广东地区电站燃气轮机进气冷却潜力的初步分析

分析了燃气轮机进气蒸发式冷却的热力学特点，由此导出燃气轮机进气冷却潜力的概念。结合广东典型地区气象特点，初步分析了广东地区电站燃气轮机进气实施蒸发冷却的潜力。     

一种多孔介质蒸发冷却中冷器性能的初步研究

文中简介蒸发冷却中冷器的原理和结构,并通过风洞实验检验各种填料的阻力特性和降温特性,选取合适的填料介质试验。结果表明：蒸发冷却式中冷器原理简单,将其替换原有中冷器应用是可行的,可用于柴油机、燃气轮机进口及ICR船用燃气轮机上。     

蒸发冷却式冷水机组能耗模型实验研究

针对蒸发冷却式冷水机组能耗模型进行实验研究。比较蒸发冷却式冷水机组与普通冷水机组在工作原理存在的异同并分析室外气象参数对系统能耗影响的基础上,用冷凝器侧进口空气的焓值影响替代普通冷水机组能耗模型中的冷却水进口温度影响,建立了蒸发冷却式冷水机组的能耗模型,并利用实测数据进行了参数估计与误差检验,结果显示改进模型的验证误差在8%以内,在精度上比现有模型有了较大的提升。     

Maisotsenko循环在燃气轮机进气冷却中的应用研究

采用基于Maisotsenko循环的露点间接蒸发式冷却作为进气冷却的手段,研究了不同环境条件下其对燃气轮机性能的提升效果。建立了针对某9E级燃气轮机的热力循环过程的计算模型,并利用该热力模型分析了进气温度变化对燃机出力的影响。基于Maisotsenko循环的原理,以温降为指标对露点间接蒸发冷却器的性能进行了分析。以功率和效率作为指标,对燃气轮机性能随环境条件的变化情况做了数值模拟,对露点蒸发式冷却与无进气冷却、直接喷雾式冷却对燃机性能的影响进行了计算分析。结果表明,在高温低湿度的条件下,露点间接蒸发式冷却能有效提升燃机性能。     

蒸发冷却技术

文章介绍了蒸发冷却技术的原理和分类，详细介绍了直接蒸发冷却和间接蒸发冷却的实际应用情况，指出该技术是节能环保的，是可持续发展的制冷技术，具有应用前景。     

间接蒸发冷却技术的应用研究与现状

由于我国各地区气候条件不同,蒸发冷却的应用方式也有些不同.通过对直接蒸发冷却和间接蒸发冷却技术原理的分析,提供了分析研究的结果.着重介绍间接蒸发冷却技术在我国的应用研究与现状.     

用于汽轮机排汽冷却的蒸发式冷凝器模型及性能分析

蒸发式冷凝器兼具传热性能好和节水的优势,在大型动力系统冷却中具有广阔的应用前景。建立了蒸发冷凝器的理论分析模型,提出了蒸发式冷凝器用于冷却小型汽轮机排汽的设计方案;获得了喷淋水温度、空气和蒸汽的焓值在冷凝器内沿程的变化规律,并对喷淋水量、配风量和空气温度等影响冷凝器性能的影响因素进行了分析。研究结果对蒸发式冷凝器在火力发电行业的应用具有参考意义。     

压气机进气用雾化式蒸发冷却器实验研究

从实验角度对压气机进气用蒸发式冷却器进行了。探讨了含有水滴的空气的湿度测量方法。针对不同的常温蒸发加湿方案,研究了不同喷水量对蒸发冷却效果产生的影响。对于不同形式的雾化喷嘴在不同的喷射方向下对蒸发冷却效果所产生的影响进行了实验分析。     

蒸发冷却技术在我国非干燥地区的应用研究

介绍了蒸发冷却的原理与种类 ,通过分析计算 ,得出除湿蒸发冷却技术在我国非干燥地区存在应用的可行性。采用该技术不但可以保护环境 ,提高室内空气品质 ,在有余热废热利用的场合 ,还能大大节省系统耗电量 ,起到很好的节能效果。建议应在我国推广应用这一技术并制定相应的标准规范。     

