多自由度局部非线性系统频域响应及非线性位置的辨识方法

研究了因与外部接触而发生局部非线性的动力学系统.基于NOFRF理论,对系统中出现的各次谐波分量进行研究,推导出了该类系统各自由度各阶谐波分量的表达式.证明了该类动力学系统中各自由度之间高次谐波分量的与原线性系统动柔度矩阵的相关元素成正比关系,并据此提出了一种简洁的局部非线性位置的辨识方法.采用这种方法,可以通过结构体中任意两个部位之间的高次谐波分量的比值关系,经过一次谐波激励而辨识出非线性的具体位置.对一个多自由度系统进行数值仿真,验证了该方法的有效性.     

基于广义频率响应函数矩阵的非线性闭环控制系统的稳定性研究

本文基于广义频率响应函数矩阵表示，针对一类多输入多输出非线性系统，提出了直接利用开环稳定性来判断系统闭环稳定性的新方法，并用实例仿真来验证了此判的有效性。     

基于非线性动态逆的姿态跟踪控制

当遇到非线性系统时可以利用传统的控制策略将其转化为线性系统进行处理,但是当系统的非线性度很高的时候,传统的控制策略就无能为力了,为了在飞行控制领域解决上述问题,引入了动态逆控制方法。首先确定一种非线性动态逆控制规律在飞行器上的应用,同时考虑到了惯性参数的不确定性和气动力矩的不确定性,实际是一种非线性的时变系统,为了改善全局稳定性,可以通过六自由度的仿真保证系统稳定,证明控制规律的有效性。     

基于预测控制方法的非线性神经网络逆控制

针对一类多输入多输出非线性被控对象,利用前向神经网络逼近原系统的逆系统,将其作为控制器,采用预测滚动优化性能指标训练该神经网络逆控制器,以克服干扰和不确定性影响,实现对多变量非线性对象的解耦控制。对某微型锅炉对象进行了控制算法仿真,结果表明,所提出的控制方法能够克服模型误差的影响,实现稳定解耦控制,且易于实现。在仿真过程中通过实验方法建立该锅炉对象的神经网络预测模型,并注意采用泛化方法采集训练样本数据和训练神经网络,以提高神经网络模型的泛化能力。     

基于非线性动态逆的无人机编队协同控制

针对多无人机在空间机动过程中的编队形成与保持控制问题,提出一种基于非线性动态逆的无人机编队控制方法.将编队控制过程分解为两步:首先给出分布式长机状态估计算法,各编队无人机根据"相邻"无人机状态解算自身的期望运动指令;其次是设计接于非线性动态逆的编队控制器,使各无人机快速跟踪其期望指令并形成和保持稳定队形.仿真实验表明,编队长机进行空间机动过程中,各僚机能够准确估计其状态,快速形成并维持队形稳定.     

基于逆系统方法的非线性内模控制

针对一类非线性连续系统,利用小波网络逼近原系统的α阶积分逆系统,针对复合后 的伪线性系统提出了基于逆系统方法的内模控制,证明了闭环系统的鲁棒稳定性,分析了系统 性能.仿真结果表明所提的方法控制性能好,精度高,且控制器设计简单.     

基于CMAC的非线性逆滤波改善传感器的动态特性

在测量系统中许多传感器存在着严重的非线性静态特性和响应滞后的动态特性,当被测量对象的变化率高于传感器的响应速度时,测量结果与真值之间存在较大的误差.为了补偿这个测量误差,采用了一个由无限响应的IIR滤波器和静态非线性环节构成的非线性滤波器去改善传感器的特性.IIR滤波器的系数通过实验数据得到,非线性静态环节采用单输入单输出小脑神经网络(SISO CMAC)实现.SISO CMAC具有学习简单、收敛速度快、函数逼近精度高等特点.最后,通过对热敏电阻动态测量误差的补偿,验证了该方法的有效性.     

不确定性网络连续高斯协同局部聚类更新方法

为提高不确定性无线传感器网络(wireless sensor network,WSN)模型的危险边界局部演化特性感知精度,提出了一种基于局部聚类的不确定性WSN模型网络局部前沿协同更新算法。首先,给出基于高斯的WSN感知距离不确定性模型和速度不确定性模型,并给出封闭形式的考虑WSN节点有限处理能力和能量约束的连续贝叶斯局部前沿速度更新模型;其次,基于局部聚类更新算法对WSN网络主节点、列表、辅助列表进行更新,实现危险连续局部前沿的实时更新,实现复杂危险演变特征的分布式准确预测;最后,通过实验对比,所提方法对于传感器节点故障和通信链路故障具有强大的鲁棒性。     

一般非线性系统的构造性逆系统方法

针对由于逆系统方法之求逆算法中求解隐函数方程的困难, 通过消元法避开对隐函数方法的求解, 提出了一般非线性多变量系统的构造性求逆算法. 在此基础上讨论对逆系统方法的相应改进, 通过动态补偿进一步提出了构造性逆系统方法. 这种改进使得逆系统方法原则上可以构造性地适用于任意足够光滑的非线性系统.     

