加速器束团长度频谱法测量系统设计

主要介绍一种基于束流频谱的柬团长度测量系统的设计,它通过拾取条带上的束流频谱,分析得到束团频谱中的两个频率成分的幅度比,从而求出束团长度.整个系统结构类似数字位置探测器(DBPM),采用软件无线电的技术,利用高速高精度ADC直接中频带通采样,以省掉一部分模拟器件,减少模拟部分带来的误差.这种柬团长度测量系统最大的好处就是可以在线实时的测量束团长度,为加速器研究提供重要的参考.     

电子直线加速器束团长度监测器研究

对电子直线加速器束团长度监测器进行了综述.介绍了各种束团长度的测量原理和优缺点.并结合试验结果,指出了其中一些监测器在实际设计使用过程应当注意的问题.其中的许多监测器测量时无需截断束流,能够实时测量,测量精度高.     

兰州高能电子成像实验平台电子束团长度测量研究

为提高高能电子成像的时间和空间分辨率,实验需低能散、低发射度、短脉冲的高品质束流。本文利用相干渡越辐射能谱分析法测量基于热阴极微波电子枪的高能电子成像用直线加速器的电子束团长度。通过用迈克尔逊干涉仪测量太赫兹辐射能谱,利用自相关曲线拟合法得到电子束团长度。实验结果表明,当束流宏脉冲峰值强度约为24 mA,即电荷量约为15 pC时,电子束团均方根长度约为0723 5 ps。另外,用Kramers Kronig(K K)相位分析法可重建一种可能的电子束团纵向分布。电子束团长度测量的研究可优化束流品质,对后续高能电子成像实验有重要的参考意义。     

电子直线加速器束截面测量系统及其应用

用于北京自由电子激光30MeV电子直线加速器的注入及输出束的截面监测系统,由可伸缩荧光屏束截面探头、摄象取样装置及图象采集卡和计算机处理系统构成。用此系统测量加速器注入(≤1.2MeV)和输出(≥20MeV)电子束的截面宽度、密度分布、发射度等参量。其硬件的空间分辨率好于110μm,束宽测量精度好于50μm。经加速器在线使用2年以上考验,性能可靠,得到了满意结果。     

基于射频偏转腔的束团长度测量系统

本文建立了基于偏转腔的电子束团长度测量系统的模型,揭示了束流和偏转腔参数对测量结果的影响机制,给出了一种束团长度的计算方法。用三维仿真软件CST对腔体建模,得到了最优的单腔腔体尺寸、最优的耦合器尺寸和工作模式场分布,对应的偏转腔系统时间分辨率为182 fs,满足设计要求。用粒子跟踪软件Parmela进行束流动力学模拟,阐明了下游荧光屏上出现束团横向偏移的原因,并验证了理论结果的正确性。     

中国散裂中子源快循环同步加速器束团长度研究

束团长度是中国散裂中子源(CSNS)快循环同步加速器(RCS)束流动力学的关键参数,通过对束团长度的研究,可了解RCS的机器性能并进一步指导机器优化研究。本文对RCS 100 kW时的束团长度进行精确测量,100 kW引出时的束团长度为105 ns。RCS 500 kW时束团长度可能超过无损引出允许值,需压缩束团长度。理论上提高腔压可压缩束团长度,本文模拟研究500 kW时束团长度随腔压曲线的变化规律,模拟结果表明提高加速后半阶段的腔压可压缩束团长度,给出了500 kW时无束流损失引出的腔压曲线。基于100 kW束流条件实验验证了通过提高加速后半阶段腔压来压缩束团长度的有效性和可行性,实验测量结果与模拟结果一致。因此,提高加速后半阶段腔压是500 kW时无损引出束流的有效方法。     

