回火温度对9Ni钢低温韧度的影响研究

为了研究不同回火温度对9Ni钢低温韧度的影响,利用OM、SEM、TEM对试验钢微观组织和断口形貌进行观察分析,研究表明:在550~600℃范围内回火,9Ni钢强度和韧度达到最佳匹配,且其他各项性能也达到最佳;回转奥氏体、碳化物及回转奥氏体诱发马氏体相变等均对低温韧度产生重要影响。     

热处理工艺对高强度含铜9Ni钢组织和性能的影晌

随着液化天然气（LNG）储罐朝着大型化发展,在不增加容器壁厚的情况下,必须提高钢板强度。在传统9Ni钢中添加Cu,通过析出强化,使其强度水平得到显著提高。提出一种新型含1．25％Cu（质量分数）9Ni钢。试验钢经过控轧直接淬火（DQ）;研究了DO材料分别经过1）QLT（奥氏体（γ）单相区淬火（Q）＋两相区（α＋γ）淬火...     

QLT处理9%Ni钢低温拉伸性能的研究

 对QLT处理后的9%Ni钢在室温和低温下进行拉伸试验,采用X射线法对拉伸前后样品中的奥氏体含量进行了测试,利用透射分析拉伸试样断口附近的显微组织,研究了低温拉伸过程中逆转变奥氏体/马氏体对QLT处理9%Ni钢拉伸变形行为的影响。研究表明：QLT处理9%Ni钢在20~-196℃系列温度拉伸时,随试验温度的降低,强度和均匀伸长率均提高、屈强比降低。逆转变奥氏体在拉伸时发生相变而改善了9%Ni钢的低温塑性。     

Banded Microstructure Formation and Its Effect on the Performance of 06Ni9 Steel

Focusing on the banded microstructure formed during the production of 06Ni9 steels for cryo-LNG,this paper examines its formation,distribution of alloying elements,structure,hardness,and low-temperature property.The results show that the banded microstructure formed after hot-rolling and cooling of the steel binct in which the element segregation occurred during solidification.The phase change during heat treatment also can cause the formation of the banded microstructure of 06Ni9 steel.The white bands are mainly composed of ferrite and reversed austenite,and the black bands are mainly composed of reversed austenite and a certain amount of ferrite.Element segregation and formation of more carbide caused some black regions to appear.Grain refinement of 06Ni9steel is beneficial to the formation of reversed austenite,the redistribution of alloying elements,improving the stability of austenite and the low-temperature toughness of steel.This steel easily undergoes nickel segregation;thus,undergoing a secondary quenching and tempering process is recommended.The refinement of martensite quenching above A c3,the martensite that is rich in nickel and carbon,residual austenite and a few little of ferrite after secondary quenching lower than A c3 are beneficial to the formation of high stability austenite.Thus,this can meet the strength and toughness requirement of the low temperature 06Ni9 steel.     

两相区热处理工艺对9NiCrMo钢强韧性的影响

 研究了淬火＋回火（QT）和淬火＋两相区淬火＋回火（QLT）2种热处理工艺对9NiCrMo钢力学性能的影响,分别采用OM和SEM观察了微观组织结构,利用X射线衍射和透射电镜研究了不同热处理后逆转变奥氏体的含量及其分布,进而分析了该工艺对9NiCrMo钢力学性能的影响规律及其机理。结果表明：两相区热处理能够在保证强度级别的同时,有效改善9NiCrMo钢的低温韧性,生成的双相组织及改变了逆转变奥氏体的分布状态是其提高钢低温韧性的主要原因。     

Formation of Reversed Austenite in High Temperature Tempering Process and its Effect on Mechanical Properties of Cr15 Super Martensitic Stainless Steel Alloyed with Copper

Formation mechanism of the reversed austenite of Cr15 super martensitic stainless steel (SMSS) alloyed with copper after high temperature tempering was investigated by means of thermo‐calc software, transmission electron microscope (TEM), and X‐ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties of the SMSS were also tested. The experimental results show that the reversed austenite with low dislocation density is formed at high temperature tempering processing. The transformation of the martensite to reversed austenite is a diffused phase transformation, and the growth of the reversed austenite is closely related to the diffusion process of Ni. The bulk reversed austenite with large amount of stacking faults is formed with the increase of the tempering temperature. The volume fraction of reversed austenite increases at first and then decreases with increasing tempering temperature, and the maximum amount of the reversed austenite is obtained at 650°C. The reversed austenite is unstable at the tempering temperature above 650°C and the martensitic phase transformation will occur at the following cooling process. The mechanical properties of Cr15 super martensitic stainless steel are significantly influenced by the volume fraction of reversed austenite.     

