中国出台进出口食品包装新规

食品包装安全卫生已受到越来越广泛的重视。2005年1至10月,欧盟向我国通报了54起食品包装及接触材料的安全卫生问题。2005年7月1日,欧委会健康和消费者保护总司司长马德林专门就我国出口欧盟与食品接触材料频繁被检出安全卫生问题致函我国驻欧盟大使,提出如果中方不在7月底前采取有效措施,将对中国的此类产品采取进一步措施。食品包装及接触材料已经成为发达国家设立技术壁垒的新领域。近年来,欧盟、美国、日本等对直接与食品接触的包装及包装材料都制定了详细的法规。如FDA长期以来遵循的美国联邦法规,详细规定了各种与食品直接或间接接触的包装材料及其中所使用的各项物质的要求。欧盟在2004年新拟定的草案“食品接触物质超级指令”则进一步综合了过去所有与食品接触物质相关的旧法规,使其成为欧盟对食品包装材料最主要而且最具影响力的新法规。     

申报QS:企业应注意什么

<正>食品质量安全市场准入制度的核心内容,首先是食品生产加工企业必须具备保证产品质量的必备条件,获得食品质量安全生产许可证后,方可生产加工食品。《食品生产许可证》有效期一般为3年。     

A review on colorimetric indicators for monitoring product freshness in intelligent food packaging: Indicator dyes,preparation methods,and applications

Intelligent food packaging system exhibits enhanced communication function by providing dynamic product information to various stakeholders (e.g., consumers, retailers, distributors) in the supply chain. One example of intelligent packaging involves the use of colorimetric indicators, which when subjected to external stimuli (e.g., moisture, gas/vapor, electromagnetic radiation, temperature), display discernable color changes that can be correlated with real-time changes in product quality. This type of interactive packaging system allows continuous monitoring of product freshness during transportation, distribution, storage, and marketing phases. This review summarizes the colorimetric indicator technologies for intelligent packaging systems, emphasizing on the types of indicator dyes, preparation methods, applications in different food products, and future considerations. Both food and nonfood indicator materials integrated into various carriers (e.g., paper-based substrates, polymer films, electrospun fibers, and nanoparticles) with material properties optimized for specific applications are discussed, targeting perishable products, such as fresh meat and fishery products. Colorimetric indicators can supplement the traditional “Best Before” date label by providing real-time product quality information to the consumers and retailers, thereby not only ensuring product safety, but also promising in reducing food waste. Successful scale-up of these intelligent packaging technologies to the industrial level must consider issues related to regulatory approval, consumer acceptance, cost-effectiveness, and product compatibility.     

基于生物可降解材料的活性包装在熟肉制品中的应用进展

肉制品不仅营养丰富,而且是微生物的良好生长介质。在贮藏运输过程中科学合理的包装方式能够有效抑制肉制品的腐败变质,从而保证肉制品品质。活性包装作为目前迅速发展的新技术之一,在驱除氧气、控制二氧化碳含量、抗氧化和抑菌方面已取得一定的研究成果,并在肉制品加工产业中得到应用。同时可降解的环保材料能够减少塑料污染,符合绿色生态环保的发展理念,并有助于实现食品包装产业的可持续发展。本文综述了基于生物可降解材料的活性包装在肉制品加工产业中的应用现状,以及该类活性包装对熟肉制品货架期、脂肪氧化和蛋白氧化等品质的影响及其机制,以期推进活性包装在熟肉制品中的应用并为相关研究提供理论指导。     

肉与肉制品常见的安全卫生问题及对策

本文从微生物污染、肉品中残留的有毒有害物以及包装材料中出现的安全隐患等几个方面介绍了肉与肉制品中出现的常见安全卫生问题,并且针对这些问题提出了解决肉及肉制品常见安全卫生的相应对策。     

Understanding critical factors for the quality and shelf-life of MAP fresh meat: a review

