Free vibration of composite circular cylindrical shells with random material properties. Part II: Applications

In the second part of this study the approach developed in Part I has been used to analyse free vibration of three composite circular cylindrical shells with random scatter in the material properties. The cases considered are – specially orthotropic symmetric shells in axisymmetric and asymmetric oscillations, and antisymmetric cross ply laminated shell in axisymmetric oscillations. With known statistics of the material properties the mean and the variance of the natural frequencies have been obtained. Numerical results have been presented for graphite–epoxy composite shells.     

Buckling of composite circular cylindrical shells with random material properties

Composite materials exhibit a scatter in their properties. This is generally ignored in conventional structural analysis leading to results that may be non-conservative. The present study discusses the critical buckling analysis for circular cylindrical shells of laminated composites incorporating the effects of randomness in the material properties. A perturbation approach has been employed to develop expressions for the mean and variance of the critical buckling load in terms of material property statistics. Working of the approach has been illustrated with an example.     

Free vibration of composite cylindrical panels with random material properties

Virtually in all structural systems, and in particular composites, there are uncertainties in the system parameters because of practical bounds on the quality control. In the present work the effect of variations in the mechanical properties of laminated composite cylindrical panels on its natural frequency has been obtained by modeling these as random variables. The transverse shear and rotatory inertia effects have been included in the governing equations. A perturbation approach is presented to obtain the mean and variance of the random natural frequencies. The effects of thickness ratios, edge support conditions and standard deviation of material properties on response of shallow square panels have been investigated. Results have been obtained by employing the finite element method. The approach has been validated by comparison of results with other approaches.     

Free vibration of laminated composite conical shells with random material properties

In the present study, the sensitivity of randomness in material parameters on linear free vibration response of conical shells is presented. Higher order shear deformation theory is used to model system behavior and uncertain lamina material properties are modeled as basic random variables. A finite element method is successfully combined with first-order perturbation technique to obtain the response statistics of the structure. The solution methodology is validated with the results available in the literature and an independent Monte Carlo simulation. Typical numerical results for second-order statistics of linear free vibration response of simply supported laminated composite conical shells are obtained for different lamination schemes and thickness to radius ratios.     

Free vibration of symmetric angle-ply thick laminated composite cylindrical shells

Analytical solutions for the vibrations of thick symmetric angle-ply laminated composite cylindrical shells are established using the first-order shear deformation theory. The complex method is developed to deal with the partial differential governing equations of thick symmetric angle-ply laminated composite cylindrical shells. Numerical results are provided for comparison, and coincide with existing results in the literature. The frequency characteristics for thick symmetric angle-ply laminated composite cylindrical shells with different H/R and L/R ratios are studied in comparison with those of symmetric cross-ply laminates. Also, the influence of lamination angle and number of lamination layers on frequency is investigated in details.     

变厚度旋转圆柱壳的自由振动研究

为了提高旋转圆柱壳结构的使用性能和工作效率,减轻其质量已成为有效方式之一,针对这一需求,旋转圆柱壳结构有设计为厚度沿轴向变化即变厚度的趋势。基于此,利用Chebyshev-Ritz方法,对厚度沿轴向有3种线性变化形式的变厚度旋转圆柱壳的自由振动进行研究。考虑科氏力与离心力的影响,基于Sanders壳理论,将圆柱壳的位移场近似展开为Chebyshev多项式与边界函数乘积的形式,计算变厚度旋转圆柱壳的动能与势能,再根据Ritz方法获得变厚度旋转圆柱壳的频率方程。在此基础上,将所得结果与已有文献中的结果进行比较,验证了建模方法的准确性,并对计算结果进行了收敛性研究。最后比较了不同厚度变化形式下旋转圆柱壳的自由振动,并讨论了转速、厚度变化参数、圆柱壳长径比等参数对变厚度旋转圆柱壳自由振动的影响。     

Free vibration and stability of functionally graded circular cylindrical shells according to a 2D higher-order deformation theory

