高密度聚乙烯导电塑料的性能研究

研究了导电炭黑的品种、含量和炭黑并用对高密度聚乙烯性能的影响。以脉动态硫化对改善ＨＤＰＥ／导电炭黑复合材料物性的影响。结果表明，炭黑并用能有效降低生产成本，而且保持了材料的性能，ＨＧ－４型电导炭黑填充ＨＤＰＥ具有很好的导电性，动态硫化法可以克服复合材料物性差的弱点，并能保持改性材料的高导电性；在ＨＧ－４型炭黑含量为７份时，材料的拉伸强度为１３ＭＰａ，断裂伸长率为３５０％，体积电阻率为２．１Ω·ｍ。     

聚乙烯蜡的性能及应用

综述了聚乙烯蜡的种类、性能、发展前景及应用,重点介绍了制备色母粒所用聚乙烯蜡的关键指标,并报道了用聚乙烯蜡对蜡制品改性的初步结果     

PBT基浅色导电母粒的制备及性能研究

以聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯(PBT)和导电TiO₂为原料,硬脂酸镁为分散剂,利用熔融混合的方法制备导电母粒。采用扫描与透射电镜、高阻仪等测试手段,重点分析了导电TiO₂及分散剂含量对导电母粒的电性能及颗粒分散性的影响。结果表明:随着导电TiO₂含量的增加,导电母粒的电阻率逐渐下降,当TiO₂质量分数大于65%时,电阻率变化趋缓;当分散剂质量分数在1.0%左右时,导电TiO₂的颗粒分散情况较好,且体积电阻率也处于相对较低的水平。     

炭黑／聚乙烯复合导电材料的性能研究

研究了炭黑／聚乙烯复合导电材料的性能、加工工艺、炭黑结构、基础树脂等对材料性能的影响。实验结果表明,材料具有明显的渗滤效应、正温度系数效应和非线性伏安特性。     

炭黑填充聚乙烯导电复合材料的性能研究

研究了炭黑填充聚乙烯导电复合材料的性能及增容剂对其性能的影响。结果表明,炭黑填充聚乙烯导电复合材料具有明显的渗滤效应,当炭黑含量为12%时,复合材料具有较好的导电性能;增容剂(乙烯/辛烯)共聚物(POE)和马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(PE-g-MAH)的加入对复合材料的导电性能没有造成太大的影响,却较好地改善了其冲击强度,加入POE还能有效地改善复合材料的加工性能,并在一定用量范围内提高其热变形温度。     

低密度聚乙烯基碳黑导电复合材料性能研究

制备了低密度聚乙烯基碳黑导电复合材料,并研究了分散剂、抗氧剂、增韧剂、阻燃剂对体系电性能的影响,发现除增韧剂外,其他均能有利于降低材料的体积电阻率。试验中运用均匀设计的方法对体系配方进行了优化,筛选出3个较好的配方,得到了电学、力学和燃烧等性能较好的样品。     

导电PVC的制备和性能研究

通过熔融共混法制备了炭黑/聚氯乙烯(PVC)导电复合材料,研究了炭黑含量对复合材料导电性能、力学性能和微观结构的影响。结果表明:当炭黑含量大于15%时,炭黑颗粒在PVC基体中形成了导通网络;炭黑的加入使导电PVC复合材料的拉伸强度先升高后下降,在其含量为20%时达到最大值,但同时使复合材料的冲击性能显著降低。     

聚乙烯／乙丙橡胶／炭黑高分子导电复合材料的制备

本发明提供了一种液体膨胀橡胶，首先将质量分数为50％～85％的POP和质量分数为1～40％的TDI以及质量分数为2％～40％的丁基橡胶加入反应釜中，在常压下升温至60～90℃，搅拌反应1～3h，降温停放，包装后作为甲组分待用。将质量分数为50％～85％的POP、质量分数为2％～30％的填料、质量分数为5％～30％的交联剂、质量分数为1％～15％的颜料、质量分数为1％～25％的增塑剂搅拌混合后，研磨至其粒度小于40μm，     

聚吡咯一氧化聚乙烯导电材料的制备

采用现场化学氧化聚合方法，制得性能优良的粉末状聚吡咯（ＰＰＹ）一氧化聚乙烯（ＣＰＥ）导电材料。对合成反应的各种影响因素进行了研究，并考查了导电材料的某些性能，该导电材料具有较好的加工稳定性，可望用于电磁屏蔽等领域。     

炭黑／碳化硅复合导电涂料的制备及导电性能研究

制备了一种以炭黑、碳化硅为混合填料的复合导电涂层。研究了炭黑／碳化硅混合填料复合涂层的导电性能,重点研究了混合填料和炭黑种类对涂料导电性能的影响。试验结果表明,混合填料能够明显改善涂层的导电性能,混合填料的炭黑含量在5％时出现渗透阈值,当炭黑含量为25％时电阻率降至10．59Ω·cm。     