回火温度对热轧双相钢组织和力学性能影响研究

研究了100~300℃回火对0.054C-1.18Si-1.16Mn-0.49Cr成分热轧双相钢DP600的显微组织和力学性能的影响。结果表明:回火温度主要影响热轧双相钢中铁素体位错密度和马氏体微观结构;随着回火温度的增加,热轧双相钢中铁素体可动位错密度降低,马氏体部分发生分解,析出碳化物;回火温度对抗拉强度影响不大,对屈服强度和屈强比的影响显著,175℃以上回火,热轧双相钢屈服强度显著提高,并出现屈服平台,150℃以下回火热轧双相钢屈服强度增加不明显,不出现屈服现象。     

铌对9%Ni钢焊条熔敷金属组织和性能的影响

 研制9%Ni钢焊条的难点在于满足熔敷金属强度和塑性指标的前提下提高其低温韧性。本文在9%Ni钢焊条熔敷金属力学性能分析的基础上,采用彩色金相分析、扫描电镜分析、X射线衍射分析技术研究了Nb对9%Ni钢焊条熔敷金属组织和性能的影响。试验结果表明,熔敷金属中Nb的加入,形成了共格有序的金属间化合物γ'相(Ni3Nb)作为强化相,使熔敷金属得到有效的强化,但当Nb含量过高时,会形成是脆性的金属间化合物Laves相,导致熔敷金属低温韧性下降。Nb含量较低时,随着Nb含量的增加,熔敷金属强度和塑性显著提高,同时低温韧性下降很少。当Nb含量达到3.5(wt%)时,熔敷金属的强度和塑性继续提高,但低温韧性指标明显下降。     

QLT处理含镍9%的钢Lamellar结构/逆转变奥氏体形成的动力学模拟

 分析了9%Ni钢淬火试样经临界淬火形成Lamellar结构的过程。采用Thermo Calc/Dictra计算模拟方法,对Lamellar结构与逆转变奥氏体形成的热/动力学过程及加热温度 时间耦合条件、合金成分的分布特征等进行了模拟,模拟结果与实测结果吻合较好。可为材料组织结构的精确控制、实际热处理工艺参数的准确制订及相关成分的优化设计提供重要参考依据。     

9Ni钢薄板的奥氏体化温度及强韧化因素分析

研究了奥氏体化温度对9Ni钢薄板组织性能的影响,并分析了薄板与厚板低温韧性差异的原因。奥氏体化温度高于800℃后,随着奥氏体化温度升高,奥氏体化温度对逆转奥氏体（γ′）的体积分数没有影响;奥氏体化后奥氏体晶粒尺寸减小,晶粒趋于等轴;组织均匀化程度提高;最终组织中取向差大于1 5°区域尺寸减小,低温韧性增加;板条或亚板条...     

Effect of Tempering Temperature on Microstructure and Properties of E690 Offshore Plate Steel

 A new kind of Mn-Mo-Nb-Cu-B bainite steel which satisfied mechanical demands of E690 offshore plate steel was designed. The effect of two processes——thermomechanical control process (TMCP)+tempering (T) and thermomechanical control process (TMCP)+reheating and quenching (RQ)+tempering (T)——on microstructure and mechanical properties were studied by means of scan electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM) and electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD). The results showed that optimal mechanical properties were available when tempering at 550 ℃ for both processes. The microstructure of the TMCP+T treated sample tempering in the range of 450 to 550 ℃ for 1 h did not change dramatically yet the lath in the TMCP+RQ+T treated sample merged together and transformed into polygonal ferrite. At the same time, the sub-structure of grain bainite transformed from lath to cell-shape to refine grains with tempering temperature mounting. Lots of sub-grain boundaries were located within bainite and adjacent bainite grain boundaries were high angle.     

