InP基In0.53Ga0.47As光电探测器的量子效率优化

建立了不同结构的InP基PIN型In0.53Ga0.47As探测器光响应的物理模型.通过引入收集效率函数,模拟计算了探测器量子效率和光响应.采用该模型分别研究了正面进光和背面进光情况下典型的In0.53Ga0.047As/InP PIN探测器的结构参数对器件量子效率的影响.在此基础上提出了两种改进的背照射InGaAs/InP探测器结构,并讨论了其结构参数的优化.     

重掺InP生长的InGaAs外延层迁移率的测量

通过衬底剥离技术对以重掺N型磷化铟(N+-InP)衬底生长的In0.53Ga0.47As外延层的迁移率测量方法进行了研究。首先,采用环氧树脂胶将In0.53Ga0.47As外延层粘贴在半绝缘蓝宝石衬底上,以盐酸溶液腐蚀掉InP衬底;之后,采用扫描电子显微镜能谱及金相显微镜对InP衬底的剥离情况及In0.53Ga0.47As薄膜的损伤情况进行了检测;最后采用范德堡法对粘贴在半绝缘蓝宝石衬底上的In0.53Ga0.47As薄膜的迁移率进行了测量。通过对比试验得出,剥离InP衬底的In0.53Ga0.47As薄膜的迁移率测量结果与理论值符合较好,与真值偏差在20%以内。     

近红外InGaAs探测器台面结构对器件性能的影响

采用湿法腐蚀方式在PIN型InP/In0.53Ga0.47As/InP材料上制备了不同台面结构的正照射In0.53Ga0.47As探测器,通过比较不同结构器件的性能,如暗电流、信号、噪声,研究了器件性能跟器件结构之间的关系,并分析影响器件性能的因素。研究结果表明,探测器的暗电流、噪声与台面面积是成线性关系的,而信号与台面面积则不是线性关系。探测器的台面可分为光敏区和光敏区外部分,光敏区外部分对暗电流、噪声的贡献与光敏区是一致的,但对信号的贡献这两部分则是不一致的,这主要是由于衬底反射和器件之间的沟道光生载流子的侧向扩散所造成的。     

In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As雪崩光电二极管的数值模拟研究

建立了SACM型In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As雪崩光电二极管(APD)的分析模型,通过数值研究和理论分析设计出高性能的In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As APD。器件设计中,一方面添加了In0.52Al0.48As势垒层来阻挡接触层的少数载流子的扩散,进而减小暗电流的产生;另一方面,雪崩倍增区采用双层掺杂结构设计,优化了器件倍增区的电场梯度分布。最后,利用ATLAS软件较系统地研究并分析了雪崩倍增层、电荷层以及吸收层的掺杂水平和厚度对器件电场分布、击穿电压、IV特性和直流增益的影响。优化后APD的单位增益可以达到0.9 A/W,在工作电压(0.9 Vb)下增益为23.4,工作暗电流也仅是纳安级别(@0.9 Vb)。由于In0.52Al0.48As材料的电子与空穴的碰撞离化率比InP材料的差异更大,因此器件的噪声因子也较低。     

InGaAs PIN光电探测器的暗电流特性研究

从理论上分析了In0.53Ga0.47As PIN光电探测器在不同掺杂浓度及反向偏压下的暗电流特性,并与研制的器件的实测结果进行了比较和讨论.模拟结果表明:在低偏压下,器件中的产生复合电流起主要作用,偏压增大时,隧道电流起主要作用,且In0.53Ga0.47As光吸收层的载流子浓度对器件的暗电流有很大的影响,实测器件特性与模拟结果完全符合.文中还对器件结面积和电极尺寸等对暗电流的影响进行了比较和分析.     

InP衬底上Ga_(0.47)In_(0.53)As/InP液相外延生长

用液相外廷获得了与InP晶格匹配的Ga_(0.47),In_(0.53)As单晶外延层.本文叙述在(100)和(111)InP衬底上Ga_(0.47)In_(0.53)As/InP液相外延生长方法.用常规滑动舟工艺生长的这种外延层,其表面光亮,Ga的组分x=0.46～0.48,晶格失配率小于2.77×10~(-4),禁带宽度E_g=0.74～0.75eV.使用这种Ga_(0.47)In_(0.53)As/InP/InP(衬底)材料研制的长波长光电探测器,在波长为0.9～1.7μm范围内测出了光谱响应曲线,在1.55μm处呈现峰值.     

纳米电子器件-高峰值峰谷电流比InP基共振隧穿二极管的实现

利用分子束外延技术研制出InP基IhAs/In0.53Ga0.47As/AlAs共振隧穿二极管,其中势垒为10个单分子AlAs,势阱由8个单分子层In0.53Ga0.47As阱和4个单分子层InAs子阱组成.室温下峰值电流密度接近3kA/cm2,峰和谷的电流密度比率达到19.     