A two-dimensional (2D) higher-order deformation theory is presented for vibration and buckling problems of circular cylindrical shells made of functionally graded materials (FGMs). The modulus of elasticity of functionally graded (FG) shells is assumed to vary according to a power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. By using the method of power series expansion of continuous displacement components, a set of fundamental governing equations which can take into account the effects of both transverse shear and normal deformations, and rotatory inertia is derived through Hamilton’s principle. Several sets of truncated Mth order approximate theories are applied to solve the eigenvalue problems of simply supported FG circular cylindrical shells. In order to assure the accuracy of the present theory, convergence properties of the fundamental natural frequency for the fundamental mode r=s=1 are examined in detail. A comparison of the present natural frequencies of isotropic and FG shells is also made with previously published results. Critical buckling stresses of simply supported FG circular cylindrical shells subjected to axial stress are also obtained and a relation between the buckling stress and natural frequency is presented. The internal and external works are calculated and compared to prove the numerical accuracy of solutions. Modal transverse shear and normal stresses are calculated by integrating the three-dimensional (3D) equations of motion in the thickness direction satisfying the stress boundary conditions at the outer and inner surfaces. The 2D higher-order deformation theory has an advantage in the analysis of vibration and buckling problems of FG circular cylindrical shells.     

Postbuckling of nanotube-reinforced composite cylindrical shells in thermal environments,Part I: Axially-loaded shells

A postbuckling analysis is presented for nanocomposite cylindrical shells reinforced by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) subjected to axial compression in thermal environments. Two kinds of carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (CNTRC) shells, namely, uniformly distributed (UD) and functionally graded (FG) reinforcements, are considered. The material properties of FG-CNTRCs are assumed to be graded in the thickness direction, and are estimated through a micromechanical model. The governing equations are based on a higher order shear deformation theory with a von Kármán-type of kinematic nonlinearity. The thermal effects are also included and the material properties of CNTRCs are assumed to be temperature-dependent. A singular perturbation technique is employed to determine the buckling loads and postbuckling equilibrium paths. The numerical illustrations concern the postbuckling behavior of axially-loaded, perfect and imperfect, FG-CNTRC cylindrical shells under different sets of thermal environmental conditions. The results for UD-CNTRC shell, which is a special case in the present study, are compared with those of the FG-CNTRC shell. The results show that the linear functionally graded reinforcements can increase the buckling load as well as postbuckling strength of the shell under axial compression. The results reveal that the CNT volume fraction has a significant effect on the buckling load and postbuckling behavior of CNTRC shells.     

带有弹簧-质量-圆柱壳耦合结构自由振动分析

采用子结构导纳法研究了简支边界条件下带有多根弹簧-集中质量-圆柱壳耦合结构的自由振动。根据已有结果,通过求解多根弹簧等效刚度的推导思路,采用柔度法得到各子结构矩阵元素的柔度系数,进而求得集中质量带有多根弹簧的圆柱壳耦合结构自振频率及模态理论公式,并与已有文献结果作对比,证明了本文理论推导的正确性。应用本文理论方法进一步求解了集中质量带有三根弹簧圆柱壳耦合结构的自振频率及振型,并与建立的ANSYS有限元模型分析结果作对比,二者结果误差很小,可以忽略,再次验证本文理论的合理性及正确性。     

Free vibration of composite cylindrical polygonal ducts

A simple numerical method using the Rayleigh-Ritz principle is presented for computing the natural frequencies and mode shapes of cylindrical polygonal ducts constructed from composite materials. The duct creases are assumed to be parallel to one of the principal axes of orthotropy. Numerical results are presented for triangular and square cylindrical ducts with various degrees of orthotropy.     

复合材料柱面壳压缩性能分析

对三分之一复合材料柱面壳进行压缩性能试验研究与理论分析, 试验得到柱面壳的破坏方式为屈曲破坏。利用有限元法对其建模分析和静强度分析, 得到的静强度远大于屈曲强度, 因此柱壳应该首先发生屈曲破坏, 这与试验结果相符; 且理论计算所得的屈曲强度与试验结果相符, 说明该模型可以用来分析整个复合材料柱壳的压缩破坏行为, 研究结果可为柱壳的结构设计提供参考。对比某一载荷下理论模型与实际模型上对应点的应变, 发现二者结果相符, 证明有限元建模有效。然后分别对理论模型进行屈曲分析。      

Free vibration of axisymmetric and beam-like cylindrical shells,partially filled with liquid

A theory is presented for the determination of the free vibration characteristics of anisotropic thin cylindrical shells, partially or completely filled with liquid, for two circumferential wave numbers, n = 0, axisymmetric and n = 1, beam-like. The method used was a combination of finite element analysis and classical shell theory. The shell was subdivided into cylindrical finite elements and the displacement functions were obtained using the shell equations. Expressions for the mass and stiffness matrices for a finite element and for the whole structure were obtained. A finite element was developed for the liquid in cases of potential flow. The natural frequencies of the shell, both empty and partially filled, were obtained and compared with existing experiments and other theories.     

