实时三维超声心动图在诊断心脏肿瘤中的应用价值

目的探讨实时三维超声心动图对心脏肿瘤的诊断价值.方法对7例心脏肿瘤患者进行二维、实时三维超声心动图检查,测量其左右径、上下径、及前后径,结果与手术或MRI对照.结果实时三维超声心动图可实时显示心脏肿瘤的空间位置、形态、大小以及与周围结构的关系.与手术或MRI结果的相比较,左右径r=0.99,SEE=2mm;上下径r=0.97,SEE=2.2mm;前后径r=0.98,SEE=2.1mm.二维超声测得的结果与手术或MRI结果相比较,左右径r=0.89,SEE=6mm;上下径r=0.91,SEE=4mm;前后径r=0.89,SEE=5mm.结论实时三维超声心动图操作简单、应用方便,可显示心脏肿瘤的整体形态,为心脏肿瘤患者的定性和定量诊断提供了可靠的新方法.     

超声造影在兔VX2肝肿瘤模型的早期检测中的应用价值

目的:研究兔VX2早期肝癌常规超声与低机械指数超声造影的图像特点,对比探讨两者在早期肝癌诊断方面的应用价值。方法:25只新西兰大白兔开腹种植VX2肿瘤,造模后14天分别行常规彩色多普勒超声检查及经耳缘静脉注射声诺维实时超声造影检查,观察记录图像二维特征及血供情况,进行对比研究。结果:在24例25个病灶中,常规超声检出23个病灶,病灶大小(0.92±0.15)cm,5个病灶边界显示清晰,18个病灶与周边分界不清;彩色多普勒检出17个结节有不同程度的血流信号,超声造影检出25个病灶,病灶大小(1.13±0.24)cm,25个病灶与周边分界显示清楚,10个病灶内部出现坏死。结论:超声造影较常规超声能更敏感地检出早期肝癌病灶,显示病灶内部坏死区域,病灶周边的浸润范围以及病灶内部血供情况。     

彩色多普勒超声造影和实时谐波超声造影在肝肿瘤诊断中的对比研究

目的比较彩色多普勒超声造影和实时谐波灰阶超声造影在肝肿瘤诊断中的价值.方法对29例共34个肝内实质占位病变进行彩色多普勒超声造影和实时灰阶谐波超声造影检查,其中原发性肝癌(PLC)16例,转移性肝癌(MLT)4例,肝血管瘤(HCH)9例,局灶性结节性增生(FNH)5例.选用百胜Megas超声诊断仪和Bracco公司的SonoVue超声造影剂.结果注射造影剂后,彩色多普勒超声造影显示全部肝肿瘤均有不同程度的增强,能显示肿瘤内动脉血流信号比例从造影前的64.7%(22/34)提高到造影后的100%(34/34),其诊断肝癌的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为90%(18/20)、92.9%(13/14)和91.2%(31/34).实时谐波超声造影能显示不同肝肿瘤的造影特点,并能显示肿瘤的血供灌注信号,其诊断肝癌的敏感性、特异性及准确性分别为95%(19/20)、100%(14/14)和97%(33/34).结论彩色多普勒超声造影和实时超声造影均能反映不同肝肿瘤血流改变,可帮助提高肝肿瘤超声诊断的准确性.     

基于实时三维超声造影对于输卵管源性不孕症的诊断评价研究

目的:探讨实时三维子宫输卵管超声造影对于输卵管源性不孕症的诊断评价.方法:随机抽取在我院进行治疗的输卵管源性不孕症患者80名,按照统计学规则将抽取的样本分成对照组和研究组.对照组患者接受腹腔镜检查以及子宫输卵管碘油造影检查,研究组患者接受腹腔镜检查以及实时三维子宫输卵管超声造影检查,子宫输卵管碘油造影的结果接近金标准....     

实时超声造影中MI和DP的意义和作用

在进行超声造影中,为了获得满意的成像效果,正确使用超声强度,有效利用造影剂微泡的增强特征,界定一个稳定而简单实用的强度指标显得十分重要.本文在介绍超声成像中超声输出强度的基础上,讨论了MI及DP参数在实时超声造影中的意义和作用,并结合临床给出了维持气泡谐振而又达到满意成像效果的MI和DP的参考数值和范围.     