纳米电子器件-高峰值峰谷电流比InP基共振隧穿二极管的实现

利用分子束外延技术研制出InP基IhAs/In0.53Ga0.47As/AlAs共振隧穿二极管,其中势垒为10个单分子AlAs,势阱由8个单分子层In0.53Ga0.47As阱和4个单分子层InAs子阱组成.室温下峰值电流密度接近3kA/cm2,峰和谷的电流密度比率达到19.     

Ⅴ/Ⅲ比对InGaAs/InP的LPMOCVD生长的影响

介绍了利用LPMOCVD技术在InP衬底上生长In0.53Ga0.47As材料,获得表面平整、光亮的In0.53Ga0.47As外延层.研究了Ⅴ/Ⅲ比对表面形貌、结晶质量、电学质量的影响.在Ⅴ/Ⅲ比较低时,表面粗糙,要获得镜面状的表面形貌,Ⅴ/Ⅲ比必须大于40.Ⅴ/Ⅲ比对外延层结晶质量有影响.迁移率和本征载流子浓度随着Ⅴ/Ⅲ比的增加而增大.     

InP/GaAs异质外延及异变InGaAs光探测器制备

借助超薄低温InP缓冲层,在GaAs衬底上生长出了高质量的InP外延层,在InP外延层中插入了15周期In0.93Ga0.07P/InP应变层超晶格(SLS),进一步阻断了失配位错穿透到晶体表面,提高了外延层的晶体质量,这样2.5 μm厚InP外延层的双晶X射线衍射(DCXRD)ω扫描半高全宽(FWHM)值降低至219 arcsec,该InP外延层的室温光荧光(PL)谱线宽度仅为42 meV.在此基础上,只利用超薄低温InP缓冲层技术就在半绝缘GaAs衬底上成功地制备出了长波长异变In0.53Ga0.47As PIN光电探测器,器件的台面面积为50 μm×50 μm,In0.53Ga0.47As吸收层厚度为300 nm,在3 V反偏压下器件的3 dB带宽达到了6 GHz,在1 550 nm波长处器件的响应度达到了0.12 A/W,对应的外量子效率为9.6%.     

Characteristics of metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor structure using Sr0.8Bi2.2Ta2O9 and Sr0.8Bi2.2Ta2O9-BaZrO3 for ferroelectric gates

Characteristics of BaZrO₃ (BZO) modified Sr_0.8Bi_2.2Ta₂O₉ (SBT) thin films fabricated by sol-gel method on HfO₂ coated Si substrates have been investigated in a metal-ferroelectric-insulator-semiconductor (MFIS) structure for potential use in a ferroelectric field effect transistor (FeFET) type memory. MFIS structures consisting of pure SBT and doped with 5 and 7 mol% BZO exhibited memory windows of 0.81, 0.82 and 0.95 V with gate voltage sweeps between −5 and +5 V, respectively. Leakage current density levels of 10⁻⁸ A/cm² for BZO doped SBT gate materials were observed and attributed to the metallic Bi on the surface as well as intrinsic defects and a porous film microstructure. The higher than expected leakage current is attributed to electron trapping/de-trapping, which reduces the data retention time and memory window. Further process improvements are expected to enhance the electronic properties of doped SBT for FeFET.     

Some new FIR laser lines of optically pumped12CH316OH,12CH316OD, and12CH3I,12CH3Br,12CD2Cl2absorption spectroscopy of water and acetonitrile

The wavelength, polarization, and output power of several lines of the optically pumped CW FIR¹²CH3¹⁶OH (methanol) and¹²CH3¹⁶OD (1-D deuterated methanol), methyl iodide, methyl bromide, and deuterated methylene chloride lasers have been determined. In addition to lines already reported in the literature, seven strong lines have been observed. Optimum performance of the laser system is achieved by means of an improved coupling of the CO2pump power into the resonator and extraction of the FIR power from the resonator. Measurements on the power absorption coefficient of water using the laser indicate thatalpha(bar{nu})rises to almost 1100 Np ċ cm^-1at 170 cm^-1, and then shows a gradual fall with an increase in frequency. A strong temperature dependence of the 200 cm^-1peak inalpha(bar{nu})is predicted, with a decrease in the frequency of maximum power absorption coefficient with an increase in temperature. The range of measurements for acetonitrile is extended to lower frequencies so as to overlap with those determined from other millimeter wave techniques. For highly power-absorbing liquids,alpha(bar{nu})is estimated to be within ± 5 percent.     

In0.52Al0.48As/In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As abrupt double-heterojunction bipolar transistors

In0.52Al0.48As/In0.53Ga0.47As/In0.52Al0.48As n-p-n abrupt double-heterojunction bipolar transistors grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) have been realized for the first time. DC current gains in excess of 300 have been measured on devices operated in the emitter-up configuration. DC current gains around 50 are obtained on device structures with Be+ implanted extrinsic base regions operated in the emitter-down configuration. The carrier injection and collection behavior of the abrupt InGaAs/InAlAs heterojunctions is discussed.     

