控制饱和约束下的自主水面船编队

针对含模型不确定与海洋环境干扰的自主水面船编队时的控制饱和约束问题,提出了一种基于广义饱和函数的编队控制算法.首先,采用虚拟领航–跟随编队策略,并基于反步法以及更为通用的广义饱和函数设计了编队控制器,突破了采用特定饱和函数的局限性.再针对自主水面船的特点,利用单隐层神经网络对模型不确定和海洋环境干扰进行了在线逼近.然后根据Lyapouv稳定性理论证明了闭环系统所有状态的有界性,并可通过选择合适的设计参数使跟踪误差为任意小.最后,通过对比仿真结果验证了本文所提出的抗饱和编队控制算法的有效性.     

Robust differential game guidance laws design for uncertain interceptor-target engagement via adaptive dynamic programming

In this paper, the problem of intercepting a maneuvering target is formulated as a two-player zero-sum differential game framework affected by matched uncertainties. By introducing an appropriate cost function that reflects the uncertainties, the robust control is transformed into a two-player zero-sum differential game control problem and therefore ensures the compensation of the matched uncertainties. Additionally, the corresponding Hamilton--Jacobi--Isaacs (HJI) equation is solved by constructing a critic neural network (NN). The closed-loop system and the critic NN weight estimation error are proved to be uniform ultimate boundedness (UUB) by utilising Lyapunov approach. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed robust guidance law is demonstrated by using a nonlinear two-dimensional kinematics, assuming first-order dynamics for the interceptor and the target.     

A position/force control for a robot finger with soft tip and uncertain kinematics

We consider the position and force regulation problem for a soft tip robot finger in contact with a rigid surface under kinematic and dynamic parametric uncertainties. The reproducing force is assumed to be related to the displacement through a nonlinear function whose characteristics are unknown, but both the actual displacement and force can be directly measured. Kinematic uncertainties concern the rigid surface orientation and the contact point location. Kinematic parameters involved in the contact point location concern the length from the last joint to the contact point and the rest of the link lengths in the general case. An adaptive controller with a composite update parameter law is proposed, and the asymptotic stability of the force and estimated position errors under dynamic and kinematic uncertainties is shown for the planar case. Simulation results for a three‐degrees‐of‐freedom planar robotic finger are presented. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

Force/Position Regulation for a Robot in Compliant Contact Using Adaptive Surface Slope Identification

This work proposes a control law for the force position regulation problem under surface kinematic uncertainties. A compliant contact with friction is considered. The control law achieves exact regulation of force and position along the surface tangent by identifying the uncertain surface slope without any force, tactile and/or vision sensory requirements. The asymptotic stability of the closed loop system equilibrium point is proved in a local sense and is demonstrated by a simulation example.     

欠驱动船舶神经网络自适应路径跟踪控制

针对模型参数未知的欠驱动船舶路径跟踪问题,将神经网络技术与反演设计法相结合,提出一种神经网络稳定自适应控制方法。首先根据运动学误差方程和线性变换确定辅助的前进速度和艏摇角,然后利用神经网络逼近技术对模型中任意不确定因素进行补偿,设计自适应控制律,使得实际的前进速度和艏摇角分别收敛到辅助值。应用Lyapunov函数证明了船舶路径跟踪闭环系统的误差信号最终一致有界。仿真结果表明,利用设计的控制律可以迫使欠驱动船舶跟踪曲线和直线路径,并且具有较强的鲁棒性。     

风浪流干扰及参数不确定欠驱动船舶航迹跟踪的滑模鲁棒控制

针对欠驱动船舶的模型参数不确定和外界风浪流干扰问题,为实现水平面的航迹跟踪控制,提出了一种基于上下界的滑模控制方法.首先利用反步法将控制器的设计分解为运动学回路和动力学回路.其次,在运动学回路中为实现位置跟踪误差的收敛,根据期望航迹与当前位置信息,设计船舶的纵向与侧移参考速度,并视为镇定位置误差的虚拟控制律;在动力学回路中,将虚拟控制律作为新的跟踪目标,利用滑模方法设计实际控制律实现对参考速度的跟踪控制,最终实现了欠驱动船舶的跟踪控制.最后对有无干扰下的欠驱动船模分别进行了仿真实验,仿真结果证明了控制律的有效性.     

高速列车非线性系统的分数阶有限时间控制器设计

针对具有输入非线性,不确定的气动阻力,未知的车间力,外部扰动以及未知的执行器故障等特征的高速列车非线性系统,结合分数阶稳定性原理以及有限时间控制理论,本文设计了一种分数阶有限时间控制器以实现高速列车更快速且更高精度的跟踪控制.该控制器能够直接补偿高速列车的不确定性和非线性以及执行器故障而不需任何"试错"过程,且稳定时间...     

