低缺陷密度和平整表面的硅基砷化镓外延

Device-quality GaAs thin films have been grown on miscut Ge-on-Si substrates by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. A method of two-step epitaxy of GaAs is performed to achieve a high-quality top-layer. The initial thin buffer layer at 360 ℃ is critical for the suppression of anti-phase boundaries and threading dislocations. The etch pit density ofGaAs epilayers by KOH etching could reach 2.25 × 10^5 cm^-2 and high-quality GaAs top epilayers are observed by transmission electron microscopy. The band-to-band photoluminescence property of GaAs epilayers on different substrates is also investigated and negative band shifts of several to tens of meVs are found because of tensile strains in the GaAs epilayers. To achieve a smooth surface, a polishing process is performed, followed by a second epitaxy of GaAs. The root-mean-square roughness of the GaAs surface could be less than 1 nm, which is comparable with that of homo-epitaxial GaAs. These low-defect and smooth GaAs epilayers on Si are desirable for GaAs-based devices on silicon substrates.     

AlGaSb/GaSb量子阱生长在优化的AlSb成核层

在GaSb缓冲层上生长5个周期的量子阱,通过优化AlSb成核层的生长温度和生长速率。平面透射电镜像确定的穿透位错密度为2.50 ± 0.91×108 cm-2,高分辨透射电镜清晰的表明AlSb/GaAs界面出现90°位错阵列,其位错的平均间距为5.4 nm,这些位错有效的释放了应变能。在26 K到300 K的温度区间,量子阱的荧光峰主要是基态电子与基态重空穴发光,然而当温度超过76 K时,观察到了基态电子到基态轻空穴的发光。     

MOCVD法制备MgZnO合金薄膜

采用金属有机化学气相沉积方法在C面蓝宝石衬底上生长MgxZn1-xO合金薄膜.c轴取向的MgxZn1-xO薄膜在600～630℃温度下沉积. 通过X射线衍射和透射光谱研究了薄膜的结构和光学特性. 研究表明当x的取值小于等于0.39时,合金薄膜保持ZnO的六角形纤锌矿结构,没有观察到MgO分相,此时薄膜的能带宽度可以在3.3～3.95eV之间调节.     

利用分子束外延生长高质量应变平衡InAs/InAsSb Ⅱ类超晶格

利用分子束外延技术在GaSb衬底上生长了高质量的InAs/InAsSb（无Ga）Ⅱ类超晶格。超晶格的结构由100个周期组成,每个周期分别是3.8 nm厚的InAs层和1.4 nm厚的InAs_0.66Sb_0.34层。在实验过程中出现了一种特殊的尖峰状缺陷。利用高分辨率x射线衍射（HRXRD）、原子力显微镜（AFM）和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）对外延的超晶格进行了表征和分析。结果表明,优化后的样品几乎为零晶格失配,超晶格0级峰半峰宽为39.3 arcsec,表面均方根粗糙度在10 μm×10 μm范围内达到1.72 ?。红外吸收光谱显示50%的截止波长为4.28 μm,PL谱显示InAs/InAs_0.66Sb_0.34超晶格4.58 μm处有清晰锐利的发光峰。这些结果表明,外延生长的InAs/InAsSb超晶格稳定性和重复性良好,值得进一步的研究。     

低温MOCVD法沉积的GaN/GaAs(001)薄膜中的孪晶现象

采用同步辐射XRD极图法对低温MOCVD生长的GaN缓冲层薄膜进行了研究.极图研究表明,低温GaN薄膜中除有正常结晶外还存在一次孪晶和二次孪晶.在χ固定为55°时的{111}ψ扫描中发现了异常的Bragg衍射峰,表明GaN/GaAs(001)低温生长中孪晶现象非常明显.GaAs(001)表面上出现的{111}小面极性会在生长初期影响孪晶成核,实验结果表明孪晶更易在{111}B面即N面上成核.     

Twinning in Low-Temperature MOCVD Grown GaN on (001) GaAs Substrate

GaN buffer layers (thickness ～60nm) grown on GaAs(001) by low-temperature MOCVD are investigated by X-ray diffraction pole figure measurements using synchrotron radiation in order to understand the heteroepitaxial growth features of GaN on GaAs(001) substrates.In addition to the epitaxially aligned crystallites,their corresponding twins of the first and the second order are found in the Xray diffraction pole figures.Moreover,{111} φ scans with χ at 55°reveal the abnormal distribution of Bragg diffractions.The extra intensity maxima in the pole figures shows that the process of twinning plays a dominating role during the growth process.It is suggested that the polarity of {111} facets emerged on (001) surface will affect the growth twin nucleation at the initial stages of GaN growth on GaAs(001) substrates.It is proposed that twinning is prone to occurring on {111}B,Nterminated facets.     