高密度聚乙烯/聚酰胺6复合纤维的制备及性能

以高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)为皮,以聚酰胺6(PA 6)为芯,采用皮芯复合纺丝方法制备了HDPE/PA 6复合纤维及复合色丝;对HDPE/PA 6复合纤维制备过程中的组分配比、纺丝与拉伸工艺进行了探讨,对复合纤维的截面形貌、力学性能及其织物的凉感性能进行了表征。结果表明:实验范围内,HDPE与PA 6切片的质量比为40:60时,可纺性良好,HDPE/PA 6复合纤维的初生纤维横截面皮芯结构清晰;当PA 6组分的螺杆挤出温度为260℃时,可纺性较好,在HDPE组分中添加质量分数1%～2%的专用改性母粒,可获得更好的纺丝效果;拉伸倍数为2.6～2.8时,制备的HDPE/PA 6复合纤维断裂强度达3.57～3.82 cN/dtex,且复合纤维面料的接触凉感系数达0.23 J/(cm~2·s),具有良好的接触瞬间凉感性能;制备的棕色HDPE/PA 6复合色丝的表观染色深度达5.437,复合色丝具有较好的染色性能。     

高强高模聚乙烯纤维植物纤维纸基复合材料制备及性能

以高强高模聚乙烯（UHMWPE）短纤维和针叶木浆为原料，通过湿法成型技术结合树脂浸渍热压方法制备了UHMWPE纤维纸基复合材料，研究了原纸制备工艺和浸渍热压工艺对UHMWPE纤维纸基复合材料性能的影响。结果表明，当UHMWPE纤维与针叶木浆质量比为7∶3、针叶木浆打浆度为58°SR、酚醛树脂水溶液质量分数为10%、上胶量为44%、热压工艺为15 min、10 MPa、130℃时，制得的UHMWPE纤维纸基复合材料性能较好。当原纸经过浸渍热压后，所制备的UHMWPE纤维纸基复合材料抗张指数为59.11 N·m/g，与原纸相比抗张指数提高了6.9倍，表面变得更光滑，同时具有较低的介电常数（约1.97）、介质损耗因数（0.45×10–2）和较好的热稳定性。     

Preparation and characterization of microporous polyethylene hollow fiber membranes

Microporous polyethylene (PE) hollow fiber membrane with a porosity of 43% and N₂ permeation of 4.96 cm³ (STP)/cm² s cmHg was prepared by melt‐spinning and cold‐stretching method. It was found that PE with a density higher than 0.96 g/cm³ should be used for the preparation of microporous PE hollow fiber membranes. By increasing the spin–draw ratio, both the porosity and the N₂ permeation of the hollow fiber membranes increased. Annealing the nascent hollow fiber at 115°C for 2 h was suitable for attaining membranes with good performance. By straining the hollow fiber to higher extensions, the amount and size of the micropores in the hollow fiber wall increased, and the N₂ permeation of the membranes increased accordingly. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 84: 203–210, 2002; DOI 10.1002/app.10305     

纤维级超高分子量聚乙烯的制备及性能研究

采用自制新型高效负载型QTE-1催化剂,合成了用于纺丝的纤维级超高分子量聚乙烯(UHM-WPE),进行了中试以及工业化生产;考察了反应温度、反应压力等工艺条件对UHMWPE性能的影响,并考察了其纺丝性能。结果表明:QTE-1催化剂体系聚合活性较高,可达5×104g/(g.h)以上,反应动力学平稳,UHMWPE黏均分子量可达4×106以上;UHMWPE黏均分子量随反应温度的升高而降低,随反应压力的增大而增高;UHMWPE堆密度随反应温度和反应压力升高而增高;UHMWPE中试和工业化生产工艺平稳,产品性能优异,能够较好地满足纺丝要求。UHMWPE纤维断裂强度达28.44 cN/dtex,模量达1 400 cN/dtex。     

聚苯硫醚纤维的制备及性能研究

对聚苯硫醚(PPS)切片进行了熔融纺丝,测定了拉伸倍率、拉伸温度、热定型温度对纤维性能的影响。结果发现,随着拉伸倍率和热定型温度的提高,纤维的断裂强度和熔点都提高,断裂伸长则下降;随着拉伸温度的提高,纤维的熔点降低,断裂强度和双折射率则先降低后升高,出现最低值。在初生纤维的冷结晶温度110℃附近进行拉伸,纤维的断裂强度最低。在310℃对PPS进行纺丝,初生纤维在90℃拉伸4.5倍后,再在180℃紧张热定型5min,获得了断裂强度为3.9 cN/dtex的PPS纤维。     