中国散裂中子源快循环同步加速器束团长度研究

束团长度是中国散裂中子源（CSNS）快循环同步加速器（RCS）束流动力学的关键参数,通过对束团长度的研究,可了解RCS的机器性能并进一步指导机器优化研究。本文对RCS 100 kW时的束团长度进行精确测量,100 kW引出时的束团长度为105 ns。RCS 500 kW时束团长度可能超过无损引出允许值,需压缩束团长度。理论上提高腔压可压缩束团长度,本文模拟研究500 kW时束团长度随腔压曲线的变化规律,模拟结果表明提高加速后半阶段的腔压可压缩束团长度,给出了500 kW时无束流损失引出的腔压曲线。基于100 kW束流条件实验验证了通过提高加速后半阶段腔压来压缩束团长度的有效性和可行性,实验测量结果与模拟结果一致。因此,提高加速后半阶段腔压是500 kW时无损引出束流的有效方法。     

用20GHz数字取样示波器测量束团长度

介绍了采用２０ＧＨｚ数字取样示波器在合肥８００ＭｅＶ电子储存环中测量束团长度的方法和原理。给出了束团长度及其伸长效应的测量结果。在流强为２－１２４ｍＡ情况下，实测束团长度为３．８０－１０．３３ｃｍ；流强大于１５ｍＡ，束团伸长效应明显。     

回旋加速器引出系统的传输矩阵和引出束发射度

推导了静电引出通道的等效简阶振荡方程(轴向),给出了引出系统的一阶传输矩阵:分析了引出束初始发射度椭圆矩阵的确定方法;给出了束发射度计算结果,并与国外同类型加速器的实测作了比较。     

BEPCII直线加速器发射度丝靶测量及软件开发

丝靶探测器是一种可以精确测量束流截面尺寸的装置。近年来,BEPCII在注入器末端安装了一组丝靶探测器,用来测量直线加速器出口的束流发射度,改进优化了束流截面和发射度测量计算的方法,提高了数据处理速度。同时,根据BEPCII丝靶测量流程,开发了发射度测量计算软件,实现了束流尺寸和发射度的实时在线测量,进一步提高了发射度的测量速度,为BEPCII的注入优化提供了参考。     

X-band deflecting cavity design for ultra-short bunch length measurement of SXFEL at SINAP

For developing the X-ray Free Electron Lasers test facility(SXFEL) at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics,Chinese Academy of Sciences(SINAP), ultra-short bunch is the crucial requirement for excellent lasing performance. It is a big challenge for deflecting cavity to measure the length of ultra-short bunch, and higher deflecting gradient is required for higher measurement resolution. X-band travelling wave deflecting structure has features of higher deflecting voltage and compact structure, which has good performance at ultra-short bunch length measurement. In this paper, a new X-band deflecting structure is designed to operate in HEM11-2π/3 mode.For suppressing the polarization of deflecting plane of the HEM11 mode, two symmetrical caves are added on the cavity wall to separate two polarized modes.     

Injection transient study using a two-frequency bunch length measurement system at the SSRF

The bunch length can be measured by comparison of two frequency components of a synchrotron beam signal.An online bunch length measurement system has been implemented based on this method.Working frequencies of 3 GHz and 500 MHz were selected,and the raw data was acquired by digital oscilloscope and was resampled and analyzed using the MATLAB software platform at bunch-by-bunch rate.The constructed system was employed to study the bunch length synchronous oscillation phenomenon during injection.The beam experiments demonstrated a time resolution of less than 0.5 ps.     

Improvement on a Michelson interferometer for bunch length measurement of a femtosecond accelerator

Based on the femtosecond accelerator facility at Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics (SINAP),a conventional far-infrared Michelson interferometer was built to measure the bunch length by means of optical autocorrelation.However,according to the preliminary experiment result,the resolution of interferometer is not good enough,because the mirror-driving mechanism makes the moving mirror tend to tilt or wobble as it retards.Considering of the allowable errors,we calculate the maximum allowable titling angle of the moving mirror,and discuss the alignment plan in this paper.     

