共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
P. K. Chaviaropoulos 《风能》1999,2(2):99-112
The scope of this article is to investigate the aeroelastic stability of wind turbine blade sections subjected to combined flap/lead–lag motion. The work is motivated by recent concern about destructive ‘edgewise' vibrations of modern, half‐megawatt‐scale, blades. The aeroelastic governing equations derive from the combination of a spring–mass–damper equivalent of the structure and a ‘non‐stationary' aerodynamic model. The aerodynamic model used in the present context is the differential dynamic stall model developed at ONERA. The resulting equations of motion are linearized and their stability characteristics are investigated in terms of the system entries, expressed through suitable, non‐dimensional, structural and aerodynamic parameters. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
2.
Wind turbine resonant vibrations are investigated based on aeroelastic simulations both in frequency and time domain. The investigation focuses on three different aspects: the need of a precise modeling when a wind turbine is operating close to resonant conditions; the importance of estimating wind turbine loads also at low turbulence intensity wind conditions to identify the presence of resonances; and the wind turbine response because of external excitations. In the first analysis, three different wind turbine models are analysed with respect to the frequency and damping of the aeroelastic modes. Fatigue loads on the same models are then investigated with two different turbulence intensities to analyse the wind turbine response. In the second analysis, a wind turbine model is excited with an external force. This analysis helps in identifying the modes that might be excited, and therefore, the frequencies at which minimal excitation should be present during operations. The study shows that significant edgewise blade vibrations can occur on modern wind turbines even if the aeroelastic damping of the edgewise modes is positive. When operating close to resonant conditions, small differences in the modeling can have a large influence on the vibration level. The edgewise vibrations are less visible in high turbulent conditions. Using simulations with low‐level turbulence intensity will ease this identification and could avoid a redesign. Furthermore, depending on the external excitation, different aeroelastic modes can be excited. The investigation is performed using aeroelastic models corresponding to a 1.5 MW class wind turbine with slight variations in blade properties. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
3.
An axisymmetric Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes solver is used along with an actuator disk model for the analysis of shrouded wind turbine flowfields. Following this, an efficient blade design technique that maximizes sectional power production is developed. These two techniques are incorporated into an optimization framework that seeks to design the geometry of the shroud and rotor to extract maximum power under thrust constraints. The optimal solution is also evaluated using a full three‐dimensional Reynolds averaged Navier–Stokes solver, suggesting the viability of the design. The predicted optimal designs yield power augmentations well in excess of the Betz limit, even if the normalization of the power coefficient is performed with respect to the maximum shroud area. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
M. H. Hansen 《风能》2003,6(2):179-195
Stall‐induced edgewise blade vibrations have occasionally been observed on three‐bladed wind turbines over the last decade. Experiments and numerical simulations have shown that these blade vibrations are related to certain vibration modes of the turbines. A recent experiment with a 600 kW turbine has shown that a backward whirling mode associated with edgewise blade vibrations is less aerodynamically damped than the corresponding forward whirling mode. In this article the mode shapes of the particular turbine are analysed, based on a simplified turbine model described in a multi‐blade formulation. It is shown that the vibrations of the blades for the backward and forward edgewise whirling modes are different, which can explain the measured difference in aerodynamic damping. The modal dynamics of the entire turbine is important for stability assessments; blade‐only analysis can be misleading. In some cases the modal dynamics may even be improved to avoid stall‐induced vibrations. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
5.
ERICH HAU 《国际可持续能源杂志》2013,32(1-4):201-209
At the present time, the commercial use of wind energy for electricity production is based on series produced wind energy turbines with power ratings up to approximately 500 kW. In a good wind regime turbines of this kind can achieve energy production costs near to conventional generating costs. Very large wind energy conveners in the megawatt range have been under development for about 15 years, but as yet their commercial contribution is small. The European Commission has taken a coordinated initiative to support the development of large wind turbines in the Megawatt power range. In the R&D programmes JOULE and THERMIE a variety of projects are being developed and demonstrated. The aim is the availability of economic large wind turbines for commercial application. 相似文献
6.
7.
机组塔架地基基础设计软件（WTF软件）作为国内首款专业风电机组塔架地基基础设计软件,是我国第一本风电机组基础设计规范《风电机组地基基础设计规定（试行）》的配套、扩充,在当前的风电场建设中得到非常广泛的应用。结合WTF软件的计算原理,通过具体的工程算例,对目前风电场机组塔架基础设计中所存在的问题——圆形扩展基础的配筋计算,进行了简要的分析,以期为我国风电机组基础设计者提供帮助。 相似文献
8.
