Memristive crossbar array with applications in image processing

A memristor is a kind of nonlinear resistor with memory capacity.Its resistance changes with the amount of charge or flux passing through it.As the fourth fundamental circuit element,it has huge potential applications in many fields,and has been expected to drive a revolution in circuit theory.Through numerical simulations and circuitry modeling,the basic theory and properties of memristors are analyzed,and a memristor-based crossbar array is then proposed.The array can realize storage and output for binary,grayscale and color images.A series of computer simulations demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.Owing to the advantage of the memristive crossbar array in parallel information processing,the proposed method is expected to be used in high-speed image processing.     

忆阻器交叉阵列及在图像处理中的应用

忆阻器是一种有记忆功能的非线性电阻,其阻值的变化依赖于流过它的电荷数量或磁通量.忆阻器作为第4个基本的电路元件,在众多领域中有巨大的应用潜力,有望推动整个电路理论的变革.文中利用数值仿真和电路建模,分析了忆阻器的理论基础和特性,提出了一种用于图像存储的忆阻器交叉阵列,可以实现黑白、灰度和彩色图像的存储和输出,一系列的计...     

Progress in rectifying-based RRAM passive crossbar array

Resistive random access memory(RRAM) with crossbar structure is receiving widespread attentions due to its simple structure,high density,and feasibility of three-dimensional(3D) stack.It is an extremely promising solution for high density storage.However,a major issue of crosstalk restricts its development and application.In this paper,we will first introduce the integration methods of RRAM device and the existing crosstalk phenomenon in passive crossbar array,and then focus on the 1D1R(one diode and one re...     

Analog memristive memory with applications in audio signal processing

Since the development of the HP memristor, much attention has been paid to studies of memris- tive devices and applications, particularly memristor-based nonvolatile semiconductor memory. Owing to its unique properties, theoretically, one could restart a memristor-based computer immediately without the need for reloading the data. Further, current memories are mainly binary and can store only ones and zeros, whereas memristors have multilevel states, which means a single memristor unit can replace many binary transistors and realize higher-density memory. It is believed that memristors can also implement analog storage besides binary and multilevel information memory. In this paper, an implementation scheme for analog memristive memory is considered. A charge-controlled memristor model is derived and the corresponding SPICE model is constructed. Special write and read operations are demonstrated through numerical analysis and circuit simulations. In addition, an audio analog record/play system using a memristor crossbar array is designed. This system can provide great storage capacity （long recording time） and high audio quality with a simple small circuit structure. A series of computer simulations and analyses verify the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.     

A memristor-based architecture combining memory and image processing

Image processing is a type of memory-access-intensive application and is applied in many fields.Logic operations are very simple ones in image processing.During these operations,memory access takes a majority of the total time consumed,which puts a great pressure on memory access speed and bandwidth.However,in traditional von Neumann architecture,memory access is the inherent bottleneck of the system;that is,the speed of memory’s data supply is far lower than the data request of processor.Memristor is considered to be the fourth circuit element after resistor,capacitor and inductor.It has the capacity of both processing and memory,which supplies a new idea for solving the"memory wall"problem.In this paper,memristor is used to build an architecture combining computing and memory,where the memory has the ability to handle some simple image processing operations.This architecture can reduce readings and writings of memory effectively,which saves memory bandwidth thus improving the efficiency of the system.Logic operations of images are considered in this paper to validate the architecture.The experimental results and theoretical analysis indicate that the architecture can reduce memory access effectively.     

A cellular logic array for image processing

A cellular logic image processor employing 192 cells in a 16 by 12 hexagonal array is described. The processor has been constructed and its performance assessed. The various classes of functions which can be implemented in the cellular array are discussed and sample programs explained in detail.     

Greyscale image processing for industrial applications

The processing of images of industrial components viewed in relatively good and relatively cluttered environments is discussed and illustrated. It is shown that a hypothesis generation and verification procedure can be used to improve feature representation. Finally, the requirements for robust modelling schemes are discussed.     