Tracking and force control for a class of robotic manipulators

The increasing utilization of robotic manipulators in industrial tasks, such as assembly, forming or shaping of surfaces, and handling hazardous materials, depends greatly on available hybrid force and position control schemes. Since the robot and its environment are often subject to parameter uncertainties that cannot be neglected, it is necessary to design controllers that are robust with respect to these uncertainties. In addition, the dynamics of the robot are nonlinear, requiring consideration of nonlinear control concepts. Another aspect to be taken into account is the relative stiffness of the robot, the force sensor, and the manipulated surface. That is, the behavior of the system normal to the surface is relatively stiff, while that tangential to the surface is relatively free. Separation of the controller for these two directions is therefore indicated. We propose a controller design that accounts for this point of view and demonstrate its efficacy with respect to robustness and accuracy of position and force tracking by means of numerical simulations. The design is based on the control concept of Corless and Leitmann [l]. The example considered is a Manutecr3 robot with three degrees of freedom. In addition, we account for the dynamics of the actuator, which also possesses three degrees of freedom. The considered parameter uncertainties are friction moments in the links and friction between the end effector and the manipulated object, as well as nonlinear dynamics, which are difficult to characterize.Recommended by J. Skowronski     

Robust stabilization of mimo nonlinear time-varying mismatched uncertain systems

This paper considers the problem of robust stabilization of multi-input-multi-output (MIMO) nonlinear systems in the presence of mismatched time-varying uncertainties. Combining the differential geometric feedback linearization with the deterministic approach, it derives two robust stabilizing controllers i.e. the high-gain feedback controller and the variable structure controller. These two controllers only require the knowledge of the nominal system and the bounds of the uncertainties. Therefore, they are more feasible to be implemented. Both controllers reduce the effects of arbitrarily large bounded mismatched uncertainties successfully to achieve uniform ultimate boundedness stabilization of the MIMO nonlinear timevarying uncertain systems.     

Adaptive robust motion/force control of holonomic-constrained nonholonomic mobile manipulators.

In this paper, adaptive robust force/motion control strategies are presented for mobile manipulators under both holonomic and nonholonomic constraints in the presence of uncertainties and disturbances. The proposed control is robust not only to parameter uncertainties such as mass variations but also to external ones such as disturbances. The stability of the closed-loop system and the boundedness of tracking errors are proved using Lyapunov stability synthesis. The proposed control strategies guarantee that the system motion converges to the desired manifold with prescribed performance and the bounded constraint force. Simulation results validate that the motion of the system converges to the desired trajectory, and the constraint force converges to the desired force.     

performance control of robot manipulators with kinematics,dynamics and actuator uncertainties

This paper deals with the task‐space trajectory tracking control problem of robot manipulators. An improved adaptive backstepping controller is proposed to deal with the uncertainties in kinematics, dynamics, and actuator modeling. To avoid the explosion of computation in conventional backstepping techniques, a modified dynamic surface control algorithm is proposed, which guarantees the asymptotic convergence rather than the uniformly ultimately boundedness of tracking errors in conventional dynamic surface control methods. Furthermore, the expression of the norm of tracking errors is explicitly derived in relation to the controller parameters, which provides instructions on tuning controller parameters to adjust the system performance. Moreover, the passivity structure of the designed adaptation law is thoroughly analyzed. Simulation of a free‐floating space robot is used to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy in comparison with the conventional tracking control schemes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Transparent bilateral teleoperation interacting with unknown remote surfaces with a force/velocity observer design

A master–slave teleoperation system is considered, in which the slave manipulator is interacting with a rigid surface with unknown geometry. It is assumed that neither force nor velocity measurements at the slave side are available. To deal with this problem, an extended-state high-gain observer is proposed to estimate in an arbitrary close manner the velocity and force signals. At the same time, the gradient vector for the remote surface is online estimated and employed into an hybrid position/force controller based on the orthogonal decomposition of the task space. A formal proof is presented, which guarantees ultimate boundedness of the state of the system, with arbitrarily small ultimate bound. Furthermore, it is established the transparency of the teleoperation system that, roughly speaking, gives the human operator the sensation of being interacting directly with the remote surface. The proposed scheme is validated through numerical simulations and experiments.     

基于高增益观测器的船舶动力定位系统的输出反馈控制

针对动力定位船舶的速度向量不可测的问题, 考虑外部环境扰动, 将高增益观测器、动态面控制技术和矢量backstepping方法相结合, 设计仅依赖于船舶位置和艏摇角测量值的船舶动力定位系统输出反馈控制律. 动态面控制技术的引入, 使控制律结构简单, 易于工程实现. 应用Lyapunov函数证明了所设计的控制律能迫使船舶的位置和艏摇角收敛于期望值, 并保证船舶动力定位输出反馈闭环系统所有信号均一致最终有界. 基于一艘供给船的仿真研究验证了所设计的基于高增益观测器的船舶动力定位输出反馈控制律的有效性.     