Due to increased demands for greater stringency in relation to hygiene and safety issues associated with fresh food products, coupled with ever-increasing demands by retailers for cost-effective extensions to product shelf-lives and the requirement to meet consumer expectations in relation to convenience and quality, the food packaging industry has rapidly developed to meet and satisfy expectations. One of the areas of research that has shown promise, and had success, is modified atmosphere packaging (MAP). The success of MAP-fresh meat depends on many factors including good initial product quality, good hygiene from the source plants, correct packaging material selection, the appropriate gas mix for the product, reliable packaging equipment, and maintenance of controlled temperatures and humidity levels. Advances in plastic materials and equipment have propelled advances in MAP, but other technological and logistical considerations are needed for successful MAP systems for raw chilled meat. Although several parameters critical for the quality of MA packed meat have been studied and each found to be crucial, understanding of the interactions between the parameters is needed. This review was undertaken to present the most comprehensive and current overview of the widely available, scattered information about the various integrated critical factors responsible for the quality and shelf life of MA packed meat with an interest to stimulate further research to optimize different quality parameters.     

Antimicrobial food packaging in meat industry

Antimicrobial packaging, an active packaging concept, can be considered an extremely challenging technology that could have a significant impact on shelf-life extension and food safety of meat and meat products. Use of antimicrobial substances can control the microbial population and target specific microorganisms to provide higher safety and quality products. Many classes of antimicrobial compounds have been evaluated in film structures, both synthetic polymers and edible films: organic acids and their salts, enzymes, bacteriocins, and miscellaneous compounds such as triclosan, silver zeolites, and fungicides. The characteristics of some antimicrobial packaging systems are reviewed in this article. The regulatory status of antimicrobial packaging in EU is also examined.     

肉制品包装研究进展

加工后的肉制品由于微生物污染、脂类物质氧化、肌红蛋白褐变等原因而导致败坏,必须对肉制品进行包装。本文综述了肉制品包装中存在的问题以及肉制品包装的研究进展。     

包装技术在肉制品保鲜中的研究进展

肉制品包装是保障肉制品质量和延长货架期的重要手段。随着消费者对肉制品质量要求的不断提高,现代食品包装技术的重要性日益突出。因此,肉制品包装技术的开发与创新是肉品行业的发展趋势。本文综述了真空包装、气调包装、活性包装以及智能包装在肉制品保鲜领域的研究进展,提出肉制品保鲜包装技术目前存在的问题以及发展趋势,以期为我国未来肉制品包装技术的研发和应用提供参考依据。     

肉制品货架寿命影响因素研究

包装材料、包装技术、添加剂(防腐剂、保鲜剂和抗氧化剂)是影响肉制品货架寿命的主要因素。研究了新型包装材料、先进的包装技术、天然食品添加剂在延长肉制品货架寿命中的应用,为保藏肉制品提供了有价值的参考。     

Past, current and potential utilisation of active and intelligent packaging systems for meat and muscle-based products: A review

Interest in the use of active and intelligent packaging systems for meat and meat products has increased in recent years. Active packaging refers to the incorporation of additives into packaging systems with the aim of maintaining or extending meat product quality and shelf-life. Active packaging systems discussed include oxygen scavengers, carbon dioxide scavengers and emitters, moisture control agents and anti-microbial packaging technologies. Intelligent packaging systems are those that monitor the condition of packaged foods to give information regarding the quality of the packaged food during transport and storage. The potential of sensor technologies, indicators (including integrity, freshness and time-temperature (TTI) indicators) and radio frequency identification (RFID) are evaluated for potential use in meat and meat products. Recognition of the benefits of active and intelligent packaging technologies by the food industry, development of economically viable packaging systems and increased consumer acceptance is necessary for commercial realisation of these packaging technologies.     

MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE AND VACUUM PACKAGING OF MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS

Extension of the shelf-life of meat and poultry products is one of the technology needs to meet the demands of consumers. In this respect, increasing attention is put on packaging techniques. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and vacuum packaging (VP) are recent innovations that have been gaining importance as preservation techniques to improve the shelf-life of meat and poultry. MAP provides alterations of atmospheric gas concentrations in the pack. Controlled atmosphere (CA) packaging is also MAP, wherein the selected atmospheric concentration of gas is actively maintained throughout the storage period. In VP, air is completely removed. The three principal gases used in MAP are carbon dioxide (to inhibit bacteria and moulds), nitrogen (to avoid oxidation of fats and pack collapse), and oxygen (to prevent anaerobic growth). Retention of meat color is better in MAP than in VP. However, color is regained when meat is removed from VP packets and exposed to air. Microbial profiles of MAP- and VP-meat do not differ significantly. MAP offers several unique advantages for retaining the desirable market quality of products. The safety of MAP meat is still a concern under temperature abuse conditions but it can be improved by coupling with hurdle technology and proper preservation systems. Active packaging is a significant area of advancement of MAP technology to further improve the safety of meat and poultry products. This contribution critically reviews the existing knowledge on MAP and VP of meat and poultry in order to broaden our understanding of the subject and to suggest further areas of research to effectively use these technologies for marketing safe meat and poultry products.     

MODIFIED ATMOSPHERE AND VACUUM PACKAGING OF MEAT AND POULTRY PRODUCTS

Extension of the shelf-life of meat and poultry products is one of the technology needs to meet the demands of consumers. In this respect, increasing attention is put on packaging techniques. Modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) and vacuum packaging (VP) are recent innovations that have been gaining importance as preservation techniques to improve the shelf-life of meat and poultry. MAP provides alterations of atmospheric gas concentrations in the pack. Controlled atmosphere (CA) packaging is also MAP, wherein the selected atmospheric concentration of gas is actively maintained throughout the storage period. In VP, air is completely removed. The three principal gases used in MAP are carbon dioxide (to inhibit bacteria and moulds), nitrogen (to avoid oxidation of fats and pack collapse), and oxygen (to prevent anaerobic growth). Retention of meat color is better in MAP than in VP. However, color is regained when meat is removed from VP packets and exposed to air. Microbial profiles of MAP- and VP-meat do not differ significantly. MAP offers several unique advantages for retaining the desirable market quality of products. The safety of MAP meat is still a concern under temperature abuse conditions but it can be improved by coupling with hurdle technology and proper preservation systems. Active packaging is a significant area of advancement of MAP technology to further improve the safety of meat and poultry products. This contribution critically reviews the existing knowledge on MAP and VP of meat and poultry in order to broaden our understanding of the subject and to suggest further areas of research to effectively use these technologies for marketing safe meat and poultry products.     

ω‐3 in meat products: benefits and effects on lipid oxidative stability

Although ω‐3 intake has been associated with numerous health benefits, its addition to certain food matrices, and in particular meat products, may involve various technological barriers influencing the final quality of the products. Lipid oxidation must be highlighted due to the modification of both the sensory characteristics and the shelf‐life of meat products. In order to reduce the impact of chemical changes and promote oxidative stability, the use of natural antioxidants has gained ground owing to the health and safety advantages linked to its effectiveness at reducing lipid oxidation. Many natural compounds have also been successfully tested in animal feed, in order to protect the raw meat materials and reduce the risk of lipid oxidation in processed products. This review aims to address the challenges and advantages of the incorporation of ω‐3 fatty acids in raw meat materials and processed meat products, and to describe the use of different compounds to enhance lipid oxidative stability. © 2015 Society of Chemical Industry     

食品智能包装新鲜度指示剂研究进展

作为智能包装不可缺少的一部分——新鲜度指示剂,通过指示敏感材料与食品腐败过程中产生的特定产物发生反应,并将反应结果转换成易于消费者直接观察和判断的信号,如:颜色信号、电信号、荧光信号等,为消费者提供实时质量监控信息,有效满足市场对食品品质监控特别是对各种易变质食品例如乳制品、肉类和水果蔬菜等新鲜度评估的需求,不断朝着更安全、高级智能和绿色食品新鲜度指示剂包装的方向进行探索。本文综述了食品智能包装新鲜度指示剂的分类,包括CO₂敏感型指示剂、总挥发性盐基氮敏感型指示剂、pH敏感型指示剂及其成型工艺,涵盖了食品智能包装新鲜度指示剂的应用,旨在为食品智能包装新鲜度指示剂的发展提供参考。     