抗菌丙纶的制备及其性能研究

将抗菌丙纶母粒(含质量分数20％无机载银抗菌粒子)与PP进行熔融共混、切片,再通过熔融纺丝制得抗菌丙纶。扫描电镜观察经表面改性处理的无机抗菌粒子在丙纶中分散较好,大小均匀,且与PP基体具有良好的界面相容性;DSC测试表明:抗菌粒子对PP基体有异相成核作用,使PP结晶度和熔融温度略有提高;加入无机抗菌粒子,降低了丙纶的力学性能,添加量宜1％;通过改变纤维的拉伸倍数,提高抗菌丙纶的力学性能,拉伸倍数为8时,其力学性能最好;该抗菌丙纶对革兰氏阴性和阳性菌的杀菌率都大于99.9％,经水洗后仍有较好的抑菌效果,具有一定的长效抗菌性。     

PET石墨烯复合材料的制备及性能研究

将氧化石墨烯(GO)与精对苯二甲酸(PET)、乙二醇(EG)进行原位聚合,制备了氧化石墨烯/PET(GO/PET)复合材料,研究了氧化石墨烯对PET聚酯的热性能、结晶性能的影响,并制备复合材料纤维,测试了其力学性能.结果表明:GO的加入提高了PET的热稳定性、结晶温度及结晶速率但没有改变PET的成核方式和生长方式.与纯PET相比,加入GO后纤维的拉伸强度降低,断裂伸长率提高,但与低GO含量的PET纤维相比,GO含量较高的PET纤维的拉伸强度更高.     

Preparation and properties of chlorosulfonated polyethylene/organomontmorillonite nanocomposites

Chlorosulfonated polyethylene (CSPE)/organomontmorillonite (OMMT) nanocomposites were prepared by a melt intercalation method. The microstructure of the nanocomposites was characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction. The effects of the OMMT content on the mechanical properties and swelling behavior of the nanocomposites were investigated. The improvement in the thermal stability of the nanocomposites was determined by thermogravimetric analysis. Transmission electron microscopy and X‐ray diffraction showed that CSPE was intercalated into OMMT. When the OMMT content was lower than 12 wt %, the nanocomposites showed excellent tensile properties, which was attributed to nanometer‐scale dispersion. The introduction of a small amount of OMMT also improved the thermal stability and swelling behavior, which was attributed to the gas barrier action of the OMMT layers. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2010     

Preparation and properties of carbon-fiber- and pine-cone-fiber-reinforced high-density polyethylene composites

In this study, we were concerned with the physical properties of carbon-fiber- and pine-cone-fiber-reinforced high-density polyethylene prepared by compression molding. The resulting composites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, and mechanical testing. The results indicate that the manufacturing properties of the composites were improved with the addition of carbon fibers. The FTIR results showed that the carbon-fiber reinforcement of the composites was mainly achieved through physical effects. An appropriate content of carbon-fiber addition improved the interface combination between the fibers and matrix; carbon fibers improve the water absorption of the material, and the relative crystallinity of the composite increased with increasing carbon-fiber addition. With increasing carbon-fiber content, the thermal decomposition temperature of the composites increased, and the thermal stability of the composites improved. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2019 , 136, 47304.     

Preparation and properties of polyethylene terephthalate/polyethylene/near infrared reflective pigment composites

Polyethylene terephthalate/high density polyethylene (PET/HDPE) composites containing a near infrared reflective (NIR, nickel antimony titanium yellow rutile) pigment was prepared using ethylene‐glycidyl methacrylate‐vinyl acetate (EGMA‐VA) as a compatibilizer to increase the infrared reflection of PET/HDPE and limit the thermal heat accumulation in light of environmental and energy conservation concerns. HDPE was premixed with NIR to form N‐HDPE masterbatch. A good interfacial bonding between PET matrix and HDPE dispersed phase with the help of compatibilizer was confirmed through Fourier transform‐infrared spectra, scanning electron microscopy, and torque rheometer. For PET/N‐HDPE composites, the major X‐ray diffraction peaks and melting behaviors remained unchanged, indicating the limited alternation of crystalline structure for the composite systems with or without compatibilizer. The observed increment in the crystallization temperature of PET for the investigated PET/N‐HDPE composites was mainly due to the nucleation role of both inorganic NIR and HDPE. Tensile strength and elongation at break for compatibilized cases at various N‐HDPE contents conferred higher values than those of the corresponding counterparts without compatibilizer. Yet, Young's modulus for compatibilized systems was about 40% lower than that for systems without compatibilizer, attributed to the rubbery nature of EGMA‐VA. With the inclusion of NIR into HDPE to form PET/N‐HDPE composites with or without EGMA‐VA compatibilizer, the values of reflectance increased to a great degree. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014 , 131, 40830.