规范化护理干预在肝脏超声造影检查中的应用价值

目的：探讨规范化护理干预在肝脏超声造影检查中的应用价值。方法：选取2018年6月～2022年6月时间段在长春市人民医院电诊科实施肝脏超声造影检查的100例患者为研究主体,将其通过随机数字表法分至2组中,即对照组与观察组,两组分别50例,并分别实施常规护理干预及规范化护理干预,将2组患者心理状态、超声造影及相关疾病知识掌握情况及满意度调查结果进行综合对比。结果：护理干预后,观察组心理状态评分要优于对照组（P<0.05）,超声造影及相关疾病知识掌握要优于对照组（P<0.05）,满意度评分要优于对照组（P<0.05）。结论：肝脏超声造影检查中实施规范化护理干预不仅可以改善患者心理状态,还能提高其对超声造影及相关知识的掌握程度,患者满意度高。     

经阴道子宫输卵管四维超声造影在不孕症诊断中应用价值

目的:探讨经阴道子宫输卵管四维超声造影在女性不孕症诊断中的应用价值。方法:随机选取我院2014年7月-2015年10月全院通过腹腔镜检查已确诊的女性不孕症患者50例,对其进行经阴道子宫输卵管四维超声造影诊断,比较分析两种技术的结果,然后对经阴道子宫输卵管四维超声造影在观察输卵管通畅性中的应用价值。结果:若以腹腔镜检查结果100条作为判断标准,经阴道子宫输卵管四维超声造影诊断的50例女性患者共检查出94条输卵管。其中,输卵管通畅的符合率是93.0%(40/43),通而不畅的符合率是95.5%(21/22),阻塞的符合率是94.3%(33/35),总体的符合率是94.0%。结论:经阴道子宫输卵管四维超声造影技术可有效判定输卵管的通畅性,可以为临床上的女性不孕症患者的诊断提供一种简易有效的方法,有较好的应用价值。     

实时超声弹性图像特征量化方法及其应用研究

0引言检测生物组织力学特性的超声弹性成像是近年来新兴的超声影像学技术,但目前的研究工作主要集中在如何构建弹性图像上,缺乏对弹性图像信息与临床诊断结果的前瞻性研究。五分法[1]及弹性比值[2-4]法是最常用的评估乳腺肿瘤方法,受诊断者主观影响较大,没有形成统一的标准,限制了超声弹性成像技术在临床上的广泛应用。构建科学、系统、有效的肿瘤弹性特征的量化和提取方法就显得尤其     

超声造影增强程度对前列腺癌的诊断价值及其影响因素研究

目的:探讨超声造影增强程度对前列腺癌的诊断价值及其影响因素。方法:对2010年1月至2012年8月我院收治的68例前列腺癌患者的病例进行回顾性分析。结果:超声造影声像图上,前列腺癌以明显增强为主。结论:超声造影增强程度对前列腺癌的诊断具有相当高的诊断价值,但是病灶的直径,位置会对诊断超声造影诊断造成一定影响。     

实时声学造影改善左室心内膜缘显示的实验研究

采用实时声学造影技术对健康杂种犬7只行造影检查,评价八氟丙烷声学造影剂改善犬左室心内膜缘显影的可行性和安全性.结果表明八氟丙烷声学造影剂可以明显改善心内膜缘显像,各剂量八氟丙烷声学造影剂均未对实验动物血流动力学及心电活动产生影响.     

On the Optimization of the Transmitted Beam in Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound Medical Imaging

The optimization of the ultrasound pulses transmitted by an echographic scanner is considered here in order to attain an insonification beam having a quasi-constant pressure profile over a large depth interval. An equalized pressure intensity allows a correct exploitation of the ultrasound contrast agent injected into the human body and, in turn, permits one to fully exploit its nonlinear response. A stochastic method of synthesis (based on the simulated annealing scheme) that is able to produce the desired transmission beam profile, acting simultaneously on the carrier frequencies of the acoustic pulses emitted by the array's transducers and on the apodizing weights, has been developed and assessed. The results obtained by the joint optimization, in terms of acoustic pressure profile, sidelobe level, and main lobe shape, are reported, discussed, and compared with those obtained by the traditional emission strategy and by the exclusive optimization of the apodizing weights or the carrier frequencies. A significant improvement of the ultrasound beam generated by the joint optimization over those generated by the exclusive optimization is pointed out.     