图像情报处理系统的研究与实现

为了提升图像情报处理系统的效率和自动化水平,提出了一种同时满足实时作业和离线管理的图像情报处理方法。该系统采用集中式管理、分布式处理体系结构,结合图层、分块存储和图像金字塔模型,实现了对海量图像数据的实时快视筛选、判读整编和成果上报,并提供离线式数据管理和服务。实验结果表明,该设计可扩展性好、自动化水平高、图像情报处理效率提升明显。     

基于忆阻器的计算存储融合体系结构研究进展

Memristor is an enabling device with non volatile resistance, low power consumption, high durability, ease of integration, and CMOS compatibility. The stateful logic of memristors can rea lize the true fusion of computing and storage, and is complete in logic, which is expected to break the limitation of Von Neumann architecture and effectively alleviate the memory wall bottleneck. These excellent properties gain memristors great interest from academia and industry. In light of this, this paper summarizes the research progress of application oriented computing storage fusion architecture based on stateful logic. Firstly, the implementation principle and improvement method of state logic are analyzed in detail. Secondly, the state logic design based on the memristor crossbar is reviewed, including the parallel implementation of the basic logics, copy operation and comparison operation, and then the design principle and implementation structure of the data storage structure based on the memristors are summarized. The paper then revisits an application oriented computing storage fusion architecture in detail, and finally summarizes the problems in the research of this direction, and looks forward to the future direction.     

面向对象的高分辨率SAR图像处理及应用

目的随着合成孔径雷达(SAR)技术和分辨率的不断提高,越来越多的空间细节呈现在高分辨率SAR影像上。与此同时,SAR图像的数据量越来越大,人们对其应用需求也越来越高,这使得传统的基于像素的SAR处理方法不再适用。面向对象分析技术以像元集合——"对象"为分析单元,为高分辨率遥感图像处理提供了有效的思路,并日渐成为遥感、摄影测量以及GIS等领域所关注的对象和研究热点之一。目前该技术在光学遥感中已经得到了广泛的应用,但在SAR图像处理中的应用还处于起步阶段。方法本文在简要阐述面向对象分析技术起源和特点的基础上,对SAR图像面向对象技术中常用的多尺度分割算法进行了分类分析,接着对面向对象技术在SAR遥感的应用方向进行全面介绍,最后对面向对象技术在SAR上的应用进行了总结与展望。结果面向对象分析技术在SAR图像处理中的应用主要分为以下五个方面:地物分类、城市信息提取、变化检测、海洋应用、森林应用。结论面向对象分析技术在解决高分辨率SAR图像尺度效应、抑制噪声等方面有着重要作用。目前,国外学者在基于SAR的面向对象分析技术研究上已经取得了一定的进展,但总体上该技术仍面临诸多问题,需要进一步的研究和完善。     

Aerial image processing and object recognition

The processing of images representing natural scenes requires substantial elaboration at all levels: preprocessing, segmentation, recognition, and interpretation. These steps unmistakably influence the result quality of a vision system, so it must be endowed with some capabilities. We present here the vision problem in terms of internal organization and information management. The object is represented on a scale of categories and the task of the recognition algorithms is to find the most detailed category according to information extracted from the image. All tasks operate on one level. On this principle, we propose a model for the internal representation of a vision system, which tries to generalize the recognition of objects using categorization and cooperation.     

独立分量分析及其在图像处理中的应用现状

独立分量分析是一种基于高阶统计量的信号分析方法,它可以找到隐含在数据中的独立分量,近年来作为信号处理和图像处理领域的强有力的分析处理工具得到广泛的关注和研究。在介绍了独立分量分析的基本概念和各种实现算法及其性能的基础上,综述了独立分量分析在图像处理上的应用,最后结合作者的研究探索,总结了独立分量分析的研究新进展和发展趋势。     

基于长线列探测器的图像非均匀性研究与校正

基于长线列图像探测器的成像系统,其图像的非均匀性往往制约着系统成像的质量.结合线列图像探测器的结构特点,分析了线列图像的非均匀性产生原因,并在此基础上分析了多点校正算法,并提出一种基于图像轮廓提取的图像平滑算法.通过对比处理前后的结果,采用图像轮廓提取的图像平滑算法,在保证图像细节的基础上,能够提高图像的均匀性.     

Light field resampling method for elemental image array generation of integral imaging

In this paper, we proposed a light field resampling method for generating elemental image array (EIA) of integral imaging. The proposed method can break through the constraints between parameters of traditional integral imaging record device and display device and allow to generate a new set of EIA suited to be displayed in an integral imaging display device with arbitrary parameters from any given recorded EIA. Three‐dimensional display results show the correctness and superiority of the proposed method.     