Semyung Park Matthew A. Lackner Pariya Pourazarm Arturo Rodríguez Tsouroukdissian John Cross‐Whiter 《风能》2019,22(11):1451-1471
The application of structural control to offshore wind turbines (OWTs) using tuned mass dampers (TMDs) has shown to be effective in reducing the system loads. The parameters of a magnetorheological (MR) damper modeled by the Bouc‐Wen model are modified to utilize it as a damping device of the TMD. Rather than showcasing the intricate design policy, this research focuses on the availability of the MR damper model on TMDs and its significance on structural control. The impact of passive and semiactive (S‐A) TMDs applied to both fixed bottom and floating OWTs is evaluated under the fatigue limit state (FLS) and the ultimate limit state (ULS). Different S‐A control logics based on the ground hook (GH) control policy are implemented, and the frequency response of each algorithm is investigated. It is shown that the performance of each algorithm varies according to the load conditions such as a normal operation and an extreme case. Fully coupled time domain simulations are conducted through a newly developed simulation tool, integrated into FASTv8. Compared with the passive TMD, it is shown that the S‐A TMD results in higher load reductions with smaller strokes under both the FLS and the ULS conditions. The S‐A TMD using displacement‐based GH control is capable of reducing the fore‐aft and side‐to‐side damage equivalent loads for the monopile by approximately 12% and 64%, respectively. The ultimate loadings at the tower base for the floating substructure are reduced by 9% with the S‐A TMD followed by inverse velocity‐based GH control (IVB‐GH). 相似文献
9.
An active tuned mass damper (ATMD) is employed for damping of tower vibrations of fixed offshore wind turbines, where the additional actuator force is controlled using feedback from the tower displacement and the relative velocity of the damper mass. An optimum tuning procedure equivalent to the tuning procedure of the passive tuned mass damper combined with a simple procedure for minimizing the control force is employed for determination of optimum damper parameters and feedback gain values. By time domain simulations conducted in an aeroelastic code, it is demonstrated that the ATMD can be used to further reduce the structural response of the wind turbine compared with the passive tuned mass damper and this without an increase in damper mass. A limiting factor of the design of the ATMD is the displacement of the damper mass, which for the ATMD, increases to compensate for the reduction in mass. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
针对经典的S809翼型,耦合基于低速预处理的流场求解方法和序列二次规划方法,开展针对翼型升阻比的翼型气动外形优化设计研究。优化结果显示优化翼型具有较大的翼型前缘半径和较平坦的上表面。数值计算结果表明,优化翼型在设计点1的状态下升阻比提高43.3%,在设计点2的状态下升阻比提高48.9%。进一步数值验证表明,优化翼型在雷诺数为5.0×105状态下的最大升力系数从S809翼型的1.140增大到1.297,在雷诺数为1.0×106状态下的最大升力系数从1.236增大到1.418。在优化翼型的基础上,开展翼型气动外形人工修型研究,数值模拟表明修型翼型能更好地消除气流分离,从而进一步增大翼型升力系数、减小翼型阻力系数。 相似文献
11.
Manuel Pusch;David Stockhouse;Nikhar Abbas;Mandar Phadnis;Lucy Pao; 《风能》2024,27(11):1286-1301
A versatile framework is introduced for determining optimal steady-state operating points for wind turbine control. The framework is based on solving constrained optimization problems at fixed wind speeds and allows for systematically studying required trade-offs and parameter sensitivities. It can be used as a basis for many control approaches, for example, to automatically compute optimal schedules for control inputs, steady-state operating points for model linearization, or reference values for tracking. Steady-state simulation results are obtained using full nonlinear models to consider complex effects caused by couplings from aerodynamics, structural dynamics, and possibly also hydrodynamics in the case of floating wind turbines. Focusing only on the steady-state response allows a fast and numerically robust optimization, which makes it especially attractive for co-design studies. The effectiveness of the framework is demonstrated on two offshore extreme-scale wind turbines, one floating and one fixed bottom. 相似文献
12.
基于粒子群算法编写风力机叶片优化程序,利用Matlab/Simulink接口嵌入到FAST主程序之中实现叶片优化程序与FAST之间的交互,以实现风力机最大发电功率为优化目标,完成风力机叶片气动外形的自动寻优。该方法可考虑实际海况及风力机搭载平台对叶片优化结果的影响,可同时考虑风向分布对优化结果的影响。NREL 5 MW风力机低风速下的优化结果表明,经过优化后的风力机功率提高1.5%。当考虑实际风力机布置海域风向分布情况时,加权优化结果表明风力机最大功率可提高3.8%。 相似文献
13.