蒸发冷却空调技术在住宅建筑中的研究进展

介绍蒸发冷却空调技术在住宅领域的研究进展。主要包括:直接蒸发冷却空调技术在住宅建筑的应用、间接蒸发冷却在住宅建筑的应用以及蒸发冷却与其他技术相结合在住宅建筑领域的应用几个部分。参考国内外相关文献及其专利,得出蒸发冷却空调技术在部分地区住宅领域应用效果较好的结论,特别是将蒸发冷却空调技术与其他技术相结合的应用过程中,这项技术能够提高整个机组的运行能效比,使机组运行更加节能、环保。在广阔的农村住宅领域以及"干空气能"丰富的部分地区,蒸发冷却空调技术值得被大力推广。     

蒸发式冷凝器用于火电厂冷却系统中的可行性分析

概述了火电厂冷却系统的特点，介绍了蒸发式冷凝器的工作原理，基于朗肯循环详细分析了蒸发式冷凝器用在火电厂冷却系统中所具有的优点，从而提出了在我国运用这项技术的必要性，并通过两个实例说明蒸发式冷凝器用于火电厂的冷却系统是可行的。     

Effects of evaporative inlet and aftercooling on the recuperated gas turbine cycle

Inlet air cooling and cooling of the compressor discharge using water injection boost both efficiency and power of gas turbine cycles. Four different layouts of the recuperated gas turbine cycle are presented. Those layouts include the effect of evaporative inlet and aftercooling (evaporative cooling of the compressor discharge). A parametric study of the effect of turbine inlet temperature (TIT), ambient temperature, and relative humidity on the performance of all four layouts is investigated. The results indicate that as TIT increases the optimum pressure ratio increases by 0.45 per 100 K for the regular recuperated cycle and by 1.4 per 100 K for the recuperated cycle with evaporative aftercooling. The cycles with evaporative aftercooling have distinctive pattern of performance curves and higher values of optimum pressure ratios. The results also showed that evaporative cooling of the inlet air could boost the efficiency by up to 3.2% and that evaporative aftercooling could increase the power by up to about 110% and cycle efficiency by up to 16%.     

Performance evaluation and comparison of multistage indirect evaporative cooling systems in two operation modes

The evaporative cooling technique is an efficient approach for cooling application. This study aims to establish a performance evaluation method to advance the appropriate design for multistage indirect evaporative cooling systems. A mathematical formulation has been developed for the indirect evaporative cooler (IEC). After the validation, the mathematical model was used to analyze the evaluation criteria by considering the simultaneous influence of the cooling effectiveness, the pressure drop, and the cooling capacity of the multistage IEC operating in two modes. The Mode-1 IEC is a conventional counterflow unit, while the Mode-2 IEC employs a regenerative M-cycle arrangement. The IECs are operated in a tandem arrangement. The multistage system is capable of improving the cooling performance and reducing the outlet air temperature. In addition, the multistage system displays a higher pressure drop resulting in a lager consumption of fan power. The analysis of performance evaluation criteria indicates that the appropriate maximum stage is suggested to be three-stage and two-stage for the Mode-1 and the Mode-2 IEC, respectively.     

高湿度地区某整理车间蒸发冷却空调系统设计分析

江阴市某纺织品整理车间设计空调系统,对车间进行降温,改善工人工作环境。针对达到规范所要求的室内温湿度和适当放宽室内温湿度(在人体舒适区域内)时,提出蒸发冷却与机械制冷相结合的空调方案及蒸发冷却空调方案,并根据各自方案的特点、风量及制冷量等情况,得出应用蒸发冷却空调的可行性,最后根据此车间的特点,对方案进行优化,使得蒸发冷却与工位送风相结合,初投资和运行费用更低、节能效果更加显著。     

Performance enhancement of gas turbines by inlet air‐cooling in hot and humid climates

In this paper, a model to study the effect of inlet air‐cooling on gas turbines power and efficiency is developed for two different cooling techniques, direct mechanical refrigeration and an evaporative water spray cooler. Energy analysis is used to present the performance improvement in terms of power gain ratio and thermal efficiency change factors. Relationships are derived for an open gas turbine cycle with irreversible compression and expansion processes coupled to air‐cooling systems. The obtained results show that the power and efficiency improvements are functions of the ambient conditions and the gas turbine pressure ratio. The performance improvement is calculated for, ambient temperatures from 30 to 50°C, the whole range of humidity ratio (10–100%) and pressure ratio from 8 to 12. For direct mechanical refrigeration air‐cooling, the power improvement is associated with appreciable drop in the thermal efficiency. The maximum power gain can be obtained if the air temperature is reduced to its lowest limit that is the refrigerant evaporation temperature plus the evaporator design temperature difference. Water spray cooling process is sensitive to the ambient relative humidity and is suitable for dry air conditions. The power gain and efficiency enhancement are limited by the wet bulb temperature. The performance of spray evaporative cooler is presented in a dimensionless working graph. The daily performance of the cooling methods is examined for an ABB‐11D5 gas turbine operating under the hot humid conditions of Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. The results indicate that the direct mechanical refrigeration increased the daily power output by 6.77% versus 2.57% for the spray air‐cooling. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