Free vibration response of composite sandwich cylindrical shell with flexible core

This study deals with the free vibration analysis of composite sandwich cylindrical shell with a flexible core using a higher order sandwich panel theory. The formulation uses the classical shell theory for the face sheets and an elasticity theory for the core and includes derivation of the governing equations along with the appropriate boundary conditions. The model consists of a systematic approach for the analysis of sandwich shells with a flexible core, having high-order effects caused by the nonlinearity of the in-plane and the vertical displacements of the core. The behavior is presented in terms of internal resultants and displacements in the faces, peeling and shear stresses in the face–core interface and stress and displacement field in the core. The accuracy of the solution is examined by comparing the results obtained with the analytical and numerical results published in the literatures. The parametric study is also included to investigate the effect of geometrical properties such as radius of curvature, length and sector angle of the shell.     

主动约束层阻尼贮液圆柱壳的耦振与控制研究

在被动约束层阻尼(PCLD)贮液圆柱壳研究的基础上,考虑约束层的压电效应,导出了压电主动约束层阻尼(PACLD)贮液圆柱壳呈一阶常微分矩阵形式的电-液-固多场谐耦振的控制方程.由于该方程中所包含的液动压力系数和采用比例微分(PD)反馈控制策略时所必需的参考点径向位移都不能预先给定,无法直接求解.为了克服这一困难,采用新...     

Free vibration of laminated composite plates with a central circular hole

This paper presents finite element results and some experimental data on the free vibration of symmetric laminated composite plates containing a central hole. The varying parameters in the study are the hole sizes, the boundary conditions along the edges of the plate and the aspect ratio of the plate. Hole diameters ranging from 0.1 to 0.9 times the width of the plate and the aspect ratio varying from 1 to 4 were analysed in the numerical study. The other parameters such as the stacking sequence and the lamination materials are kept constant. The stacking sequence and material properties chosen for the study are those typically found in aircraft structural applications. The close correlation between numerical and experimental data provides some confidence in the finite element method used.     

On the buckling and vibration of antisymmetric angle-ply laminated circular cylindrical shells

The buckling and free vibration problem of a thin composite antisymmetric angle-ply laminated circular cylindrical shell is studied. The Donnell-type equations of motion, in terms of the shell middle surface displacement components, are used and solved approximately by means of Galerkin's method. Numerical results are presented and the expectation that the bending-stretching coupling phenomenon rapidly dies out as the number of layers increases is confirmed.     

Postbuckling of nanotube-reinforced composite cylindrical shells in thermal environments,Part II: Pressure-loaded shells

A postbuckling analysis is presented for nanocomposite cylindrical shells reinforced by single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) subjected to lateral or hydrostatic pressure in thermal environments. The multi-scale model for functionally graded carbon nanotube-reinforced composite (FG-CNTRC) shells under external pressure is proposed and a singular perturbation technique is employed to determine the buckling pressure and postbuckling equilibrium path. Numerical results for pressure-loaded, perfect and imperfect, FG-CNTRC cylindrical shells are obtained under different sets of thermal environmental conditions. The results for uniformly distributed CNTRC shell, which is a special case in the present study, are compared with those of the FG-CNTRC shell. The results show that the linear functionally graded reinforcements can increase the buckling pressure as well as postbuckling strength of the shell under external pressure. The results reveal that the carbon nanotube volume fraction has a significant effect on the buckling pressure and postbuckling behavior of CNTRC shells.     

Nonlinear thermal vibration of carbon nanotube polymer composite elliptical cylindrical shells

International Journal of Mechanics and Materials in Design - This paper investigated the nonlinear vibration and dynamic response of the carbon nanotube polymer composite elliptical cylindrical...     

Postbuckling of functionally graded fiber reinforced composite laminated cylindrical shells, Part I: Theory and solutions

Buckling and postbuckling behavior are presented for fiber reinforced composite (FRC) laminated cylindrical shells subjected to axial compression or a uniform external pressure in thermal environments. Two kinds of fiber reinforced composite laminated shells, namely, uniformly distributed (UD) and functionally graded (FG) reinforcements, are considered. The governing equations are based on a higher order shear deformation shell theory with von Kármán-type of kinematic non-linearity and including the extension-twist, extension-flexural and flexural-twist couplings. The thermal effects are also included, and the material properties of FRC laminated cylindrical shells are estimated through a micromechanical model and are assumed to be temperature dependent. The non-linear prebuckling deformations and the initial geometric imperfections of the shell are both taken into account. A singular perturbation technique is employed to determine the buckling loads and postbuckling equilibrium paths of FRC laminated cylindrical shells.