肉类食品科学应用性研究——兼国际肉类科技大会(ICoMST)介绍

肉类食品科学是一门应用性很强的学科,了解和借鉴国际前沿研究动态,可以促进我国肉类行业更好更快地发展。本文从肉类生产、质量与营养、加工和包装、食品安全四个方面,简单概括了最近几年国际肉类食品科学领域的应用性研究热点,并介绍了该领域的国际交流与合作(国际肉类科技大会)的情况,以及即将于8月份召开的第56届国际肉类科技大会。     

中国白酒生态化包装材料的研究进展

中国白酒包装的突破和发展很大程度上取决于包装材料的创新和升级,白酒包装要实现生态化包装,首先必须选用生态包装材料。文章综述中国白酒包装材料生态化的必要性和基本特性、分类及发展趋势,实现白酒包装材料的生态化,有利于促进消费者的健康和保护生态环境。白酒生态化包装材料的4大基本特性为:优良的产品保护特性,优良的加工使用特性,优良的视觉设计特性,优良的回收利用特性。白酒生态化包装材料可分为3类:可直接自然降解的材料,可回收再循环利用的材料,可回收再制能降解的材料。白酒包装将进入生态包装阶段,包装材料生态化的发展趋势体现在安全无毒化、简朴原生态化、纳米功能化、用材轻量化、塑料可降解化、资源再利用化等6个方面。     

脉冲强光杀菌技术在食品及包装材料中应用研究进展

脉冲强光是一种高效、环保的新型非热杀菌技术,在食品领域具有巨大的发展潜力。本文综述了脉冲强光技术的杀菌机理及其在果蔬、肉制品、乳制品、食品包装材料等领域中的应用,脉冲强光与其他保鲜技术的耦合效果,脉冲强光技术在食品工业中的应用实例以及脉冲强光使用的安全性。脉冲强光不仅能广泛杀灭多种致病菌而且基本不改变各类食品及食品包材的各项性质,在提高食品安全性和延长食品保质期方面有巨大的应用潜力,脉冲强光与其他保鲜技术的耦合与单一保鲜技术相比在杀菌效果、感官品质、营养素含量的保留等方面也都具有更好的效果。本文为研究者进一步了解脉冲强光杀菌技术、拓展其应用领域提供理论参考。     

肉及肉制品的包装

详细介绍了肉及肉制品的包装工艺、包装方法和常用包装材料,强调了包装的重要意义.     

Novel approaches in improving the quality and safety aspects of processed meat products through high pressure processing technology - A review

BackgroundIn recent years, there has been growing consumer demand for the minimally processed and chemical additives free Ready-To-Eat (RTE) healthier meat products. On the other hand processed and RTE meat products have been notified as the primary cause for food borne outbreaks in different countries that commonly associated with emerging pathogens such as Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes and Escherichia coli species.Scope and approachHigh pressure processing (HPP) has been renewed as a best non-thermal intervention for extending the shelf-life and safety of RTE meat products without altering the sensory and nutritional properties. Meat products are complex medium with different physical and chemical compositions that influence the lethality of the microorganisms during HPP. Using high pressure levels (above 600 MPa) for complete sterility of meat products may not be economically feasible more over it may negatively affect the product quality characteristics. The present review aimed to explore the recent research investigations addressed the multi hurdle approaches to increase the effectiveness of HPP at lower processing levels in order to reduce the processing costs and to improve the safety and quality of processed meat products.Key findings and conclusionsThe combination of natural antimicrobials (plant bioactive compounds and bacteriocins) and antioxidants (plant phenolic compounds) as additional hurdles through different mechanisms (active and intelligent packaging) during HPP can definitely be an effective and innovative intervention in ensuring the complete safety of processed meat products. Moreover, the development of low salt meat products with optimum quality attributes can be highly possible through HPP technology.