SDUV-FEL装置上利用电光频谱解码法测量束团长度实验设计与仿真

电子束团纵向长度是束流诊断中的重要参数,电光频谱解码法(Electro-Optical Spectral Decoding,EOSD)是为数不多的可进行单发测量的高时间分辨率测量方法。本文基于上海深紫外自由电子激光装置(Shanghai Deep Ultraviolet Free Electron Laser,SDUV-FEL)设计了一套电光频谱解码法测量束团长度实验方案。通过采用针尖粗同步和可调的光栅展宽器可实现长度在1-10 ps内变化的束团无损测量。通过对电光调制过程及其后探测的仿真研究表明,选用0.5 mm厚的Zn Te晶体在距离束流中心3-5 mm处测量时,时间分辨率最高可达180 fs(Root Mean Square,RMS),信号展宽在3%以内,测量的电场形状无可观测畸变,满足SDUV-FEL的实验需求。     

Resonant diffraction radiation from inclined gratings and bunch length measurements

A simple scheme for the measurement of sub-mm bunch lengths using coherent resonant diffraction radiation (CRDR) from a tilted grating is proposed. The CRDR spectral-angular characteristics have been calculated using an adapted Kirchhoff model, taking into account the pre-wave zone effect. It is shown that the latter leads to a distortion of the CRDR monochromaticity. Choosing the appropriate distance between grating and detector such that the pre-wave zone effect becomes negligible, it is possible to measure the CRDR yield in the sub-THz range by a broadband detector. While changing the grating inclination angle with respect to the beam axis, the CRDR line is shifted and it is possible to obtain information about the bunch length, measuring the signal ratio from two detectors located at fixed observation angles instead of complicated spectral measurements which rely on absolute values of the intensity.     

基于相干渡越辐射的束团长度测量研究

电子束团长度是束流诊断中的重要参数,基于相干渡越辐射(Coherent Transition Radiation,CTR)的测量方法是一种简单易行的高时间分辨率测量方法。本文调研并分析了不同电子束团长度测量方法的优缺点,选择基于CTR方法作为主要研究方向,主要针对上海深紫外自由电子激光实验装置(Shanghai Deep Ultra-Violet Free Electron Laser,SDUV-FEL)和X射线自由电子激光试验装置(Shanghai X-ray Free Electron Laser,SXFEL)进行了实验方案设计和模拟分析。结果表明,通过合理的参数选择和方案优化,用该方法可对飞秒至皮秒范围内的束团长度进行测量,时间分辨率能到达飞秒量级,满足SDUV-FEL的实验需求和SXFEL的工程需求。     

束流位置探头用于束团电荷量测量的数值仿真研究

加速器常用的束流位置探头为电磁耦合型,其输出信号包括束流位置信息和束团电荷量信息.本文采用数值仿真方法研究探头电极和信号与束流位置之间的关系,基于Matlab开发一个用于仿真计算探头电荷量标定系数的软件包.对上海光源储存环束流位置探头的仿真结果表明,探头流强标定系数在2.5 mm半径内差值小于千分之二,在此精度范围内可认为流强标定系数为常数.     

Baseline recovery method to measure bunch charge under low-current mode of SSRF

The top-up injection mode of Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF) needs precise measurement of the beam bunch charges.This is performed by an integration current transformer,but the beam current is too low to neglect the background noise.In order to wipe out the noise coming from the ground loops,the adaptable polynomial fitting method is used to extract the baseline,instead of using the constant background or the linear background model. Test results show that the system resolution can be improved to <3%.     

一种微波栅控直流电子枪初步物理设计

红外波段自由电子激光的小信号增益大小以及饱和功率对束流的能散非常敏感。为满足远红外自由电子激光对能散的要求,在合肥光源栅控直流高压电子枪的基础上,模拟了一种热阴极微波栅控直流高压电子枪。微波栅控直流高压电子枪采用微波栅控的方法,控制和压缩阴极引出电子束团的长度。再通过直流高压对电子加速后,在电子枪的出口可以得到量级为几十皮秒的束团。本文使用SUPERFISH、POISSON分别进行栅控微波场与高压电场优化计算,PARMELA(Phase And Radial Motion in Electron Linear Accelerators)进行束流跟踪与分析,得到一组能满足红外自由电子激光需求的电子枪参数。