Advantage of heat insulation made of materials with natural porosity

Various heat insulation materials produced at home and abroad are compared. The advantage of using natural nano-structured materials is substantiated. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 7, pp. 41–44, July 2008.     

高温隔热材料的研究现状及发展趋势

资源节约型社会背景下碳中和目标的提出促进了低能耗低排放的产业项目,高温隔热材料因优异的隔热、保温及热稳定性能而备受航空航天、工业熔炉等领域的密切关注.概述了高温隔热材料的热传导、热对流及热辐射机理,介绍了稳态及非稳态的隔热材料导热系数测试方法,阐述了多孔、纤维状及纳米气凝胶隔热材料的研究现状,并对高温隔热材料的发展趋势...     

氧化硅气凝胶绝热材料及其建筑减碳应用

无机氧化硅气凝胶因具有超低导热系数、A级不燃、吸湿率低、轻质等特点,在航天航空、工业及建筑领域的节能减碳方面具有广泛的应用潜力。然而氧化硅气凝胶力学性能差、制备成本高等缺点限制了其发展应用。介绍了氧化硅气凝胶绝热材料制备工艺的研究进展,对氧化硅气凝胶在建筑领域的应用形式（如超轻气凝胶泡沫混凝土、超高性能气凝胶保温隔热板、超低传热系数气凝胶节能玻璃等）进行了综述,并对氧化硅气凝胶在建筑节能领域的发展方向进行了展望。响应碳中和发展目标,随着气凝胶制备技术的发展与成本降低,氧化硅气凝胶绝热材料将在建筑墙体保温隔热方面广泛应用,同时对其性能提出了更多功能性要求,对氧化硅气凝胶材料还需开展更系统的基础研究以及工程应用技术研发,推动建筑领域的节能减碳与可持续发展。     

Analysis of the properties of heat insulation materials based on Tatar deposit vermiculite

Development of a new lining material with high chemical and deformation resistance based on vermiculite is described. Properties of the objects obtained are provided that are not surpassed by overseas analogs. This achievement is due to the use of a rational combination of raw material properties and technology regime parameters. In efficiency, material based on vermiculite may replace diatomite materials used traditionally. Use of objects based on vermiculite, having a density lower by a factor of three and lower thermal conductivity by a factor of six instead of traditional heat insulation material, i.e. chamotte, opens the possibility of a reduction in material content. The higher deformation resistance of the material promotes an increase in electrolyzer service life. Therefore, objects based on vermiculite may be used successfully for heat insulation not only in non-ferrous metallurgy installations, but also in thermal power engineering equipment, and in the construction of objects for industrial and domestic purposes. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 3, pp. 5 – 10, March 2009.     

新型铝酸钙保温材料——"CALUTHERM"

水热处理的硅酸钙制品可用于大量工业中的高温领域。生产一种类似的CaO-Al2O3系保温材料的观点可追溯到30年前。以铝酸钙为基础的CALUTHERM,就是这样一种保温材料,其使用温度高达1 600℃。由于具有良好的高温性能和化学稳定性,CALUTHERM广泛应用于玻璃、陶瓷、钢铁和有色冶金等行业。本文将介绍其两个特殊的用途,即用于盐窑中和作为陶瓷纤维的替代品。     

高温沙漠地区隔热耐磨单层衬里整体现浇法施工

结合工程实例,介绍了在高温沙漠地区,在社会依托条件和气候条件都很差的情况下,为控制隔热耐磨单层衬里的整体质量,采取了有效降温、加入缓凝剂、控制水化热、合理制作安装模板、严格衬里混凝土的加工及浇注、切实可行的施工部署等措施,确保了“整体现浇法”的顺利实现。     

Experimental study of the thermal conductivity of heat insulation materials based on expanded vermiculite

Results are presented for experimental studies of the thermal conductivity of expanded vermiculite. Tests are performed in an experimental test unit by a steady-state heat flux. Thermal studies are carried out in the range 300–1100 K. It is shown that thermal conductivity increases uniformly with an increase in temperature. The most probable reason for an increase in thermal conductivity is the effect of heat radiation. Results are provided for an approximate second power polynomial. __________ Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 11, pp. 41–43, November 2007.     

