Thermal Drying of Sewage Sludge

Over the next decade the UK will experience significant, imposed changes in the quantity of sewage sludge produced and in the means available for its disposal. Existing practices are being reappraised and new technologies are being explored to cope with a predicted 40% increase in the quantity for disposal. Thermal drying of sludge undoubtedly has a role to play in coping with this demand.
The two principal process types, i.e. direct and indirect heat application, are appraised in depth and a comparison is drawn. A case study is identified to examine the energy demands of the process, including the potential for heat recovery and for resource reuse. The environmental impact of a typical process is also examined.     

Current Technologies for Sludge Treatment and Disposal

This paper reviews the current sludge technologies and discusses likely future trends associated with those technologies. It describes the role of thickening, dewatering, pasteurization, stabilization, thermal destruction and product enhancement to satisfy environmental standards. Reference is made to technologies which, for decades, have been associated with sewage sludge but where market conditions have forced R and D initiatives to be introduced and commercialized.     

Developments in the Thermal Drying of Sewage Sludge

The application of heat to dried sewage sludge has been practised by the water industry for many years. Early technologies were effective but their utilization of energy was not so efficient. Other industries have faced up to this problem and, as a result, have developed thermal-drying techniques which are more efficient and therefore more cost effective. In recent years, the transfer of this technology to sewage-sludge drying has been taking place, and some companies have designed dryers specifically for this purpose. Commercial and legal pressures have also focused attention on the final product and its use in agriculture, horticulture, land reclamation, landfill, incineration, and as a substitute for fuel.
This paper reviews the work which has been undertaken to determine the changes which occur as sewage sludge is dried, and discusses the technology which is available at present. Factors influencing capital and operating costs and product choice are also included.     

国内外污泥热干燥工艺的应用进展及技术要点

介绍了国内外污泥干化设备的研究进展、常用工艺类型及其工作原理，分析了各种工艺设备的优、缺点及技术难点，归纳总结了污泥干燥设备选型和开发过程中的关键技术点。强调能耗和系统安全性是衡量污泥干燥设备的关键因素，其中能耗应从热源和干燥工艺两方面入手，采取相应的技术手段来降低热损失以提高干燥效率；对于污泥干燥设备安全性的控制，则应从降低粉尘浓度和含氧量两方面考虑。     

Treatment and Disposal of Sewage Sludge in the Mid-1990s

The paper reviews the current methods of sludge technology, and compares them with those discussed by Ashton in 1904. The paper also plots the development of some of the current technology over the last century, particularly those methods of treatment which were mentioned by Ashton but were not in existence at the time.
The 1990s have been a most interesting era, and have probably seen more changes in sludge technology than any other decade this century. The most significant impact will be due to the cessation of the sea disposal route which, at the beginning of the 1990s, was used for about 30% of the total sludge production in England and Wales and approximately 76% of the total sludge produced in Scotland.     

城市污水厂污泥处理与处置技术的新思路

分析了目前污泥处理、处置中存在的问题,通过对污泥特性的再认识和对原有技术路线的反思,提出以无害化为主导、在坚持“安全、环保”的原则下实现污泥的资源化是我国今后污泥处理与处置的新思路。在此基础上介绍了污泥焚烧技术,分析了污泥焚烧需解决的问题,指出污泥混合焚烧是其合理的处置途径。     

剩余污泥处理/处置方法的全球概览

随着全球经济的增长、人口的增加、资源的不断消耗，如何充分利用剩余污泥资源，使其变废为宝已成为当今世界环境保护领域的热点议题。污泥不再作为无用的废物经简单处理后丢弃，而是通过消化、堆肥、焚烧、热干化等方式处理后，尽可能使之成为可以循环利用的有效资源。以全球8个典型地区为例，阐述了各地区对污泥的管理政策、处置方法和处理技术，并介绍了不同国家和地区对剩余污泥处置的可持续发展观点和实践过程。在综合了各地区的经验后指出，消化→焚烧→灰分利用将是未来污泥处理／处置技术与管理的终极发展目标。     

桂林市污水处理厂污泥处置现状与展望

结合当前污泥处置技术及发展趋势,在分析桂林市各污水处理厂污泥特性的基础上,提出了桂林市污泥处置以高温好氧堆肥技术为路线,污泥首选土地利用,在不具备土地利用的条件下进行卫生填埋的发展方向。     

污水处理厂污泥处理与处置探索

嘉兴联合污水处理厂引进德国Passavant Roediger污泥脱水系统,脱水后的污泥含固率达45%。脱水污泥经干化后,运至邻近水泥厂作为水泥生产的原料而被综合利用。该厂污泥处理与处置的方法真正实现了污染物的零排放,具有经济可行性。     

重庆城市污水处理厂污泥处理处置方案选择

三峡库区重庆段污水处理厂产生的污泥由于工艺、管理、机制问题等原因,还没有得到较好的处置。就当前面临的主要问题分析了三峡库区污泥处理处置的必要性,并结合三峡库区自然及社会经济条件等实际情况,提出了污泥处理处置的合理方案。该方案在解决三峡库区污泥出路问题的同时兼顾了环境效益、经济效益、社会效益的统一。     

重庆市城市污水厂污泥处理处置规划及有关问题

对重庆市城市污水厂污泥处理处置规划进行了简要介绍,对规划目标的确定、污泥产率指数的确定方法、污泥处理处置技术路线的选定、污泥处理处置管理体制等进行了探讨.     