We propose to make use of the hydraulic reservoir of a floating barge hydrostatic wind turbine (HWT) to suppress the pitch and roll motions of the barge by making the reservoir into a shape of an annular rectangular to serve as a bidirectional tuned liquid column damper (BTLCD). This means that we have made a barge‐motion damper with negligible extra costs as an HWT needs a reservoir for fluid storage anyway. The barge HWT simulation model is transformed from the NREL (National Renewable Energy Laboratory) 5‐MW geared equipped ITI Energy barge wind turbine model within the FAST (fatigue, aerodynamics, structures, and turbulence) code by replacing its drivetrain with a hydrostatic transmission drivetrain and incorporating the coupled dynamics of the barge‐reservoir system. We use 2 simplified turbine‐reservoir models to optimize the parameters of the BTLCD reservoir, which describe the pitch and roll motions of the turbine‐reservoir system, respectively. Simulation results based on the transformed NREL 5‐MW barge HWT model show that the optimal BTLCD reservoir is very effective in mitigating pitch and roll motions of the barge under realistic wind and wave excitations, which reduces the tower load and improves the power quality. 相似文献
14.
Most large‐eddy simulation studies related to wind energy have been carried out either by using a fixed pressure gradient to ensure that mean wind direction is perpendicular to the wind turbine rotor disk or by forcing the flow with a geostrophic wind and timely readjusting the turbines' orientation. This has not allowed for the study of wind farm characteristics with a time‐varying wind vector. In this paper, a new time‐adaptive wind turbine model for the large‐eddy simulation framework is introduced. The new algorithm enables the wind turbines to dynamically realign with the incoming wind vector and self‐adjust the yaw orientation with the incoming wind vector similar to real wind turbines. The performance of the new model is tested first with a neutrally stratified atmospheric flow forced with a time‐varying geostrophic wind vector. A posteriori, the new model is used to further explore the interaction between a synthetic time‐changing thermal atmospheric boundary layer and an embedded wind farm. Results show that there is significant potential power to be harvested during the unstable time periods at the cost of designing wind turbines capable of adapting to the enhanced variance of these periods. Stable periods provide less power but are more constant over time with an enhanced lateral shear induced by an increased change in wind direction with height. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
Vinit V. Dighe Gael de Oliveira Francesco Avallone Gerard J. W. van Bussel 《风能》2019,22(12):1655-1666
The complex aerodynamic interactions between the rotor and the duct has to be accounted for the design of ducted wind turbines (DWTs). A numerical study to investigate the characteristics of flow around the DWT using a simplified duct–actuator disc (AD) model is carried out. Inviscid and viscous flow calculations are performed to understand the effects of the duct shape and variable AD loadings on the aerodynamic performance coefficients. The analysis shows that the overall aerodynamic performance of the DWT can be increased by increasing the duct cross‐sectional camber. Finally, flow fields using viscous calculations are examined to interpret the effects of inner duct wall flow separation on the overall DWT performance. 相似文献
16.
17.
针对尾流效应在风电机组之间产生影响的问题,为了更加合理利用风能,增加风场的输出功率,在风场面积不变的前提下对风场内风电机组进行布局优化,根据风场实际仿真数据训练建立尾流风速场风速矢量计算模型和尾流影响区域风速计算误差函数,迭代计算尾流区域的风速矢量最优解;然后,基于改进粒子群算法对粒子群进行参数密度熵分簇优化,对不同种群进行寻优,计算出最优的风场布局排列,提高计算机的计算效率;最后,通过CFD生变化时,模型能够计算出尾流效应区域的风速矢量,仿真结果及分析证明模型和优化算法的正确性。 相似文献
18.
功率曲线是衡量和考核风电机组性能的重要技术指标,受设计、运行等各种因素影响,功率曲线一直难以满足行业及市场的标准考核要求。重点从机械测量误差、控制策略落后、气动性能变化这3个方面对功率曲线不达标进行原因分析,并通过校准叶片机械零度角、使用最小变桨角度、双比例积分(proportional integral,PI)转矩控制、修正仿真模型等措施,以问题风电机组为例进行仿真验证,实验结果表明上述措施能够提升机组功率曲线,极大改善机组的发电性能。 相似文献
19.
20.
为提高涡流发生器（VG）参数化模型计算精度,对参数化模型的应用方法进行研究。首先提出参数化模型在计算域作为源项而添加的位置和涡核半径取值方法。然后,采用考虑VG叶片间影响的最大涡环量算法,基于DU91-W2-250叶段,从不同VG间距、VG入流角、翼型攻角来比对参数化模型和实体模型的计算结果,来验证应用上述方法的可行性。结果表明：参数化模型、实体模型与试验数据吻合良好,证明了两种模拟方法精度较高;此外,在不同工况下,两种模型得到的速度矢量和边界层速度型都具有较高的一致性,证明参数化模拟方法有效,且在风力机叶片上具有普适性。 相似文献