Use of fibrous materials for heat insulation of bottom tubes of continuous soaking pits

Conclusions A system for two-layer heat insulation of bottom tubes of continuous soaking pits has been developed; it consists of shaped refractory blocks made by vibrocasting and insulating sleeves of high-alumina wool. Tests on a model reveal that the insulation is very stable and that scale does not penetrate it; the heat losses through the insulation were reduced by 78% below those from an unprotected tube.Translated from Ogneupory, No. 5, pp. 24–27, May, 1979.     

Effect of thermal insulation on microstructural homogeneity and onset temperature of flash sintered materials

The present work aimed to reduce the microstructure heterogeneity inherent to flash sintering by using alumina blankets as a thermal insulator around ZnO cylindrical samples during the sintering process, under different electric field conditions. Thermal insulation significantly reduced the flash onset temperature and the grain size heterogeneity. For higher electric fields, a temperature reduction as high as 480 °C was observed, which also led to lower densification. These findings were discussed in terms of changes in the heat loss dynamics coupled with the adsorbed water retention, both promoted by the applied thermal insulation. A model to estimate the temperature at stage III of flash sintering was proposed. The final temperature reached with thermal insulation did not differ significantly from the ones without it. Thus, thermal insulation could represent an alternative route to flash sinter materials with lower furnace temperatures with energy savings up to 78 % and a more homogeneous microstructure.     

脲醛树脂石蜡微胶囊的制备及其在保温隔热涂料中的应用

以脲醛树脂为壳材料,质量比为1:1:1的液体石蜡、十八烷和固体石蜡组成的混合物为芯材,用原位聚合的方法制备了脲醛树脂石蜡微胶囊,采用红外光谱分析和扫描电子显微镜对微胶囊进行了表征,使用差示扫描量热仪(DSC)研究了石蜡微胶囊的热性能及相变温度。将该微胶囊制成保温隔热涂料,测定了涂料的保温隔热效果及其机械性能。结果显示,脲醛树脂成功包覆了石蜡,微胶囊表面粗糙,粒径为10μm左右,其相变温度分别为2.1°C、15.1°C和42.9°C,相变焓为50.1J/g。与仅含钛白粉的空白涂料相比,添加了空心玻璃微珠、改性硅藻土和脲醛树脂石蜡微胶囊制备的保温隔热涂料最大温差11.5°C,平均温差9.7°C,涂层的机械性能符合国标要求。     

Producing alumosilicate heat insulation components with ethyl silicate binder

The company has developed a technology for making alumosilicate heat insulating components (lightweight) with ethyl silicate binder. Industrial tests have been performed and regular production has been initiated. Translated from Novye Ogneupory, No. 12, pp. 19–21, December, 2008.     

玻璃纤维保温过滤毡的开发与应用

本文介绍了玻纤保温过滤毡的生产工艺、技术要点，以及产品的主要性能特点和规格型号，并分别介绍了在保温、消音、空气过滤等几方面的应用。     

聚氨酯保温材料在外墙保温系统的应用

综述了聚氨酯外墙外保温施工技术的发展历程及聚氨酯保温材料在外墙保温系统的应用。聚氨酯外墙内保温系统施工成本低、操作简单,但能耗高,尤其室内温度较低的时候,室内的热量会大量通过钢筋混凝土楼板传送到外侧,增加了供热设备的能耗。聚氨酯外墙外保温系统的保温效果更好,但由于聚氨酯保温材料较厚,在与墙体黏结的时候,会出现结构不稳定的现象。因此研究聚氨酯外墙保温系统的发展及应用对节约资源具有重要的意义。     

建筑隔热涂料综述

文章阐述了隔热涂料的种类,介绍了国内外建筑外墙隔热涂料的研究现状以及发展趋势,同时概述了玻璃用透明隔热纳米涂料的研究进展,最后指出了建筑环保节能保温涂料研究中存在的问题。