共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 156 毫秒
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基于代数网络和混沌参数的碰摩声发射源定位方法研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对时差定位法受不同模式波速度差异及波形传播畸变等因素影响的问题,将神经网络技术应用到声发射源定位中.为了克服传统BP算法训练时间长和精度不够高的缺点,提出代数神经网络概念,在网络训练阶段引入代数算法.将复杂的非线性优化问题转化为简单的代数方程组求解问题,直接获得最优点,大大缩短了网络的学习时间.同时作为定位特征研究分析了转子碰摩声发射信号的非线性动力学特性,提出了关联维数、最大Lyapunov指数和Kolmogoroy熵等声发射源的非线性动力学新特征,并将其作为神经网络的输入定位特征.实验结果表明,利用这些声发射源的非线性动力学特征和神经网络结合能较好地解决了碰摩声发射源定位问题,为转子碰摩故障诊断提供依据,具有良好的应用前景和进一步研究的价值. 相似文献
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基于声信号三维谱分析的转子复合碰摩故障特征提取 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
转子在运行过程中的声音包含了大量的转子运行状态信号,变速过程中故障声信号特征的提取及其识别对于旋转机械故障诊断是极其必要的,目前基于声信号三维谱分析的转子故障特征提取还不多,在对转子旋转机械中的一些典型产生的碰摩故障及复合碰摩故障进行了试验模拟,对故障发生过程中的声信号进行采集的基础上,对转子故障声信号的三维谱特性进行了分析。提取和总结出由故障造成的声信号突变和对应的声谱特征。分析结果表明:采用声信号对转子的碰摩故障进行诊断是有效的。声信号三维谱图丰富旋转机械碰摩故障诊断系统知识库中的特征信息,可以用于更准确地诊断转子中的碰摩故障。 相似文献
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为了有效控制旋转机械噪声,利用信号处理技术对整机或部件进行噪声源识别是十分必要的,噪声源准确识别可以为故障诊断和结构优化提供依据。首先论述建立均匀线性近场声阵列模型以获得空间声场数据的方法。其次,在传统波束形成结果基础上,利用反卷积法从中提取所需声场信息以实现对声源面可视化重构。接着,在所搭建转子噪声试验台上,利用近场声阵列提取各种工况下噪声信号,并识别出轴承以及盘轴连接处为转子主要噪声源,验证了基于声源成像反卷积法均匀线性近场声阵列在旋转机械噪声源识别方面的可行性。 相似文献
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基于定子振动的转子碰摩故障诊断方法研究 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
转子碰摩会引发转子和定子的振动,但由于转子系统的很多常见故障(如不对中、不平衡等)与碰摩故障的转子振动特征多有重复之处,在很大程度上限制了故障的有效诊断.于是以定子振动信号为诊断源,研究了碰摩故障的诊断技术.首先分析了定子振动的机理,认为碰摩时定子受到冲击力作用,会引发定子固有频率振动,提出可采用共振解调法进行碰摩故障的诊断.利用IFFT方法进行了定子固有振动信号的分离,再进行希尔伯特变换,得到其包络信号,并对其进行谱分析,从而完成分析诊断过程.最后进行了单点碰摩和局部碰摩的故障模拟实验,结果表明定子高频固有振动包络信号可以揭示碰摩故障的发生,结合角度定位信号,可以对转子碰摩故障进行定位. 相似文献
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在旋转机械故障诊断中,声发射信号极易受到噪声的干扰。针对经验模态分解(EMD)易产生模态混叠现象,提出了一种基于经验小波变换(Empirical Wavelet Transform,EWT)的消噪和旋转机械声发射碰摩故障诊断的方法。利用了EMD和小波变换的优点,通过对傅里叶频谱进行自适应划分,并构建小波滤波器组来提取声发射信号所包含的不同固有模态分量,可有效消除模态混叠现象,同时对分量进行Hilbert变换从而实现声发射信号的消噪和故障诊断。采用该方法对仿真信号进行加噪声和消噪处理,在同信号源下,对比基于d B4全阈值消噪、d B4默认软阈值消噪、d B4对高频系数处理消噪和EMD消噪效果。并将该方法应用到实际的声发射碰摩信号中。仿真和实验分析结果表明:EWT方法可以有效地分解出信号的固有模态,分解出的模态少,并且不存在难以解释的虚假模态,消噪效果优于其他方法,并且在声发射故障诊断中也有较大的优势。 相似文献
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为解决转子碰摩损伤声发射信号分类及解释难题,应用PCI-2声发射系统和WS-ZHT1型多功能转子实验台组成转子碰摩声发射检测系统,采集转子局部碰摩声发射信号,通过理论分析声发射信号特征和小波基函数性质,dB8小波适合提取声发射信号特征;碰摩产生大量声发射信号,大量声发射信号的统计特性蕴涵较多碰摩信息。对不同转速条件下不同检测位置碰摩声发射信号的统计分析表明,声发射信号的功率谱密度集中在100~400 kHz。声发射信号平均幅值、平均能量可作为区分转子碰摩程度特征参数;功率谱主频可作为区分声发射相对位置特征参数,结论与碰摩类型无关。 相似文献
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摘 要:针对移动滚动轴承非接触声发射检测中,一个故障源信号可能被多个传感器采集,致使这些声信号包含故障信息不完整且存在重叠的问题,综合考虑声波传播理论、多传感器声信号时差关系、滚动轴承典型故障撞击频率等,建立滚动轴承故障非接触多传感器声信号融合方法。建立滚动轴承故障非接触多传感器声发射检测试验台,分别采集移动滚动轴承滚动体、外圈和内圈故障声信号。采用融合方法对同声源信号进行处理,利用信号相似理论证明了融合信号与故障源信号的相似程度高于各传感器声信号。采用声发射累计撞击计数法对融合处理后的滚动轴承不同故障声信号进行分析。结果表明,该融合算法能有效地处理多传感器接收的同声源信号,可利用融合后信号进行准确的故障识别。 相似文献
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The simulation of acoustic emission waveforms resulting from failure during mechanical loading of carbon fiber reinforced
plastic structures is investigated using a finite element simulation approach. For this investigation we focus on the dominant
failure mechanisms in fiber reinforced structures consisting of matrix cracking, fiber breakage and fiber-matrix interface
failure. To simulate the failure process accurately, we present a new acoustic emission source model that is based on the
microscopic source geometry and micromechanical properties of fiber and resin. We demonstrate that based on this microscopic
source model these failure mechanisms result in excitation of macroscopic plate waves. The propagation of these plate waves
is described using a macroscopic three-dimensional model geometry which includes contributions of reflections from the specimen
boundaries. We further present a model of the acoustic emission sensors used in experiments to simulate the influence of aperture
effects. To enhance the understanding of correlation between macroscopically detectable acoustic emission signals and microscopic
failure mechanisms we simulate the response to different source excitation times, crack surface displacements and displacement
directions. The results obtained show good agreement with fundamental assumptions about the crack process reported by various
other authors. The simulated acoustic emission signals obtained are compared to experimentally measured waveforms during four-point
