共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 0 毫秒
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燃料组件是反应堆的核心部分,在高温、高压及强中子辐射场等复杂环境条件下,燃料棒中芯块会出现肿胀、变形甚至包壳破裂,严重威胁反应堆的安全运行。为了更好地了解燃料组件在反应堆内的变化,研究高燃耗的燃料组件中燃料棒的中心空洞形成和燃料棒的变形情况,高能X射线无损检测是一种有效的技术手段。由于辐照后核燃料组件自身具有强放射性,探测系统设计中必须考虑减弱燃料组件自身辐射对探测采集的影响,因此组件探测系统中探测器阵列及准直器的优化设计十分必要。经过建模及相关模拟计算,得到了探测器单元最佳尺寸,优化了后准直器的结构设计,为提高燃料组件无损检测系统重建图像的质量提供帮助。 相似文献
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Angular and radial distributions of the energy deposition of γ-ray radiation in scintillation optical fibres are simulated and analysed using the Geant4 system. The results show a linear relation between the energy deposition and the radius of the fibres. The deposition is roughly inversely proportional to sinθ with θ the incident angle relative to the fibre axis. The results could provide corrections to the measurements of the scintillation fibres used in monitoring the γ-ray radiation. 相似文献
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用于高能X射线成像的CdWO4闪烁探测器探测灵敏度的研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
高能X射线成像系统对小截面探测器的探测灵敏度提出了很高的要求,分析了由CdWO4晶体耦合光电二极管所组成的探测器单元探测灵敏度的决定因素,采用蒙-卡计算、经验估算等对其在高能加速器和^60Co源下的探测灵敏度进行了估算,并和测量值进行比较。二者吻合较好,证明了估算方法的正确性。 相似文献
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韩俊杰;朱金汉;张白霖;陈立新;刘小伟 《核技术》2015,38(10):100202-100202
研究了医用直线加速器的主要部件对X射线能谱的影响。利用蒙特卡罗软件包EGSnrc/BEAMnrc针对Varian600C医用直线加速器,模拟完整及分别去除初级准直器、均整器和次级准直器条件下的相空间文件,通过相空间文件分析程序Beamdp对相空间文件进行分析,分别得到相应条件下的X射线能谱。均整器对能谱的影响非常大,对比于无均整器的情况,有均整器时,平均能量上升了48.9%;但初级准直器、次级准直器对能谱的影响小,平均能量的变化小于1%。在射野内,对比于无均整器的情况,有均整器时,能量注量降低了52.4%,但其空间分布变均匀,非平坦度从15.09%变为1.82%;对比于无初级准直器的情况,有初级准直器时,能量注量上升了1.58%;而对比于无次级准直器的情况,有次级准直器时,能量注量下降了2.00%。均整器对X射线的能谱的影响起主要作用,它能够使X射线的平均能量上升和射野内能量注量的分布变均匀。初级准直器对X射线能谱影响小但对X射线的散射不可忽略,而次级准直器对X射线能谱的影响小而且对X射线的散射作用可以忽略,这些结果对加速器X射线束流模型的建立有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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利用蒙特卡罗工具Geant4模拟了~(137)Cs和~(60)Co这两种放射源的几何形状以及探测距离这两个因素对γ射线在NaI(Tl)闪烁体探测器内能量沉积的影响。研究结果表明,当放射源的几何形状不一样时,不同的核素在峰总比达到最大时的探测距离不一样,模拟结果为放射性测量提供了参考。 相似文献
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为准确测量轫致辐射X射线能谱,利用NaI晶体谱仪对于测量光子的能谱展宽效应,结合理论模拟分析,提出了采用变能量矩阵求解法实现X射线能谱的重建。该方法通过合理选择能量区间,可有效消除能谱响应矩阵中各矢量的相关性,从而实现能谱的准确重建。并分别以均匀能谱分布和实际轫致辐射X射线能谱为例,进行了X射线的能谱重建。获得结果与原始能谱的相关性约为0.98。 相似文献
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不规则四边形网格中X射线能量沉积算法研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
对X射线辐照圆柱壳体的平面应变热-力学效应进行数值模拟,需解决不规则四边形网格中的能量沉积计算问题。本文采用严格的积分方法对不规则四边形网格内的能量沉积进行了计算,得到了相对精确的能量沉积结果,同时还给出了3种简便算法,并将近似结果与精确解进行了对比。结果表明,中点积分法和平行四边形近似法既省时又具有高精度,能很好取代积分方法计算能量沉积,且中点积分法不受网格划分的限制,具有更好的普适性;余弦近似法虽更省时但误差较大,数值模拟中不宜采用。 相似文献
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TANG Shi-Biao YIN Ze-Jie HUANG Huan CHENG Yan CHENG Fu-Hui MAO Feng-Hua 《核技术(英文版)》2006,17(5):276-279
1 Introduction In recent years, Geant4, a toolkit designed ini- tially for simulating nuclear and high-energy physics experiments, has been widely used in several analysis including radiation analysis, space and cosmic ray analysis and, more recently, medical oncology analysis and evaluations [1]. The toolkit is based on the ob- ject-oriented technology. It provides transparency for implementation of various physics parameters. Geant4 includes a complete range of functionality including track… 相似文献
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《Journal of Nuclear Science and Technology》2013,50(9):826-832