船舶航向非线性系统鲁棒跟踪控制

对船舶航向非线性系统, 提出了一种基于神经网络方法的鲁棒跟踪控制器. 系统由船舶运动非线性响应模型和舵机伺服系统串联构成, 其中运动响应模型考虑了建模误差和外界干扰力等非匹配不确定性. 对建模误差和期望舵角的一阶导数项应用在线二层神经网络予以辨识和补偿, 不确定性干扰项处理应用L2增益设计. 采用Lyapunov函数递推法, 得到包括神经网络权值算法在内的跟踪控制器. 跟踪误差和神经网络权值误差的一致终值有界性保证了系统的鲁棒稳定性, 合理的控制器参数选择保证了控制精度. 仿真结果验证了控制器的有效性.     

Robust adaptive control of a class of nonlinear strict-feedback discrete-time systems with exact output tracking

In this paper, adaptive control is studied for a class of single-input–single-output (SISO) nonlinear discrete-time systems in strict-feedback form with nonparametric nonlinear uncertainties of the Lipschitz type. To eliminate the effect of the nonparametric uncertainties in an unmatched manner, a novel future states prediction is designed using states information at previous steps to compensate for the effect of uncertainties at the current step. Utilizing the predicted future states, constructive adaptive control is developed to compensate for the effects of both parametric and nonparametric uncertainties such that global stability and asymptotical output tracking is achieved. The effectiveness of the proposed control law is demonstrated in the simulation.     

Adaptive dynamic surface control of flexible-joint robots using self-recurrent wavelet neural networks.

A new method for the robust control of flexible-joint (FJ) robots with model uncertainties in both robot dynamics and actuator dynamics is proposed. The proposed control system is a combination of the adaptive dynamic surface control (DSC) technique and the self-recurrent wavelet neural network (SRWNN). The adaptive DSC technique provides the ability to overcome the "explosion of complexity" problem in backstepping controllers. The SRWNNs are used to observe the arbitrary model uncertainties of FJ robots, and all their weights are trained online. From the Lyapunov stability analysis, their adaptation laws are induced, and the uniformly ultimately boundedness of all signals in a closed-loop adaptive system is proved. Finally, simulation results for a three-link FJ robot are utilized to validate the good position tracking performance and robustness against payload uncertainties and external disturbances of the proposed control system.     

Adaptive Robust Control for a Lower Limbs Rehabilitation Robot Running Under Passive Training Mode

This paper focuses on the problem of the adaptive robust control of a lower limbs rehabilitation robot (LLRR) that is a nonlinear system running under passive training mode. In reality, uncertainties including modeling error, initial condition deviation, friction force and other unknown external disturbances always exist in a LLRR system. So, it is necessary to consider the uncertainties in the unilateral man-machine dynamical model of the LLRR we described. In the dynamical model, uncertainties are (possibly fast) time-varying and bounded. However, the bounds are unknown. Based on the dynamical model, we design an adaptive robust control with an adaptive law that is leakage type based and on the framework of Udwadia-Kalaba theory to compensate for the uncertainties and to realize tracking control of the LLRR. Furthermore, the effectiveness of designed control is shown with numerical simulations.      

Robust scheme of global parallel force/position regulators for robot manipulators under environment uncertainty

A simple robust scheme of parallel force/position control is proposed in this paper to deal with two problems for non-planar constraint surface and nonlinear mechanical feature of environment： i） uncertainties in environment that are usually not available or difficult to be determined in most practical situations; ii） stability problem or/and integrator windup due to the integration of force error in the force dominance rule in parallel force/position control. It shows that this robust scheme is a good alternative for anti-windup. In the presence of environment uncertainties, global asymptotic stability of the resulting closed-loop system is guaranteed; it environment with complex characteristics. Finally, numerical robot manipulator. also shows robustness of the proposed controller to uncertain simulation verifies results via contact task of a two rigid-links     

Robust scheme of global parallel force/position regulators for robot manipulators under environment uncertainty

A simple robust scheme of parallel force/position control is proposed in this paper to deal with two problems for non-planar constraint surface and nonlinear mechanical feature of environment: i) uncertainties in environment that are usually not available or difficult to be determined in most practical situations; ii) stability problem or/and integrator windup due to the integration of force error in the force dominance rule in parallel force/position control. It shows that this robust scheme is a good alternative for anti-windup. In the presence of environment uncertainties, global asymptotic stability of the resulting closed-loop system is guaranteed; it also shows robustness of the proposed controller to uncertain environment with complex characteristics. Finally, numerical simulation verifies results via contact task of a two rigid-links robot manipulator.     

Robust Position Stabilization of Underactuated Surface Vessels With Unknown Modeling Parameters Via Simple P/D‐Like Feedback: The Center Manifold Approach

In this work, two smooth time‐invariant control laws are proposed to achieve asymptotic position stabilization of underactuated surface vessels despite modeling parameter uncertainties. The proposed control laws take a strikingly simple linear proportional derivative (PD)‐like feedback form or just a simplest proportional (P)‐like one, where the former relies on measuring the relative position error and surge/yaw velocity and the latter relies on measuring only the relative position error, decreasing or minimizing the sensing cost. The stabilities of the closed‐loop systems for the both control laws are strictly proved via the center manifold approach despite the unknown model parameters. The effectiveness of the proposed control laws is verified by simulation examples.