlation equations of friction factor and Colburn-j factor as a function of screen-fin orientation, coolant properties and flow rate through the mesh are formulated. A semi-empirical model is used to predict the heat exchanger pressure drop, thermal performance and to design prototype heat sinks. Prototypes are built and tested. By screen-fin technology, the best performance of this kind of heat sink with external dimensions: 76.2-mm-wide, 63.5-mm-deep with 38.1-mm-high screen-laminate fins is 4.3W//spl deg/C at 62.3-Pa pressure drop of air flow through the heat sink.     

一种微通道换热器的设计与分析(英文)

设计了一种用来测试微通道换热性能的实验装置。该系统由微通道换热器、模拟热源、微型水泵、连通管、测试三通及其它测试元件构成。通过检测温度、压力和流量等参数能够得到微通道的传热和摩阻参数。针对该实验装置,对微通道中流体的压降和传热分别进行分析和研究。实验表明,当微通道水力直径为381μm时,宏观理论公式已不适用于微通道摩阻及其换热的计算。此时,微通道的摩阻比宏观理论计算值小31.6%～41.9%;微通道结构具有良好的换热性能,其Nu可达9.2。     

Evolution of cooling technology for electrical, electronic, and microelectronic equipment

Selected aspects of cooling technology for electrical apparatus and electronic devices are considered for the past 80 years. The emphasis is on the past 50 years. The technology has evolved to meet the challenges of microminiaturization, and heat transfer considerations are now an integral part of the design procedure for microelectronic systems.     

微波间断加载对柱状煤瓦斯解吸特性的影响

为揭示微波实时加载作用对柱状煤瓦斯解吸特性的影响,采用自主研制的微波实时加载作用下煤体瓦斯解吸渗流实验装置,开展了无微波作用及微波间断加载作用下柱状煤瓦斯解吸对比实验。结果表明,微波间断加载对柱状煤瓦斯解吸具有明显的促进作用,微波加载时间越长,微波输出能越多,累计解吸量越大,解吸速率也相应越高。微波加载对瓦斯解吸的瞬时提速作用效果显著,经微波加载120 s,瓦斯解吸速率最大提高到加载微波前的5.1倍。动力学分析表明,动扩散系数模型可以较好地描述微波间断加载作用下柱状煤中瓦斯解吸的动力学规律,微波间断加载能够提高瓦斯扩散能力,降低扩散系数的衰减。     

脉冲加热材料热物性多光谱动态测量装置的研制

提出一种将多光谱测温法和积分球反射法相结合的脉冲加热技术测量材料热物性的新方法。基于积分球反射法,利用多光谱测温法获得材料在多个光谱下的辐射信息，可同时获得试样在多个光谱下的法向光谱发射率。介绍了利用该方法的脉冲加热瞬态热物性测量装置的各组成部分及其工作原理，该装置能 同时测量带状试样的比热、电阻率、全波长半球发射率及多个光谱下的法向光谱发射率。     

Analysis for New Types of Waveguide with Fourier’s Expansion-Differential Method

Two new types of rectangular waveguide loaded with latten are analyzed by using Fourier’s expansion-differential method effectively in this paper. The correctness of the new method is verified and the mode distributions of the new types of rectangular waveguide are obtained. It is shown that their bandwidth and transmission characteristics for single mode are improved, and some modes may be restrained by loading latten in the rectangular waveguide. It is useful for designing and applying in the parts of microwave apparatus.