bending experiments of carbon fiber reinforced plastic structures. The simulated signals of fiber-breakage, matrix-cracking
and fiber-matrix interface failure show systematic agreement with the respective experimental signals. 相似文献
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This paper presents a study to understand the physical nature of fatigue crack growth as an acoustic emission source and detectability of the crack length form the recorded acoustic emission signal in plate structures. For most of the thin walled engineering structures, the acoustic emission detection through sensor network has been well established. However, the majority of the research is focused on prediction of the acoustic emission due to fatigue crack growth using stochastic methods. Where, stochastic models are used to predict the criticality of the damage. The scope of this research is to use predictive simulation method for acoustic emission signals and extract the damage related information from acoustic emission signals based on physics of material. This approach is in contrast with the traditional approach involving statistics of acoustic emissions and their relation with damage criticality. In this article, first, we present our approach to understand fatigue crack growth as source of acoustic emission using physics of guided wave propagation in FEM. Then, using this physical understanding, we present our investigation on detectability of crack lengths directly from crack-generated acoustic emission signals. Finally, we present our method to extract fatigue crack length information from acoustic emission signals recorded during fatigue crack growth. 相似文献
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Shizeng Lu Qingmei Sui Huijun Dong Yaozhang Sai Lei Jia 《Journal of Modern Optics》2013,60(8):742-749
Acoustic emission location is important for finding the structural crack and ensuring the structural safety. In this paper, an acoustic emission location method by using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors and particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm were investigated. Four FBG sensors were used to form a sensing network to detect the acoustic emission signals. According to the signals, the quadrilateral array location equations were established. By analyzing the acoustic emission signal propagation characteristics, the solution of location equations was converted to an optimization problem. Thus, acoustic emission location can be achieved by using an improved PSO algorithm, which was realized by using the information fusion of multiple standards PSO, to solve the optimization problem. Finally, acoustic emission location system was established and verified on an aluminum alloy plate. The experimental results showed that the average location error was 0.010 m. This paper provided a reliable method for aluminum alloy structural acoustic emission location. 相似文献
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Fracture source location in thin plates using the wavelet transform of dispersive waves 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Jeong H Jang YS 《IEEE transactions on ultrasonics, ferroelectrics, and frequency control》2000,47(3):612-619
A new signal processing approach was presented for acoustic emission source location using the dispersive waves in a thin plate. For wave propagation in dispersive media, the accuracy of source location can be improved by using the arrival times of a single frequency component in the output signals at an array of sensors. The wavelet transform (WT) was used to resolve this problem. By utilizing the time-frequency data of the WT, the frequency-dependent arrival time traveling with the group velocity was shown to be easily determined. Experiments were performed using a lead break as the simulated fracture source on the surface of an aluminum plate. Two plate modes corresponding to the S(0) and A(0) Lamb waves were identified, and their group velocities were accurately measured. The source location results based on the WT method agreed well with the true locations. The WT method was also compared with the cross correlation technique, and both methods provide similar results. 相似文献
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