基于自适应局部非线性回归的颜色校正算法

颜色是图像的重要信息。许多颜色校正算法都采用精度较高的查找表法。为了更好地拟合颜色空间之间复杂的映射关系,在自适应局部线性回归颜色校正模型的基础上提出了基于自适应局部非线性回归的颜色校正模型,在小样本情况下,自适应地选择插值点的个数,利用局部非线性回归模型优化权值,建立三维的查找表,实现较好的颜色校正效果。实验证明基于自适应局部非线性回归的颜色校正模型的校正精度整体高于基于自适应局部线性回归的颜色校正模型的校正精度。     

预变形对非线性结构响应特征的影响

含有大变形非线性约束的结构中,往往存在不同程度的预变形,导致系统静平衡点的改变.预变形的存在使得系统的动力学控制方程同时含有平方和立方非线性.实验结果表明,较小的激励力就能激发出含预变形非线性结构的软弹簧频响特征.以实验中的参数作仿真分析,结果表明,随着预变形的逐渐增大,非线性结构频响特征呈现从硬弹簧特性向软弹簧特性的转变,并求出了转变过程的临界变形.而随着外载荷幅值的增大,则是从软弹簧特性向硬弹簧特性转变.在不同预变形和激励力幅值下,还出现了超谐波共振和次谐波共振的现象.     

乘用车排气净化器频响分析方法

基于发动机试验和频响分析,以某乘用车排气净化器为例,研究振动强度的评价方法,考虑排气高温对结构强度的影响,选择频响分析的位移和应力作为验证和评价的指标,分析获得的出气法兰峰值加速度与试验结果具有很好的一致性。上、下蚌壳焊缝处为净化器结构的高风险区域,该区域的应力水平是决定净化器结构强度的关键指标。研究结果认为：在分析采用的载荷和温度输入条件下,该净化器结构强度满足可靠性要求。     

Inverse analysis method using MPP-based dimension reduction for reliability-based design optimization of nonlinear and multi-dimensional systems

There are two commonly used analytical reliability analysis methods: linear approximation - first-order reliability method (FORM), and quadratic approximation - second-order reliability method (SORM), of the performance function. The reliability analysis using FORM could be acceptable in accuracy for mildly nonlinear performance functions, whereas the reliability analysis using SORM may be necessary for accuracy of nonlinear and multi-dimensional performance functions. Even though the reliability analysis using SORM may be accurate, it is not as much used for probability of failure calculation since SORM requires the second-order sensitivities. Moreover, the SORM-based inverse reliability analysis is rather difficult to develop.This paper proposes an inverse reliability analysis method that can be used to obtain accurate probability of failure calculation without requiring the second-order sensitivities for reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) of nonlinear and multi-dimensional systems. For the inverse reliability analysis, the most probable point (MPP)-based dimension reduction method (DRM) is developed. Since the FORM-based reliability index (β) is inaccurate for the MPP search of the nonlinear performance function, a three-step computational procedure is proposed to improve accuracy of the inverse reliability analysis: probability of failure calculation using constraint shift, reliability index update, and MPP update. Using the three steps, a new DRM-based MPP is obtained, which estimates the probability of failure of the performance function more accurately than FORM and more efficiently than SORM. The DRM-based MPP is then used for the next design iteration of RBDO to obtain an accurate optimum design even for nonlinear and/or multi-dimensional system. Since the DRM-based RBDO requires more function evaluations, the enriched performance measure approach (PMA+) with new tolerances for constraint activeness and reduced rotation matrix is used to reduce the number of function evaluations.     

