一种用于流水线结构ADC中改进速度/功耗比的CMOS动态比较器

提出了一种适用于高速、单级低分辨率流水线结构ADC的全差分动态比较器.由于采用了电流源耦合和差分对输入结构,比较器的翻转阈值电压可以设计为任意值.与传统的比较器相比,该比较器较好地兼顾了面积、功耗以及速度等方面,在这些方面有了较大的改进.该比较器在0.35μm CMOS工艺下完成流片,面积为30μm×70μm.仿真和测试结果表明,该比较器可以在2Vpp的输入信号和1GHz的时钟频率下工作,在3.3V的电源电压下,功耗仅为181μW.速度/功耗比达到了5524GS/J.     

一种用于流水线结构ADC中改进速度/功耗比的CMOS动态比较器

提出了一种适用于高速、单级低分辨率流水线结构ADC的全差分动态比较器.由于采用了电流源耦合和差分对输入结构,比较器的翻转阈值电压可以设计为任意值.与传统的比较器相比,该比较器较好地兼顾了面积、功耗以及速度等方面,在这些方面有了较大的改进.该比较器在0.35μm CMOS工艺下完成流片,面积为30μm×70μm.仿真和测试结果表明,该比较器可以在2Vpp的输入信号和1GHz的时钟频率下工作,在3.3V的电源电压下,功耗仅为181μW.速度/功耗比达到了5524GS/J.     

一种新型低功耗异步比较器的设计方法

本文利用输入数据的统计特性,设计了两种低功耗异步比较器——异步行波比较器和提前终止异步比较器.异步行波比较器从第一个不相等的数位开始停止运算,但要把结果传到最低位,消耗部分功耗.提前终止异步比较器通过修改真值表,基于新的比较单元电路和终止判断电路,在第一个不相等的数位停止运算并立即输出比较结果,节省不必要的功耗.新设计的异步比较器和用于对比的同步比较器(BCL比较器和门控时钟比较器)均用SMIC0.18μm工艺实现.仿真结果表明,提前终止异步比较器功耗最低,与同步BCL比较器和门控时钟比较器相比,在随机数据和来自LDPC解码器的数据下,分别节省了87.1%、84.5%和37.5%、28.6%的功耗.     

新型高速高精度CMOS预充电比较器

采用预充电技术和合理的反馈结构设计了一种比较器,与一般的比较器相比,该电路具有更快的响应速度,更高的精度和灵敏度,较小的失调电压和较低的功耗.该比较器采用典型的TSMC 0.6μm硅CMOS工艺模型,利用Cadence进行模拟仿真.结果表明,比较器的延时为0.069μs,精度为20 mV,在5 V电源电压下,功耗为0.776 5 W.     

一种低电压超低功耗动态锁存比较器

提出了一种低电压超低功耗动态锁存比较器。采用了自适应双重衬底偏压技术,在适当时间将比较器进行顺向衬底偏压与零衬底偏压的切换,以取得功耗延时积(PDP)的优势最大化。为解决比较器不工作时静态功耗较大的问题,提出了一种关断结构。该比较器基于SMIC 180 nm CMOS工艺,在400 mV电源电压下进行了前仿真。前仿真结果表明,电路的平均功耗、响应时间、功耗延时积均显著下降。在时钟频率为14.7 MHz时,响应时间为34 ns,功耗为123 nW。     

一种低功耗的双尾电流动态比较器

提出了一种新型技术来降低动态比较器的功耗。预放大器的输出直接与锁存节点连接。在没有明显增大锁存节点负载电容的基础上,在隐藏的静态电流通路上设计2个开关晶体管来避免静态功耗,实现了低功耗。基于TSMC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺,对提出的比较器进行仿真,并与其他三种比较器进行对比。仿真结果表明,在1.8 V供电电压、频率为100 MHz、共模电压为0.9 V的条件下,该比较器的功耗为26.13 μW,相比传统双尾动态比较器,功耗降低了49%。延时为219 ps,失调电压为6.3 mV。该比较器适用于低功耗设计领域。     

一种高速高精度动态比较器

提出了一种应用于逐次逼近模数转换器的高速高精度比较器。该比较器由2级预放大器、1级锁存比较器以及缓冲电路构成。在前置预放大器中采用共源共栅结构、复位和箝位技术,提高了比较器的精度和速度,降低了功耗。在锁存比较器中引入额外的正反馈路径,提高了响应速度,降低了功耗。将锁存比较器输入对管与锁存结构隔离,降低了踢回噪声的影响,提高了比较器的精度。比较器基于SMIC 0.18 μm CMOS工艺进行设计与仿真。仿真结果表明,在1.8 V电源电压、800 MHz时钟下,比较器的精度为50 μV,传输延迟为458 ps,功耗为432 μW,芯片面积仅为0.009 mm²。     

一种高电源效率开关电流比较器

提出了一种基于Boonsobhak结构但电源效率更高的开关电流比较器。比较器采用主从式结构,工作模式由两相不交叠时钟控制。主比较器根据输入电流信号的极性产生微小电压差,同时将输出信号对输入信号的影响隔离开来。从比较器将主比较器产生的微小电压差进行再生放大,最终产生比较结果。提出的新比较器结构采用静态甲乙类锁存式比较器作为主比较器,以静态功耗为零的动态锁存式比较器为从比较器,使得整体比较器在保持较高速度的同时,功耗大为降低。采用CSMC0.6μmCMOS工艺设计并实现,实际测试结果显示开关电流比较器具有6.5bit分辨率,能在20MHz时钟频率下正常工作,而功耗降低了75%。     

一种高速低功耗迟滞CMOS比较器的分析与设计

文章分析设计了一种具有内部迟滞效应的高速低功耗CMOS比较器,该比较器采用前置放大级、正反馈级和输出驱动级级联的结构,实现了对增益、速度和功耗的优化.电路的内部迟滞效应有效的实现了对噪声信号的抑制.采用0.35μm CMOS工艺的仿真结果表明,该比较器在3.3V的供电电源下可达到100MHz的工作速度.在20MHz的采样速率下具有0.2mW的功耗.芯片测试结果表明各项性能指标均达到了设计要求.     

新型高速低功耗动态比较器

基于预放大锁存理论,提出了一种新型高速低功耗动态比较器.该比较器采用预放大级、动态锁存器及输出缓冲级构成的三级结构,与传统比较器不同,该比较器采用了一种新型动态结构作为输出缓冲级以实现高速低功耗.在CSMC 0.5 μm/5 V Si CMOS工艺模型下,采用Hspice对电路进行模拟.结果表明在100 MHz的时钟下,精度可达0.2 mV,功耗仅为1.12 mw.     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks