共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 62 毫秒
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江文 《精细化工原料及中间体》2006,(10):35-36
20世纪90年代后期,科学家们对于纳米纤维制备及应用的研究达到高潮,开发了一系列制备聚合物纳米纤维的方法,如纺丝、模板合成法、相分离法、自组装法以及静电纺丝法等。与上述方法相比,静电纺制备聚合物纳米纤维具有设备简单、操作容易以及高效等特点,是制备聚合物连续纳米纤维最有效的方法。静电纺纳米纤维性能优异、应用广泛,在电子器件、生物医学领域、滤材、防护服用材料纤维增强复合材料及传感器感知膜的应用前景十分看好,产业化市场发展前景广阔。 相似文献
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静电纺纳米纤维的应用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
综述了静电纺纳米纤维在保护性服用材料、传感器、过滤防护材料、高分子纳米模板、纳米复合改性材料、航空航天等方面的应用;详述了在生物医用材料方面的应用;展望了静电纺丝纳米纤维的发展前景;指出应继续研发具有特殊性能的静电纺纳米纤维新产品,扩大其应用领域,最终实现成果产业化。 相似文献
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静电纺纳米纤维的研究及应用进展 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
简述了静电纺丝基本原理及纺丝过程中射流存在的几种不稳定性形式;探讨了静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的主要影响因素。回顾了静电纺丝的发展历程,介绍了纳米纤维在电子器件、生物医学领域、滤材、防护服用材料纤维增强复合材料及传感器感知膜等方面的应用。指出静电纺纳米纤维性能优异、应用广泛,应用于生物医学领域是研发热点,必将进一步产业化。 相似文献
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综述了静电纺聚酰亚胺纳米纤维不同制备方法及各自优缺点,对静电纺聚酰亚胺纳米纤维的改性,提高其力学性能、热稳定性及其它特性,以及聚酰亚胺纳米纤维的潜在应用领域。综述表明,寻找适合的溶剂是实现一步法静电纺高性能聚酰亚胺纳米纤维的关键,通过改性调控可提高其热稳定性和力学性能。 相似文献
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首先介绍了静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的原理及其影响因素,然后归纳、总结了当前国内外静电纺丝制备纳米纤维的研究内容,并对今后的研究提出了建设. 相似文献
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《Ceramics International》2019,45(15):18672-18682
Nanofibrous zirconia (ZrO2) meshes were prepared from precursor fibers which were synthesized using the method of free-surface, high-yield alternating field electrospinning (AFES). The weight ratio of zirconyl chloride salt to polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer in liquid precursors was investigated for its effect on the spinnability and formation of precursor fibers as well as on the resulting fibrous ZrO2. The precursor fiber generation measured at a rate up to 5.6 g/h was achieved with a single flat 25-mm diameter alternating current (AC) electrode, which corresponded to production of up to 1.5 g/h of fibrous ZrO2. The calcination process involved annealing the fibers at temperatures which ranged from 600 °C to 1000 °C and produced 0.1–0.2 mm thick fibrous ZrO2 meshes. Individual nanofibers were found to have diameters between 50 and 350 nm and either a tetragonal (t-ZrO2) or monoclinic (t-ZrO2) structure depending on the calcination temperature. The annealed meshes with total porosity between 98.0 ± 0.2% and 94.6 ± 0.2% showed little deformation or cracking. Tensile strength and modulus of fibrous t-ZrO2 meshes strongly depended on porosity and varied from 0.07 ± 0.03 MPa to 1.05 ± 0.3 MPa and from 90 ± 40 MPa to 388 ± 20 MPa, respectively. The m-ZrO2 meshes resulted similar moduli, but much lower strengths due to their brittleness. A power-law relationship between the elastic modulus and porosity of AFES-derived nanofibrous t-ZrO2 meshes, in comparison with other porous zirconia materials, was also investigated. The results of this study have demonstrated the feasibility of free-surface AFES in sizeable production of zirconia nanofibers and highly porous nanofibrous ceramic structures. 相似文献
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Iranian Polymer Journal - The electrospinning of stereocomplexed poly(lactic acid) (Sc-PLA) twisted yarns was our approach to produce PLA-based nanofibrous structures with improved physical and... 相似文献
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Laura M. Hansen Daniel J. Smith Darrell H. Reneker Woraphon Kataphinan 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2005,95(2):427-434
Electrospun nanofibers are made when electrostatic forces overcome the surface tension of a polymer solution, causing an electrically charged jet to be ejected; as the jet travels through the air, the solvent evaporates, leaving behind an electrically charged fiber, which can be collected in the form of a nonwoven sheet. A superabsorbent was added to a polymer solution containing an elastomer (concentrations = 0–85%). The mixture was electrospun, producing nanofibers in which the superabsorbent particles were held in place with nanoscale elastic fibers. The nanofibers were tested for absorbency in water and synthetic urine. Fluid absorption by the nanofibers led to the formation of structured hydrogels. Increases in the weight gain from water absorption ranged from 400 to 5000%. The linear dimensions of samples cut from the nonwoven sheet were measured; wetting the superabsorbent increased the thickness dimension of the sheet dramatically and produced a smaller change in the plane of the sheet. The rate of water absorption was calculated; the samples containing 0–70% superabsorbent reached essentially their maximum absorbency within 5 s. The excellent strength and elasticity of the wet samples make these structured hydrogels ideal for many uses, including wound care, drug delivery, and sanitary goods. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 95: 427–434, 2005 相似文献
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Andre Senecal Joshua Magnone Patrick Marek Kris Senecal 《Reactive and Functional Polymers》2008,68(10):1429-1434
A novel research approach was investigated that has the potential to improve sample preparation for complex matrices. Generation of high surface area nanofibrous membranes with covalently attached molecular recognition elements for selective capture of target biological agents were developed using the electrospinning fabrication technique. Two types of electrospun capture membranes were fabricated containing either carboxyl (COOH) or amine (NH2) functional groups for covalent attachment of antibodies. The carboxyl functional membrane was produced by electrospinning polyvinyl chloride (PVC) formulated to be 1.8% carboxylated. The amine functional membrane was made by co-electrospinning two polymers, water-soluble polyamine and water insoluble polyurethane. Linking of molecular recognition groups, antibodies, to the carboxylated PVC was performed using established crosslinking chemistries. Antigen/antibody experiments were tested on the electrospun membranes. Results showed that electrospun membranes, treated with a secondary antibody used as the analyte, reacted only with its complement as indicated with a chemiluminescent signal. Toxin studies with Staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) were conducted using avidin/biotin chemistries on the electrospun membranes. Experiments were performed using a modified ELISA sandwich assay on the fibrous membranes in the following configuration: avidin–biotinylated SEB antibody–SEB toxin–SEB antibody–HRP. Results have shown that 1–100 ng/ml concentrations of toxin were detected using a chemiluminescent signal detection scheme. 相似文献
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A novel class of high-flux microfiltration filters consisting of an electrospun nanofibrous membrane and a conventional non-woven microfibrous support is being presented. The nanofibrous non-woven layer was fabricated by electrospinning of polyvinylalcohol (PVA) directly onto the microfibrous support and then followed by chemical cross-linking with glutaraldehyde (GA) in acetone. By altering the processing parameters, such as the applied voltage and the distance between the spinneret and the collector, as well as the concentration of PVA solution, electrospun PVA membranes with an average fiber diameter of 100 ± 19 nm were obtained. Characterizations revealed that the mean pore size of the electrospun PVA membranes ranged from 0.30 μm to 0.21 μm with the electrospun PVA membrane thickness varying from 10 m to 100 μm. Due to the high porosity, microfiltration filters based on these electrospun membranes showed 3–7 times higher pure water flux than the Millipore GSWP 0.22 μm membrane. The nanofibrous PVA membranes with an average thickness of 20 μm could successfully reject more than 98% of the polycarboxylate microsphere particles with a diameter of 0.209 ± 0.011 μm, and still maintain 1.5–6 times higher permeate flux than that of the Millipore GSWP 0.22 μm membrane. 相似文献
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Investigation on jet stability,fiber diameter,and tensile properties of electrospun polyacrylonitrile nanofibrous yarns
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Electrospinning is a flexible and efficient method for producing nanofibers by using relatively dilute polymer solution. However, there are many parameters related to material and processing that influence the morphology and property of the nanofibers. This study investigates the influence of electric field and flow rate on diameter and tensile properties of nanofibers produced using polyacrylonitrile (PAN)‐dimethylformamide (DMF) solution. Stability of the spinning jet is investigated via fiber current measurement and an image system at different electric fields and solution flow rates. It is observed that a set of electric field and flow rate conditions favor producing thinnest, strongest, and toughest nanofibers during electrospinning process. Other conditions may lead to instability of the Taylor cone, discontinuous jet, larger diameter fiber, and lower mechanical properties. Finally, a simple dynamic whipping model is adopted to correlate the nanofiber diameter with volumetric charge density and is found to be excellent validating our experimental results. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2015 , 132, 41918. 相似文献
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Wiyong Kangwansupamonkon Walaiwan Tiewtrakoonwat Pitt Supaphol Suda Kiatkamjornwong 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2014,131(21)
Chitosan (CS) blended with poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) was electrospun into nanofibrous mats. The spinning solution of 6.7 : 0.3 (% w/v) of CS : PEO was dissolved in a 70 : 30 (v/v) trifluoroacetic acid/dichloromethane solution. The obtained fibers were smooth without beads on their surfaces and average diameter of the fiber was 272 ± 56 nm. N‐(2‐hydroxyl) propyl‐3‐trimethyl ammonium chitosan chloride (HTACC) and N‐benzyl‐N,N‐dimethyl chitosan iodide (QBzCS) were each prepared from the CS/PEO mats. They were identified by Fourier‐transform infrared and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy and degree of swelling in water. Both quaternized electrospun chitosan mats exhibited superior antibacterial activity to the unmodified electrospun CS/PEO against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli at short contact times. After 4 h of contact, the reduction of both bacterial strains by CS/PEO, HTACC, and QBzCS was equal at about 99–100%. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40981. 相似文献
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Anuradha Elamparithi Alan M. Punnoose Solomon F. D. Paul Sarah Kuruvilla 《国际聚合物材料杂志》2017,66(1):20-27
The generation of in vitro tissue constructs using biomaterials and cardiac cells is a promising strategy for screening novel therapeutics and their effects on cardiac regeneration. Current cardiac mimetic tissue constructs are unable to stably maintain functional characteristics of cardiomyocytes for long-term cultures. The objective of our study was to fabricate and characterize nanofibrous matrices of gelatin for prolonged cultures of primary cardiomyocytes which previously has been used as copolymer or hydrogels. Gelatin nanofibrous matrices were successfully electrospun using a benign binary solvent, cross-linked without swelling and fusing and evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and uniaxial tensile measurement. Scaffolds exhibited modulus 19.6 ± 3.6 kPa similar to native human myocardium tissue with fiber diameters of 200–600 nm and average porosity percentage of 49.9 ± 5.6. Myoblasts showed good cell adhesion and proliferation. Neonatal rat cardiomyocytes cultured on gelatin nanofibrous matrices showing synchronized contracting cardiomyocytes (beating) for 27 days were studied by video microscopy. Confocal microscopic analysis of immunofluorescence stained sections indicated the presence of cardiac specific Troponin T in long-term cultures. Semiquantitative RT-PCR analysis of 3D versus 2D cultures revealed enhanced expression of contractile protein desmin. Our studies show that the biophysical and mechanical properties of electrospun gelatin nanofibers are ideal for in vitro engineered cardiac constructs (ECC), to explore cardiac function in drug testing and tissue replacement. Together with stem cell techniques, they may be an ideal platform for prolongedin vitro studies in alternatives to animal usage for the pharmaceutical industry. 相似文献