Ⅲ-Ⅴ族化合物超薄层外延生长新技术——原子层外延

本文概述了Ⅲ-Ⅴ族化合物原子层外延(ALE),重点介绍了脉冲喷射(PJ)-ALF、氯化物-ALE和增强迁移外延(MEE)。ALE生长层厚度对生长参数,如源气体分压、生长温度和生长时间都不敏感,主要取决于ALE周期数目,因此ALE又称“数字外延”。与传统的MBE和MOCVD相比,ALE具有生长层厚度更均匀、缺陷密度更低、选择外廷中无边缘生长以及侧壁外延可控制到单原子层等优点。文中还讨论了ALEⅢ-Ⅴ族化合物电学性能和应用。     

Implant Compositional Disordering on InGaAs／InP MQW Structures

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物理气相传输法生长大尺寸AlN晶体及其性质表征

利用物理气相传输法生长了直径40～50 mm、厚约8～10 mm的AlN多晶锭,最大晶粒尺寸为5 mm.用喇曼散射和阴极荧光谱研究了AlN晶体的结晶质量、缺陷和结构特性.分析了不同温度下AlN晶体的导电特性,并确定在AlN晶体中存在一个激活能约为0.98eV的深能级缺陷.结合这些结果分析了PVT法生长条件对AlN体单晶生长和晶体质量的影响.     

物理气相传输法生长大尺寸AlN晶体及其性质表征

利用物理气相传输法生长了直径40～50 mm、厚约8～10 mm的AlN多晶锭,最大晶粒尺寸为5 mm.用喇曼散射和阴极荧光谱研究了AlN晶体的结晶质量、缺陷和结构特性.分析了不同温度下AlN晶体的导电特性,并确定在AlN晶体中存在一个激活能约为0.98eV的深能级缺陷.结合这些结果分析了PVT法生长条件对AlN体单晶生长和晶体质量的影响.     

GaInP/GaInAs 叠层太阳电池的结构设计及优化

我们计算了单级联GaInP/GaInAs叠层太阳能电池理论转换效率,在实验上它通常生长在GaAs衬底上。相比于传统的GaInP2/GaAs叠层电池,通过对禁带宽度组合的优化,我们得到了更高转换效率的体系结构。这里,对于所考虑禁带组合1.83eV/1.335eV,计算结果表明,当对其结构进行优化后（即顶电池GaInP厚度为1550nm,底电池GaInAs厚度为5500nm),其理论转换效率可以达到40.45% (300suns,AM1.5d),另外鉴于它相对于GaAs衬底较低的晶格失配（0.43%),在未来它将更具有应用前途。     

并四苯晶体的物理气相沉积

设计了水平沉积系统,物理气相生长了并四苯晶体。仅用10－30mg的源,得到了面积达20mm^2的片状晶体。报道了可重复性的晶体生长条件。测试表明,晶体表面光滑,结构非常有序。     

硅基Ⅲ-Ⅴ族纳米线及其若干半导体器件

综述了硅基Ⅲ-Ⅴ族纳米线与异质结制备技术的研究进展.针对基于Ⅲ-Ⅴ族纳米线的半导体器件,重点介绍了硅基Ⅲ-Ⅴ族纳米线场效应晶体管的研究现状,详细介绍了硅基Ⅲ-Ⅴ族纳米线场效应晶体管和隧穿场效应晶体管的制备流程、工艺技术和器件的电学性能,并对影响器件电学性能的因素进行了分析.概括介绍了硅基Ⅲ-Ⅴ族纳米线激光器和硅基Ⅲ-Ⅴ族纳米线太阳电池的研究成果,基于硅衬底的Ⅲ-Ⅴ族纳米线太阳电池为低成本、高效能的太阳电池领域开辟了新途径.研究结果表明,采用硅基Ⅲ-Ⅴ族纳米线制备的场效应晶体管、激光器及太阳电池等半导体器件相对于Si,Ge等传统半导体材料制备的器件有着巨大的优势,在未来集成电路技术中具有越来越大的影响力.     

＞35％ 5-junction space solar cells based on the direct bonding technique

Multijunction solar cells are the highest efficiency photovoltaic devices yet demonstrated for both space and terrestri-al applications.In recent years five-junction cells based on the direct semiconductor bonding technique (SBT),demonstrates space efficiencies ＞35％ and presents application potentials.In this paper,the major challenges for fabricating SBT 5J cells and their appropriate strategies involving structure tunning,band engineering and material tailoring are stated,and 4-cm235.4％(AM0,one sun) 5J SBT cells are presented.Further efforts on detailed optical managements are required to improve the cur-rent generating and matching in subcells,to achieve efficiencies 36％-37％,or above.     

Defect microstructure in low temperature epitaxial silicon grown by RPCVD

Defect characterization of epitaxial silicon films grown by low temperature remote plasmaenhanced chemical vapor deposition (RPCVD) under various conditions is discussed. The film morphology and crystallinity have been examined by defect etching/Nomarski optical microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. Prior to epitaxial growth, anex situ wet chemical clean and anin situ remote hydrogen plasma clean were performed to remove the native oxide as well as other surface contaminants such as carbon. A damage-free (100) Si surface with extremely low concentrations of carbon and oxygen as confirmed byin situ Auger electron spectroscopy can be achieved using this cleaning technique at temperatures as low as 250°. Low temperature Si homoepitaxy was achieved by RPCVD on lightly doped (100) Si substrates. Growth parameters such as silane flow rate (partial pressure), chamber pressure, and substrate temperature were varied during epitaxial growth to investigate the dependence of film quality on these parameters. For comparison,in situ remote hydrogen plasma and epitaxial growth were also performed on heavily dopedp-type (100) Si substrates. Finally, the results of epitaxial growth at temperatures as low as 150° are presented.