基于局部谱能量自相似矩阵的纹理描述

对于纹理检测和分类中的纹理描述问题,提出一种新的基于Gabor滤波器组局部谱能量的自相似矩阵来描述纹理的方法。首先采用多尺度、方向的极坐标对数Gabor滤波器组对纹理模板进行滤波,获得频域上局部频段和方向上的纹理信息;然后计算频域上各尺度、方向上局部谱能量的自相似度量,将这些度量值以自相似矩阵的形式进行存储,并作为纹理特征的描述子;最后将这种描述方法应用到纹理检测和分类中。由于该描述子主要体现的是纹理模板在不同频段和方向局部谱能量的自相似程度,所以它对滤波器参数的依赖度较低。实验中利用纹理特征描述子可以实现比较准确的纹理检测,多类纹理合成图像分类实验的准确率达到了91%以上。实验结果说明,纹理局部谱能量的自相似矩阵是一种十分有效的纹理描述方法,其检测和分类的结果对后期的纹理分割、纹理识别等研究领域具有广泛的应用前景。     

Learning-based frequency response function estimation for nonlinear systems

In this paper, we perform the nonlinear frequency response function (FRF) estimation for a class of nonlinear systems. Two non-parametric estimation techniques are considered: radial basis function neural network (RBF-NN)-based estimation and support vector machine (SVM)-based estimation. Based on the system's available observations, the proposed estimation models are used to predict its frequency response. Simulation results are provided to demonstrate the model implementation. Finally, a comparative study is carried out to evaluate the effectiveness of the RBF-NN and SVM schemes, which has demonstrated that the SVM outperformed RBF-NN in the FRF estimation.     

基于时频域交替法的迟滞非线性振动系统的稳态响应分析

连接界面的黏滑、摩擦行为不仅是引起结构刚度和阻尼非线性的主要原因,而且是结构无源阻尼的主要来源.Iwan模型能够较好地复现连接界面的黏滑、摩擦行为.本文采用时频域交替法(Alternating Frequency/Time Domain Method,AFT)研究含Iwan非线性模型的单自由度振子系统的稳态响应.时频域交替法具有频域法求解线性系统响应的高效性和时域法判断非线性力的便捷性特点,采用离散傅里叶变换和傅里叶逆变换,在频域和时域内分别求解系统响应和对应的非线性恢复力,再反复迭代计算系统的稳态响应.将时频域交替法计算结果和中心差分法计算的结果进行对比,并研究激励幅值对系统非线性特征的影响.结果表明,时频域交替法计算的结果与中心差分计算的结果具有较好的一致性,且求解效率较高,计算耗时减少50%;随着激励幅值的增加,系统的能量耗散增加,刚度降低,固有频率降低.     

Output feedback for stochastic nonlinear systems with unmeasurable inverse dynamics

This paper considers a concrete stochastic nonlinear system with stochastic unmeasurable inverse dynamics. Motivated by the concept of integral input-to-state stability （iISS） in deterministic systems and stochastic input-to-state stability （SISS） in stochastic systems, a concept of stochastic integral input-to-state stability （SiISS） using Lyapunov functions is first introduced. A constructive strategy is proposed to design a dynamic output feedback control law, which drives the state to the origin almost surely while keeping all other closed-loop signals almost surely bounded. At last, a simulation is given to verify the effectiveness of the control law.     

An inverse analysis method for design optimization with both statistical and fuzzy uncertainties

If the statistical data for the input uncertainties are sufficient to construct the distribution function, the input uncertainties can be treated as random variables to use the reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) method; otherwise, the input uncertainties can be treated as fuzzy variables to use the possibility-based design optimization (PBDO) method. However, many structural design problems include both input uncertainties with sufficient and insufficient data. This paper proposes a new mixed-variable design optimization (MVDO) method using the performance measure approach (PMA) for such design problems. For the inverse analysis, this paper proposes a new most probable/possible point (MPPP) search method called maximal failure search (MFS), which is an integration of the enhanced hybrid mean value method (HMV+) and maximal possibility search (MPS) method. This paper also improves the HMV+ method using an angle-based interpolation. Mathematical and physical examples are used to demonstrate the proposed inverse analysis method and MVDO method.     

The nonlinear Landweber method applied to an inverse scattering problem for sound-soft obstacles in 3D

The inverse scattering problem for sound-soft obstacles is considered for both smooth and piecewise smooth surfaces in 3D. The nonlinear and ill-posed integral equation of the first kind is solved by the nonlinear Landweber method. It is an iterative regularization scheme to obtain approximations for the unknown boundary of the obstacle. It is stable with respect to noise and essentially no extra work is required to incorporate several incident waves. So far, it has only been applied to the two dimensional case. Two different integral equations are presented to obtain far-field data. Furthermore, the domain derivative and its adjoint are characterized. The integral equations of the second kind are approximated by a boundary element collocation method. The two-grid method is used to solve the large and dense linear systems. Numerical examples are illustrated to show that both smooth and piecewise smooth obstacles can be reconstructed with this method, where the latter case has not yet been reported.