回火温度对Q960级高强结构钢组织及力学性能的影响

 以屈服强度960MPa级高强调质结构钢板开发为目标,研究了在相同轧制及淬火条件下,回火温度对试验钢显微结构及力学性能的影响。结果表明：随回火温度的升高,试验钢强度下降,韧塑性总体上呈现升高趋势,其中在300~450℃范围内出现一个韧塑性能的恶化区。当回火温度为600℃时,试验钢呈回火索氏体组织,屈服强度为1030MPa,抗拉强度为1080MPa,伸长率为15.9%,-40℃冲击功达144J,各项指标均满足国标GB/T 16270—2009要求。并对试验钢的拉伸力学性能进行了探讨。     

回火温度对Mn-Ni钢亚稳奥氏体形貌及其力学性能的影响

 利用了X射线衍射仪（XRD）、电子背散射衍射（EBSD）和透射电子显微镜（TEM）研究了回火温度对一种Mn-Ni钢亚稳奥氏体形貌及其力学性能的影响。结果表明,随着回火温度的升高,室温亚稳奥氏体的体积分数逐渐升高。当回火温度为600和625 ℃时,亚稳奥氏体主要以片层状在回火马氏体板条间析出,且排列方向与周围的马氏体板条平行,这种片层状亚稳奥氏体分布较为均匀,尺寸较小,约为60～100 nm,且稳定性较高;当回火温度为650 ℃时,试验钢中出现尺寸较大的块状奥氏体在回火马氏体界面的交叉处不均匀析出。分析表明,块状奥氏体有利于提高钢的塑性,不利于改善钢的低温韧性;而片层状奥氏体能大幅度的改善钢的低温韧性。     

液化天然气储罐用超低温9Ni钢的研究与应用

 9Ni钢是我国目前为缓解能源压力,建设液化天然气储罐所必须国产化的重要基础原材料。在本文中,作者较为详细地论述了9Ni钢的成分、组织结构与性能之间的关系,深入分析了该钢低温韧化机制,认为除了回转奥氏体之外可能还有其他重要的控制因素,诸如奥氏体∕铁素体界面结构﹑杂质元素含量等。提出应通过细化晶粒、提高钢的纯净度、添加合金元素等手段来改善9Ni钢的低温韧度,提高屈服强度,实现节约成本的目的。     

Influence of Tempering Process on Mechanical Properties of 00Cr13Ni4Mo Supermartensitic Stainless Steel

To investigate the influence of tempering process on microstructural evolutions and mechanical properties of 00Cr13Ni4Mo supermartensitic stainless steel(SMSS),specimens were tempered in the temperature range of 520-720 ℃ for 3 h followed by air cooling and an optimized tempering temperature was chosen to prolong holding time from 3 to 12 h.After heat treatments,microstructure examination was conducted by scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffraction examinations,hardness measurements and tensile tests.The results revealed that the superior mechanical properties were achieved by quenching at 1040 ℃ for 1 h+water cooling and tempering at 600 ℃ for 3 h+air cooling.Increasing isothermal tempering time could improve the toughness notably.It was believed that the property was correlated with the microstructure of tempered lath martensite and retained austenite.More retained austenite content is beneficial to the higher toughness of the SMSS.     

铌对9%Ni钢用镍基焊条熔敷金属组织和性能的影响

研制9%Ni钢用镍基焊条的难点在于满足熔敷金属强度和塑性指标的前提下提高其低温韧性.在力学性能分析的基础上,采用彩色金相分析、扫描电镜及能谱分析、X射线衍射分析技术研究了铌对9%Ni钢用镍基焊条熔敷金属组织和性能的影响.试验结果表明,熔敷金属中铌的加入能明显提高其强度和塑性.但铌的质量分数达到3.5%后,虽然熔敷金属的强度进一步提高,但形成了脆性的金属间化合物Laves相,导致熔敷金属低温韧性下降.     

回火温度对Mo-V-Ti钢组织与性能的影响

为了研究回火温度、析出相对含Mo-V-Ti钢组织与性能的影响,试验采用550 mm轧机对含Mo-V-Ti钢轧制后进行完全淬火,然后在630~710℃不同的温度下进行回火。结果表明,高温回火后,钢的组织由回火索氏体和少量贝氏体组成,组织中发生回复和再结晶,钢的强韧性匹配发生变化。在670℃以下回火时产生的析出相主要为Ti、V和Mo复合的碳氮化合物和V、Mo复合的碳氮化合物,随着回火温度的提高,产生了新的析出相Fe、Mn和Mo及V合金渗碳体,析出相对钢的强韧性有重要影响。