Ultrasound Transducer and System for Real-Time Simultaneous Therapy and Diagnosis for Noninvasive Surgery of Prostate Tissue

For noninvasive treatment of prostate tissue using high-intensity focused ultrasound this paper proposes a design of an integrated multifunctional confocal phased array (IMCPA) and a strategy to perform both imaging and therapy simultaneously with this array. IMCPA is composed of triplerow phased arrays: a 6-MHz array in the center row for imaging and two 4-MHz arrays in the outer rows for therapy. Different types of piezoelectric materials and stack configurations may be employed to maximize their respective functionalities, i.e., therapy and imaging. Fabrication complexity of IMCPA may be reduced by assembling already constructed arrays. In IMCPA, reflected therapeutic signals may corrupt the quality of imaging signals received by the center-row array. This problem can be overcome by implementing a coded excitation approach and/or a notch filter when B-mode images are formed during therapy. The 13-bit Barker code, which is a binary code with unique autocorrelation properties, is preferred for implementing coded excitation, although other codes may also be used. From both Field II simulation and experimental results, we verified whether these remedial approaches would make it feasible to simultaneously carry out imaging and therapy by IMCPA. The results showed that the 13-bit Barker code with 3 cycles per bit provided acceptable performances. The measured -6 dB and -20 dB range mainlobe widths were 0.52 mm and 0.91 mm, respectively, and a range sidelobe level was measured to be -48 dB regardless of whether a notch filter was used. The 13-bit Barker code with 2 cycles per bit yielded -6 dB and -20 dB range mainlobe widths of 0.39 mm and 0.67 mm. Its range sidelobe level was found to be -40 dB after notch filtering. These results indicate the feasibility of the proposed transducer design and system for real-time imaging during therapy.     

Real-Time Assessment and Diagnosis of Process Operating Performance

Over time, the performance of processes may deviate from the initial design due to process variations and uncertainties, making it necessary to develop systematic methods for online optimality assessment based on routine operating process data. Some processes have multiple operating modes caused by the set point change of the critical process variables to achieve different product specifications. On the other hand, the operating region in each operating mode can alter, due to uncertainties. In this paper, we will establish an optimality assessment framework for processes that typically have multi-mode, multi-region operations, as well as transitions between different modes. The kernel density approach for mode detection is adopted and improved for operating mode detection. For online mode detection, the model-based clustering discriminant analysis (MclustDA) approach is incorporated with some a priori knowledge of the system. In addition, multi-modal behavior of steady-state modes is tackled utilizing the mixture probabilistic principal component regression (MPPCR) method, and dynamic principal component regression (DPCR) is used to investigate transitions between different modes. Moreover, a probabilistic causality detection method based on the sequential forward floating search (SFFS) method is introduced for diagnosing poor or non-optimum behavior. Finally, the proposed method is tested on the Tennessee Eastman (TE) benchmark simulation process in order to evaluate its performance.     

Fluoro-Photoacoustic Polymeric Renal Reporter for Real-Time Dual Imaging of Acute Kidney Injury

Photoacoustic (PA) imaging agents detect disease tissues and biomarkers with increased penetration depth and enhanced spatial resolution relative to traditional optical imaging, and thus hold great promise for clinical applications. However, existing PA imaging agents often encounter the issues of slow body excretion and low-signal specificity, which compromise their capability for in vivo detection. Herein, a fluoro-photoacoustic polymeric renal reporter (FPRR) is synthesized for real-time imaging of drug-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). FPRR simultaneously turns on both near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) and PA signals in response to an AKI biomarker (γ-glutamyl transferase) with high sensitivity and specificity. In association with its high renal clearance efficiency (78% at 24 h post-injection), FPRR can detect cisplatin-induced AKI at 24 h post-drug treatment through both real-time imaging and optical urinalysis, which is 48 h earlier than serum biomarker elevation and histological changes. More importantly, the deep-tissue penetration capability of PA imaging results in a signal-to-background ratio that is 2.3-fold higher than NIRF imaging. Thus, the study not only demonstrates the first activatable PA probe for real-time sensitive imaging of kidney function at molecular level, but also highlights the polymeric probe structure with high renal clearance.     