光寻址电位传感器阵列信号处理仿真研究

基于微透镜和频率调制盘的设计,提出了光寻址电位传感器阵列(LAPS)中光脉冲阵列的频率调制方法和基本的测量系统.采用Matlab对LAPS阵列可能检测到的光电流信号进行快速傅立叶变换(FFT)和小波分析的仿真.从仿真得到的频谱图,各频率的脉冲光所对应的光电流能够分辨出来,进一步证明多频率脉冲光源LAPS传感器阵列具有很好的频域分辨率,从而得到LAPS阵列对应各个传感元的信号,为实际LAPS阵列器件的制作和信号处理提供了理论依据.     

Bayer阵列图像去马赛克算法综述

Bayer阵列图像去马赛克技术是对稀疏采样的Bayer阵列图像进行RGB信息重建,图像重建质量是成像设备评价的重要因素之一,同时也对其他计算机视觉任务(如图像分割、人脸识别)产生影响。随着深度学习方法的快速发展,图像去马赛克领域提出了多种高性能算法。为了便于研究者更全面了解图像去马赛克算法的原理和研究进展,本文对该领域的经典算法和深度学习算法进行综述。首先对Bayer采样阵列原理和图像去马赛克技术进行概述。然后将现有方法分为传统方法和基于深度学习方法两类进行总结,同时根据去马赛克任务是否具有独立性,将深度学习方法分为独立去马赛克任务和联合去马赛克任务两类,分析不同方法的原理和优缺点,重点阐述基于深度学习的去马赛克方法的网络结构和重建机理,介绍去马赛克领域常用的公共数据集和性能评价指标,并对图像去马赛克相关实验进行分析对比。最后,围绕网络深度、运算效率和实用性等方面分析了现阶段图像去马赛克技术面临的挑战及未来发展方向。目前,基于深度学习的图像去马赛克方法已成为主流发展方向,但仍然存在计算成本较高、实际应用性不强等问题。因此,如何开发出重建精度高、处理时间短以及实用性强的图像去马赛克方法,...     

Adaptive real-time image processing exploiting two dimensional reconfigurable architecture

Fine grained reconfigurable architectures, like Xilinx field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) provide a high flexibility through runtime re-programming, called dynamic and partial reconfiguration. This feature allows for runtime adaptation of the system architecture and behavior configured on the FPGA. The exploitation of this feature enables to load video image processing algorithms on-demand in order to adapt the configuration in correspondence to the changing requirements of the application depending on the image content. For high resolution sensor images, this novel computing paradigm can provide a huge benefit in power reduction and performance gain for actual and future embedded electronic systems. This paper presents a two dimensional system approach exploiting dynamic and partial reconfiguration in order to adapt the system architecture to the actual requirements of image processing applications. The methodology of runtime reconfiguration can be exploited beneficially for highly adaptive multiprocessor systems. Such systems, different from the traditional static approach for multi- and many-core architectures have the advantage, for providing computational performance directly linked to the requirements of the application. The architecture presented in this paper allows for adapting the processing elements as well as the communication infrastructure which is a novel 2D switch-based Network-on-Chip. The presented approach follows and extends the actual trend in computer science of using many- and multi-core processors for bridging the gap between required computation performance for future application in the field of image processing.

Central catadioptric image processing with geodesic metric

Because of the distortions produced by the insertion of a mirror, catadioptric images cannot be processed similarly to classical perspective images. Now, although the equivalence between such images and spherical images is well known, the use of spherical harmonic analysis often leads to image processing methods which are more difficult to implement. In this paper, we propose to define catadioptric image processing from the geodesic metric on the unitary sphere. We show that this definition allows to adapt very simply classical image processing methods. We focus more particularly on image gradient estimation, interest point detection, and matching. More generally, the proposed approach extends traditional image processing techniques based on Euclidean metric to central catadioptric images. We show in this paper the efficiency of the approach through different experimental results and quantitative evaluations.     

新的连通域标记方法及其在医学图像中的应用*

为了提高诊断的准确率和效率,提出了一种新的连通域标记算法,同时对医学图像中感兴趣区域进行连通域标记和区域特征提取。该算法先对读入二值图进行边界提取,再对边界进行跟踪和标记,利用图像重构的方法对边界进行区域填充,并将属于同一连通域的边界进行归类,即重新排列标记号,最后对连通区域的形态特征进行提取。实验证明,该算法不但能正确标记任意复杂形状的连通域,运行速度较快,而且对连通区域进行了特征提取,现已应用到医学图像处理的多个方面,为下一步的图像处理奠定了更好的基础。