热水解污泥的厌氧消化试验研究

先用热水解对污泥进行预处理，然后进行厌氧消化试验。结果表明，最适宜的热水解温度为170℃、反应时间为30min；经热水解污泥的厌氧消化性能和系统的处理效率都得到显著提高，COD去除率最大时提高了20．18％，日均产气量则增加了79．20％～99．55％。     

日本污泥处置与资源化利用趋势

为了给我国污泥处理与处置及资源化技术提供更多的经验参考,对日本的污泥处置与资源化情况进行了文献调研和实地考察,重点分析了下水道污泥的各种处理与处置技术的发展情况、资源化及其发展趋势。日本因其特殊的国情和气候条件,目前的污泥资源化技术还是以污泥焚烧后产生的飞灰制作建筑材料为主,这可以作为我国很多大型城市污泥处理与处置技术的借鉴。     

Sewage Sludge Production, Treatment and Disposal in the European Union

Sludge production and disposal are entering a period of dramatic change, driven mainly by EC legislation. The urban waste water treatment Directive will result in at least 50% more sludge being produced by the end of 2005 and, during the next decade, sludge disposal to all the established outlets could become increasingly difficult or, in the case of sea disposal, will become illegal. The challenge facing the members of the European Union is how to (a) maintain cost-effective and secure methods of sludge disposal and (b) engender public confidence in all disposal and recycling options. What is required is not so much innovative technology, although this may be essential, but more innovative attitudes and approaches to promotion and defending existing outlets.
This paper describes the likely pattern of sludge production, treatment and disposal which will emerge during the implementation of recent EC directives and other national policies in Europe, and focuses on the areas and issues which require innovative approaches.     

上海石洞口污水厂污泥处置系统的调试

介绍了上海市石洞口城市污水处理厂污泥干化焚烧处置系统的调试方案和实施过程,主要包括前期准备工作、主要系统的调试方法及协调管理工作等.     

关于福州市城市污水处理厂污泥最终处置分析与探讨

我国"十一五"期间节能减排提出的目标是单位国内生产总值能耗降低20%左右、主要污染物排放总量减少10%。随着福州市污水处理率的提高,产生的污泥量也呈很大的增长趋势,目前各污水厂污泥最终处置的方式是通过污泥浓缩脱水之后运送至红庙岭垃圾填埋场进行卫生填埋,但由于污泥高含水率,产生的渗滤液易造成二次污染。因此,污水厂污泥的最终处置问题更为突出。本文在总结国内外城市污泥处置技术发展趋势的基础上,结合福州市的实际情况,根据无害化、减量化和资源化的原则,提出城市污泥近远期处置方案,并对处置方案作出可行性分析,使污泥产生的污染物的排放量达到节能减排的要求。     

污水厂污泥处置标准体系研究

我国至今还没有一个较为健全、科学的污水污泥处理处置标准体系,难以指导污泥处置的实践,阻碍了我国污泥处置工作的快速发展。因此,通过对我国和经济发达国家污泥处置标准体系的对比研究,找出了我国在污泥处置标准体系方面存在的差距,提出了我国污泥处置标准规范体系的发展方向。     

生物除臭滤池在污水厂污泥处理段的除臭效能

对采用天然有机滤料和合成无机滤料的生物除臭滤池在加拿大多伦多市Ash-bridge’s Bay污水厂污泥处理站的干化和转运段的应用效果进行了分析。详细介绍了污泥脱水工艺、臭气的产生及其组分,进而对软木树皮滤料和矿物合成永久性滤料的除臭效果进行了比较。还讨论了一些具体的运行经验,并采用动态模型对不同条件下的运行数据进行了分析。     

城市污水处理厂污泥的好氧处理研究

为了实现污泥的稳定化、减量化和无害化,对城市污水处理厂的浓缩污泥和厌氧消化污泥进行了好氧处理试验研究.试验结果表明,污泥好氧处理使污泥中有机物质含量降低,臭味减小.厌氧污泥经好氧消化处理后,一方面使污泥得到稳定化和减量化;另一方面,可以把污泥中的致病菌杀死.污泥经好氧消化后沉降性能有明显提高,絮凝剂的加入使其脱水性能也得到一定的改善.     

污泥处理处置的认识误区与控制对策

根据我国污泥处理处置的现状，亟需解决管理体制、市场机制、标准体系、技术政策等方面的问题。提出了我国应在政策上明确污泥处理处置的直接承担主体是污水处理企业，政府高效监管是有效解决污泥处理处置问题的关键，同时尽快解决系统规划。现有的相关标准缺乏系统性、科学性，技术政策基本空白，应建立污泥处理处置的评估体系，制定有关建设和运行的保障性鼓励措施，包括财税政策的倾斜，促进污泥处理处置的市场化发展。