多壁碳纳米管的超声处理对PtRu／MWCNTs电催化性能的影响

多壁碳纳米管的表面官能团化对其在催化领域的应用有重要意义.在硫酸和硝酸混合液中超声处理多擘碳纳米管,在使其纯化的同时,纳米管的长度变短,端口被打开,并在碳纳米管表面和端口处修饰上大量的含氧官能团,有利于催化剂活性组分在碳纳米管表面均匀沉积.利用透射电镜.红外光谱和拉曼光谱表征了碳纳米管及其催化剂的表观织构.通过交流阻抗谱对催化剂进行电化学性能测试,并发现经过超声处理的碳纳米管负载的PtRu双金属催化剂对甲醇有较好的电催化活性.     

彩超诊断胰腺炎的临床价值分析

目的:对彩超诊断胰腺炎的临床价值进行分析。方法:选取我院2012年1月-2013年11月收治的胰腺炎患者53例,回顾分析其应用彩超诊断的临床资料。结果:经过彩超的明确诊断,53例患者中,有急性胰腺炎的患者41例,慢性胰腺炎的患者12例。其中,急性水肿型胰腺炎患者33例,急性出血坏死型胰腺炎患者8例。结论:胰腺炎病症应用彩超诊断更为简便迅速、安全可靠,检出率相对较高,值得临床中广泛应用。     

B型超声诊断腰椎TB脓肿及分型

本文报告了27例腰椎TB合并椎旁脓肿的患者,早期TB的超声显示明显不及传统的X线,但对发展到一定程度超声是可以显示的,尤其当椎体遭到破坏形成椎旁或流注脓肿时,超声探查远优于传统的X线,并且二维超声可以对脓肿进行介入治疗,可随时观察治疗效果,从超声角度上分为两型:①包裹型;②窦道型。包裹型超声特点为一侧或两侧椎旁可探及无回声暗区,无相对完整的包膜,后方效应无明显增强,这与脓液是否完全液化程度有关,且与椎旁无回声暗区有相通的无回声暗带,向下追踪扫查可在髂窝及股三角处观察到流注的脓腔,所以超声在软组织与液注占位的分辨上优于X线平片。     

胎儿心脏畸形的超声诊断及临床分型

目的:探讨超声诊断应用于胎儿心脏畸形中的诊断价值及具体分型情况。方法:将2016年12月至2018年7月收治的100例心脏畸形的胎儿作为研究对象,采用病例资料回顾的方式概括并分析超声诊断结果和具体临床分型。结果:经超声诊断提示心脏单一结构畸形42例,心脏联合畸形55例,非结构性心脏畸形3例。心脏畸形轻度36例,出生后须紧急特殊处理病例13例,重症心脏畸形但通过治疗可根治病例23例,复杂心脏畸形且无法根治28例。结论:超声诊断胎儿心脏畸形能够帮助医师正确评估病情。     

低、高频探头超声联合在急性阑尾炎诊断中的应用

目的:探讨低、高频探头超声联合在急性阑尾炎诊断中的应用价值。方法:回顾分析本院在2018年6月至2019年5月期间接收并进行手术治疗的90例急性阑尾炎患者(90例患者均经过病理检查,确诊为急性阑尾炎)的临床资料,所有患者在手术之前均采用低、高频探头超声联合方案进行诊断,评估其诊断的正确率。结果:对90例经过病理检查确诊为急性阑尾炎患者的临床资料进行分析,超声共检出急性阑尾炎85例,诊断符合率为94.44%,其中单纯性阑尾炎55例,超声检出52例,诊断符合率为94.54%,化脓性阑尾炎20例,超声检出19例,诊断符合率为95.00%,坏疽性阑尾炎15例,超声检出14例,诊断符合率为93.33%。结论:在急性阑尾炎的诊断当中,采用低、高频探头超声联合诊断方案,可以显著提高诊断的正确率,值得临床推广。     

准实时高强度聚焦超声背向散射积分监控成像

提出一种基于超声背向散射积分(IBS)参数估计的减影成像方法,用于检测高强度聚焦超声(HIFU)治疗过程中的组织损伤.在构建的HIFU/B超准实时治疗监控成像系统上,进行了离体猪肝组织实验.得到了不同组织深度下,IBS值随治疗时间的增加而变化的情况,以及不同治疗时间的IBS减影图像.比较了两种获得减影图像的方法,讨论了空化效应对IBS值的影响.此外还采用了一种双向彩色编码模式用以识别组织运动伪像.结果表明,IBS值能够较好地检测组织的损伤,还能一定程度地反映空化效应的情况,采用时间相邻的序列减影图像的叠加所获得的减影图像效果较好,双向彩色编码模式能够较有效地识别组织运动伪像.