直接蒸发冷却技术在火力发电厂的应用

叙述了直接蒸发冷却技术的原理及应用于火力发电厂汽轮机房通风的方案,指出,直接蒸发冷却方式与传统的机械制冷方式比较,既加强了通风与换气作用,改善了新风运行环境,还能减少运行费用,实现节能减排,具有较大的经济效益。     

Energy efficient building strategies for school buildings in Oman

In this paper hour-by-hour computer simulations of cooling load for a public building were carried out under local weather conditions using TRNSYS building computer simulation software. Different passive measures to reduce the cooling load were investigated. These include the envelope insulation, space ventilation, shading, glazing, artificial lighting variation, and evaporative cooling of the structure. The results show as high as 43% reductions in peak cooling load can be achieved using a combination of well-established passive cooling techniques and technologies. The significance of these results stems from the fact that they were obtained under local weather conditions, a matter of importance to building architects, designers, contractors, and builders as well as air-conditioning equipment manufacturers. Although this work was undertaken to improve the thermal performance of school buildings the results were extended to cover the summer school vacation months so that they will benefit public buildings as well. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Thermoeconomic optimization of an ice thermal storage system for gas turbine inlet cooling

The gas turbine power output and efficiency decrease with increasing ambient temperature. With compressor inlet air cooling, the air density and mass flow rate as well as the gas turbine net power output increase. The inlet cooling techniques include vapor or absorption refrigeration systems, evaporative cooling systems and thermal energy storage (TES) systems. In this paper the thermoeconomic analysis of ice (latent) thermal energy storage system for gas turbine inlet cooling application was performed. The optimum values of system design parameters were obtained using genetic algorithm optimization technique. The objective function included the capital and operational costs of the gas turbine, vapor compression refrigeration system, without (objective function I) and with (objective function II) corresponding cost due to the system exergy destruction. For gas turbines with net power output in the range of 25-100 MW, the inlet air cooling using a TES system increased the power output in the range of 3.9-25.7%, increased the efficiency in the range 2.1-5.2%, while increased the payback period from about 4 to 7.7 years.     

Energetic and exergetic performance analyses of a combined heat and power plant with absorption inlet cooling and evaporative aftercooling

In this paper, exergy method is applied to analyze the gas turbine cycle cogeneration with inlet air cooling and evaporative aftercooling of the compressor discharge. The exergy destruction rate in each component of cogeneration is evaluated in detail. The effects of some main parameters on the exergy destruction and exergy efficiency of the cycle are investigated. The most significant exergy destruction rates in the cycle are in combustion chamber, heat recovery steam generator and regenerative heat exchanger. The overall pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature have significant effect on exergy destruction in most of the components of cogeneration. The results obtained from the analysis show that inlet air cooling along with evaporative aftercooling has an obvious increase in the energy and exergy efficiency compared to the basic gas turbine cycle cogeneration. It is further shown that the first-law efficiency, power to heat ratio and exergy efficiency of the cogeneration cycle significantly vary with the change in overall pressure ratio and turbine inlet temperature but the change in process heat pressure shows small variation in these parameters.     

Thermodynamic behaviour of an air-conditioning system employing combined evaporative-water and air coolers

The performance of an open absorption-system, energized by low-grade heat such as insolation and/or waste heat, has been investigated. This combined evaporative cooler (CEC) [i.e. an indirect evaporative cooler (IEC) together with a direct evaporative-cooler (DEC)] was used to cool the air. A computer simulation of the cooling cycle was devised, so that the performance characteristics of the system could be predicted for a range of operating conditions: the influences of various design-parameters on the coefficient of performance (COP) were also evaluated. The COP of the CEC system was at least 20% greater than those achieved when employing either the IEC or DEC systems alone.