Beat-frequency between measurements between C12O216and C12O218lasers

Several beat frequencies in the range below 6 GHz have been measured using a C¹²O2¹⁶laser and a C¹²O2¹⁸laser operating on several pairs of closely spaced lines in the 9.3-μm region.     

（Li,Nb）掺杂SnO2压敏材料的电学非线性研究

研究了掺锂对SnO2压敏电阻器性能的影响.研究发现Li+对Sn4+的取代能明显提高陶瓷的烧结速度和致密度,且能大幅度改善材料的电学非线性性能.掺入x(Li2CO3)为1.0%的陶瓷样品具有最高的密度(P=6.77g/cm3)、最高的介电常数(ε=1851)、最低的视在势垒电场(EB=68.86V/mm)和最高的非线性常数(α=9.9).对比发现,Na+由于具有较大的离子粒半径,其掺杂改性性能相对较差.提出了SnO2@Li2CO3@Nb2O5晶界缺陷势垒模型.     

Effect of Ge-GeO2 co-doping on non-ohmic behaviour of TiO2-V2O5-Y2O3 varistor ceramics

An investigation was made into the effect of doping with the elemental crystal Ge or/and GeO₂ on the TiO₂-V₂O₅-Y₂O₃ varistor ceramics. The result shows that as the doping contents of V₂O₅ and Y₂O₃ are 0.5 mol%, respectively, co-doping with 0.3 mol% Ge and 0.9 mol% GeO₂ makes the highest α value (α = 12.8), the lowest breakdown voltage V_1mA (V_1mA = 15.8 V/mm) and the highest grain boundary barrier Φ_B (Φ_B = 1.48 eV), which is remarkably superior to the TiO₂-V₂O₅-Y₂O₃ varistor ceramics undoped with Ge and GeO₂ and mono-doped with Ge or GeO₂. The TiO₂-V₂O₅-Y₂O₃-Ge-GeO₂ ceramic has the prospect of becoming a novel varistor ceramic with excellent electrical properties.     

Temporal stability of circulating current in thin film Tl2Ba2CaCu2O8 and YBa2Cu3O7

The temporal stability of trapped transport current in annular thin film Tl₂Ba₂CaCu₂O₈ (TBCCO) and YBa₂Cu₃O₇ (YBCO) wafers has been accurately measured and has been found to be of suitable quality for the stringent requirements of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) magnets. No detectable decay, to the limit of the experimental apparatus (2*10^-14 Ω), was detected in those wafers with transport current at or below the critical current density J_c. The critical current density, as previously determined from 12 μm meander lines, was confirmed in a wafer with a width of 1.9 cm. The profile of trapped magnetic field resulting from induced current was modeled in order to assess its effect on the uniformity of an NMR magnet     

Ho3+/Yb3+共掺的SiO2-Al2O3-BaO-BaF2微晶玻璃上转换发光研究

制备了Ho3+/Yb3+共掺的氧氟硅酸盐玻璃, 根据玻璃样品的差热分析进行微晶化处理, 测试了Ho3+/Yb3+共掺微晶玻璃的X射线衍射(XRD)图谱、吸收光谱和上转换发光光谱。结果发现, 在980 nm LD激发下, Ho3+/Yb3+共掺的含BaF2纳米晶的氧氟硅酸盐微晶玻璃可以同时观察到绿光(544 nm)和红光(656, 748 nm)上转换发光, 分别对应于Ho3+ 离子的5F4/5S2→5I8, 5F5→5I8和5F4/5S2→5I7能级跃迁, 与未热处理的玻璃样品相比, 微晶玻璃样品的绿光发光强度增强约347倍。研究结果表明含BaF2纳米晶的氧氟硅酸盐微晶玻璃是一种潜在的上转换基质材料。     

Laser4F3/2→4I9/2and4F3/2→4I13/2transitions in KY(WO4)2:Nd3+

We report the observation of lasing at 0.9137 μm and 1.3545 μm in neodymium-doped KY(WO4)2at 77 K. Transition cross sections, fluorescent line width, and branching ratios are given.     

Initiation of NF3-H2chemical reactions via CO2laser irradiation of NF4BF4

NF4BF4has been irradiated with a low-power CO2laser to produce reactive species which then initiate reactions in an ambient NF3-H2mixture. The laser-induced decomposition of NF4BF4in vacuum was measured as a function of laser power and energy. The laser-induced decomposition threshold was determined to be 40 mJ, which corresponds to a laser fluence of 20 J/cm². This same value was determined for the initiation threshold of NF3-H2reactions via CO2laser irradiation of NF4BF4. Visible and infrared emissions were observed from initiated NF3-H2mixtures. This radiative technique has attractive features for initiating reactions in solid-gas systems.