A prototype high energy X-ray CT (computed tomography) system has been developed which employs a linear accelerator as the X-ray source (max. photon energy: 12MeV). One problem encountered in development of this CT system was to reduce the scattered photons from adjacent detectors, i.e. crosstalk, due to high energy X-rays. This crosstalk was reduced to 2% by means of detector shields using tungsten spacers. Spatial resolution was not affected by such small crosstalk as confirmed by numerical simulations. A second problem was to reduce the scattered photons from the test object. This was done using collimators. A third concern was to realize a wide dynamic range data processing which would allow applications to large and dense objects. This problem was solved by using a sample and hold data acquisition method to reduce the dark current of the photo detectors. The dynamic range of this system was experimentally confirmed over 60 dB. It was demonstrated that slits (width : 2 mm) in an iron object (diameter : 25 cm) could be imaged by this prototype CT system. 相似文献
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定期检测辐照后核燃料组件对保障反应堆安全运行和开展高燃耗下核燃料组件的性能研究具有重要意义。为了能在不拆卸、不破坏燃料组件的情况下更好地观察燃料组件及其内部燃料棒的缺陷及结构变化等信息,高能X射线计算机断层扫描(X射线CT)技术作为一种有效手段可用于辐照后核燃料组件的检测。日本多年来一直致力于该技术的研究工作,成为世界上唯一一个研制出用于辐照后燃料组件检测的高能、高分辨率X射线CT检测装置且应用于快中子反应堆现场检测的国家。为此,本文梳理日本近几十年来相关研究成果,介绍日本原子能研究开发机构(JAEA)研发的燃料组件高能X射线CT装置结构、工作原理、研究现状及部分应用实例,以期对我国核燃料组件无损检测技术的发展提供参考、借鉴。 相似文献
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5×1024×10高速核辐射能谱获取系统研制 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
在磁约束聚变实验装置的物理实验中,为了测量高温等离子体箱射的某特定能量区域的X射线或其他核箱射能谱的时、空分布,需要在托卡马克的板向和环向方向布置多台X射线探测器,每次放电可同时获得数十个能谱,为了不牺牲能谱中的重要信息(如线辐射).以及能量分辨的需要,要求每个能谱有1024道,每个谱采集的时间分为:40、80、160、240ms,可自由设定,每道容量16位,每次放电可同时获得50个能谱,可扩展到80个能谱。 相似文献
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TANG Shi-Biao MA Qing-Li YINZe-Jie TANG Yu HUANG Huan RAO Nan-Xia ZHU Da-Ming 《核技术(英文版)》2005,16(6):347-351
The distribution of energy deposition density in radiate region and its surrounding areas from y-rays was simulated and analyzed for a water-ball model with Geant4 package ( Geant4.7.0,2005 ) developed by CERN (the Center of European Research of Nucleus). The results show that the distribution depends strongly on the collimating condition of radiation beam. A well-collimated beam would reduce radiation effects on surrounding areas. 相似文献
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采用自沉积法从210Po溶液中制备了210Po平面源,用α谱仪测量该平面源,测量谱中只有一个5.304 MeV α能峰,能量分辨率为23.92 keV。用2πα、2πβ表面发射率标准装置测量该平面源的坪曲线,坪区为0.8~1.8 kV,坪长为1 000 V,测定的表面发射率为2.565×104 min-1(参考日期2019年1月3日),扩展不确定度为2.7%(k=2)。按JJG 1100-2014检定规程用MPC9604型流气式低本底α、β测量仪测定该源,探测效率不低于77%,重复性在1.5%以内,α对β道串道比在2.5%以内。该方法操作简便,制备的210Po平面标准源性能满足工作需求。 相似文献
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基于气体电子倍增器原理的高能X射线工业CT气体探测器 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
分析了高能X射线工业CT所常用的闪烁探测器的优缺点,及传统气体电离室探测器存在的不足。为克服这些缺点和不足,从X光子与物质相互作用理论出发,结合高能工业CT的结构特点,探讨了高能窄X射线束入射到薄金属片中X光子和光电子的输运过程,提出了以高密度的金属片作为X光子辐射转换体,以气体电子倍增器作为光电子倍增放大的新型高能工业CT探测器方案。并利用基于Linux平台的EGSnrc程序进行了Monte-Carlo仿真。从原理上说明了这种气体倍增探测器相对于传统气体电离室探测器,既有较高的探测效率,其体积也大为减小,替代高能工业CT传统的闪烁体探测器在理论上是可行的。 相似文献
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Copper thin films were deposited by plasma-enhanced atomic layer deposition at low temperature, using copper(I)-N,N′-di-sec-butylacetamidinate as a precursor and hydrogen as a reductive gas. The influence of temperature, plasma power, mode of plasma, and pulse time, on the deposition rate of copper thin film, the purity of the film and the step coverage were studied.The feasibility of copper film deposition on the inner wall of a carbon fibre reinforced plastic waveguide with high aspect ratio was also studied. The morphology and composition of the thin film were studied by atomic force microscopy and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,respectively. The square resistance of the thin film was also tested by a four-probe technique. On the basis of on-line diagnosis, a growth mechanism of copper thin film was put forward, and it was considered that surface functional group played an important role in the process of nucleation and in determining the properties of thin films. A high density of plasma and high free-radical content were helpful for the deposition of copper thin films. 相似文献