Online application of automatic surface quality inspection system to finishing line of cold rolled strips

An automatic surface quality inspection system installed on a finishing line of cold rolled strips is introduced. The system is able to detect surface defects on cold rolled strips, such as scratches, coil breaks, rusts, roll imprints, and so on. Multiple CCD area scan cameras were equipped to capture images of strip surface simultaneously. Defects were detected through "Dark-field illumination" which is generated by LED illuminators. Parallel computation technique and fast processing algorithms were developed for real-time data processing. The application to the production line shows that the system is able to detect defects effectively.     

基于神经网络的钢材表面缺陷快速检测

表面缺陷是影响钢材质量的重要因素,钢材表面缺陷图像在线快速检测已成为国内外学者研究的热点课题。研究钢材表面缺陷识别技术不仅具有一定的理论价值,更具有实际的应用前景。本文设计并通过仿真实现了冷轧带钢表面缺陷检测系统及缺陷分类系统,重点研究了BP神经网络方法及图像处理技术在钢材表面缺陷识别中的应用,实现冷轧带钢表面缺陷的快速自动分类。     

Mechanical performance and texture characteristic of an IF steel containing Nb and Ti by double cold rolling

Single cold rolling and double cold rolling were applied to hot rolled strips with different reduction ratios. The evolutions of {100},{111} and Goss face texture during double rolling were investigated by comparing the orientation distribution function(ODF) of the double rolled sample with that of the single rolled one. The double cold rolling texture is characterized by a higher γ-texture and a lower α-texture,and the {111}<112> component is improved remarkably. Based on the TEM observation and mechanical...     

EVALUATION OF LUBRICANTS FOR COLD ROLLING ALUMINUM STRIPS

Rollingprocessisconsideredasatribologicalsystemmadeupofrolls,workpieceandinbricant,andthereforethelubricanthasgreatinfluencesontherollingforceparametersandthesurfacequalitiesofrolledaluminumsheetsandstrips["'j.Withthedevelopmentofrollingtechnologyandadecreaseinrollingoilviscosity,lubricationmodelshavebeentransformedfromhydrodynamiclubricationintomixedlubricationorboundarylubrication.Currently,thelightmineraloilsuesdasthebaseoilsareplayinganimportantroleinlubricationforcoldrollingaluminumandits…     

Application of a new feature extraction and optimization method to surface defect recognition of cold rolled strips

Considering that the surface defects of cold rolled strips are hard to be recognized by human eyes under high-speed circumstances, an automatic recognition technique was discussed. Spectrum images of defects can be got by fast Fourier transform （FFF） and sum of valid pixels （SVP）, and its optimized center region, which concentrates nearly all energies, are extracted as an original feature set. Using genetic algorithm to optimize the feature set, an optimized feature set with 51 features can be achieved. Using the optimized feature set as an input vector of neural networks, the recognition effects of LVQ neural networks have been studied. Experiment results show that the new method can get a higher classification rate and can settle the automatic recognition problem of surface defects on cold rolled strips ideally.     

Surface quality of cold rolling aluminum strips under lubrication condition

The effects of oil film on the rolled surface,including surface roughness and topography,were investigated during cold rolling of aluminum strips.Various mineral oils with viscosities from 0.10 to 1.6 Pa.s were used to obtain different oil film thick- nesses.Results from experiment and calculation show that the thicker oil film protects the initial roughening surface so that it leads to an increase in roughness of the rolled surface,in particular when the surface roughness has the character of direction.The rolled surface roughness was determined byλ,which is the ratio of oil film thickness to the combined surface roughness.Whenλ>3,the rolled surface roughness increases rapidly with the increase in oil viscosity,whereas the surface roughening has already occurred whenλ<3,but the increase of the rolled surface roughness with increasing viscosity is not distinct.     

荧光电磁探伤的图象采集和处理软件系统

介绍了一个荧光电磁自动探伤的图象采集和处理软件系统，在图象处理中，采用了一个称为迟滞滤波的平滑法，进而提出了一维三角形模板二值化算法。实验结果表明，这些方法对于本系统的图象处理是十分有效的．     

一种板形检测值处理方法的开发及应用

介绍了一种用于接触式分段板形仪的板形检测信号处理方法及处理流程．用该方法处理板形检测信号不需要计算带钢在板形仪上形成的包角．该法编制成程序后,作为一个模块被应用在一台可逆冷轧机的板形控制系统中．轧机投入运行后,生产稳定,并取得了良好的板形控制效果,平均板形偏差控制在5I以下,表明该方法是稳定、有效的,可以用于工业生产．     

Machine vision system for visual defect inspection of TFT-LCD

To improve the identification for visual defect of TFT-LCD,a new machine vision system is proposed,which is superior to human eye inspection. The system respectively employs a CCD camera to capture the image of TFT-LCD panel and an image processing system to identify potential visual defects. Image pre-processing,such as average filtering and geometric correction,was performed on the captured image,and then a candidate area of defect was segmented from the background. Feature information extracted from the area of interest entered a fuzzy rule-based classifier that simulated the defect inspection of TFT-LCD undertaken by experienced technicians. Experiment results show that the machine vision system can obtain fast,objective and accurate inspection compared with subjective and inaccurate human eye inspection.     

荧光探伤系统图象采集与处理

开发研制了钢制轴类零件的荧光磁粉探伤系统．改系统的特点是：可采集到信噪比 很高的荧光数字图象,只需计算每一个象素点的灰度梯度就能快速完成自适应动态阈值图象 分割,并利用数学形态学的膨胀运算、基于联结数的收缩运算和颗粒筛选运算对二值图象进行 有效的处理。经验证,得到了有实用意义的结果．     

基于多目视觉的高速印刷质量在线检测系统

印品质量的在线控制对印刷工艺管理、剔废和提高印品质量至关重要。研究了一种基于多面阵相机的对高速印品进行在线缺陷检测的机器视觉系统。通过独特的光学系统，可以消除闪光元素的眩光，检测到印品上的微小印刷缺陷；研究了快速缺陷查找算法；研究了纸张纠偏算法，避免了纸张蛇形造成的误检；通过C／S网络化并行结构，可以对图像数据进行分布式处理和集中统计管理。     

一种新型冷轧变形钢筋的力学性能试验分析

对一种新型冷轧变形钢筋进行金相分析和力学性能试验。结果与热轧圆盘母材和I型冷轧扭钢筋作了比较，表明其抗拉强度，表面强度比热轧圆盘母材提高了20％以上，而伸长率δ5大于9．05％，与I型冷轧扭钢筋相比，其塑性性能获得提高。     

基于图像传感器的片烟规格测量方法

针对传统工艺对打叶后片烟面积的检测和分类方法的缺点,提出了基于图像传感器的片烟规格测量方法。由CMOS图像传感器采集工作台上的片烟图像信息,并以统一的亮度阈值对图像进行二值化处理;然后采用硬件方法提取二值图像的边界信息,再根据连续区段标记算法统计出各个连续区域的面积,进而最终得到各个面积段片烟的比例。实验证明该测量方法准确可靠,测量结果相对误差小于2％;实时性好,为打叶工序工艺参数的快速调整提供了依据。     

IF钢生产过程中的织构演变

对IF钢生产过程中热轧、冷轧及退火试样的织构演变进行研究。分别借助EBSD和XRD测定和计算了热轧、退火及冷轧试样的取向分布函数及相关织构组分的体积分数。结果发现,热轧板在变形过程中发生了动态再结晶,晶粒为细小的等轴晶,为后续组织发展提供了基础;热轧后试样中的织构很弱,不会影响冷轧织构组分及含量。冷轧过程是织构形成的主要过程,试样中含有4种主要的织构组分：{001}〈110〉、{111}〈110〉、{111}〈112〉和{112}〈110〉。退火过程中发生再结晶,4种冷轧织构组分在退火过程中均分别转变为{111}面织构。     

条带式合成孔径声呐相位梯度自聚焦算法

相位梯度自聚焦(PGA)算法是一种稳健的高分辨SAR相位校正方法,在SAR领域得到广泛应用;但PGA是针对聚束式合成孔径雷达提出的,不能直接用于条带式合成孔径声呐,为补偿小运动误差对合成孔径声纳图像造成的影响,文中考察了条带式合成孔径声呐运动误差模型和聚束合成孔径声呐运动误差模型之间的内在关系,推导了条带式合成孔径声呐的误差模型,提出了把相位梯度自聚焦应用到条带式合成孔径声呐的相应方式.首先,将条带式合成孔径声呐的成像沿方位向分割为有重叠的小的条带,然后,用聚束式PGA算法分别对各分块后的图像进行自聚焦处理,最后将各聚焦后的分块图像以适当的方式拼接在一起形成新的图像,从而实现条带模式合成孔径声呐的PGA处理.水池数据的处理证实了本文方法的可行性和有效性.     

焊缝X射线探伤典型缺陷的分析与研究

对焊缝X射线检测的图像处理进行了分析研究,讨论了图像处理的方法在焊缝射线检测中的应用.结果证明了处理方法及其技术实现的实用性和可行性.     

基于序贯相似性测算法的图像模板配准算法

图像配准是很多图像处理应用中非常重要的一个环节.针对烟标印刷缺陷检测系统的模板配准算法在此得到了较深入的研究.在传统的序贯相似性检测算法(SSDA)基础上,提出一种新的配准算法.实验证明,该算法比传统的SSDA算法在速度上有较大提高,能满足在线烟标检测系统中图像处理算法的实时性要求.     

变电站电力设备红外自动巡检系统的实现

针对目前变电站设备红外成像检测技术存在的问题,研制一种新型电力设备红外自动巡检系统,能通过图像融合处理技术,将设备的温度分布数据置入设备可见光图像,并以图像方式直观地显示出电力设备不同位置的温度分布情况.     

基于图像处理的人和机械手象棋对弈系统实现

综合运用数字图像处理、串口通信和PLC技术实现了人和机械手面对面的象棋对弈系统。棋子的位置信息由摄像头实时传给计算机,根据这些位置信息被判断处理后的结果,计算机给PLC发相应的指令来控制机械手的下棋动作。将图像处理学科中的图像分析与图像识别技术运用于对机械手操作目标的监测与识别,可满足系统的要求。     

热轧带钢层流冷却温度优化控制策略研究

在热轧带钢生产过程中,卷取温度是影响成品带钢性能的重要参数之一,其精度的高低对带钢质量至关重要.为保证产品具有良好的性能,采用层流冷却装置对热轧后的板带进行冷却控制,喷水系统的设定是层流冷却过程控制的关键.在冷却过程中带钢的温度不能在线连续检测,其过程具有强非线性和时变性,而且在冷却过程中存在相变,因此难以建立精确的数学模型去描述这一冷却过程.随着带钢厚度,精轧出口温度和轧制速度的变化,单独的前馈/反馈控制很难满足高精度的温度控制需要.在本文的研究中,一系列层流冷却控制策略被采用,包括前馈/反馈控制,自适应算法,以及控制带钢整体温度的均匀性策略.实践应用表明这些控制策略得到很好的检验,能有效地提高卷取温度的控制精度和均匀性.