低温微量润滑高速铣削PH13—8Mo刀具磨损试验研究

针对高强度不锈钢材料加工性能差、刀具耐用度低的问题,进行了硬质合金刀具在低温微量润滑条件下高速铣削高强度不锈钢PH13—8Mo的刀具磨损试验,结果表明：WSP45刀片比WXM35适合加工PH13—8Mo,低温微量润滑（cMQL）能有效地抑制刀具磨损,提高刀具耐用度;两种刀具在铣削过程中前、后刀面同时发生磨损,最终因刃口严重崩刃而失效。     

涂层刀具切削马氏体不锈钢的磨损机理研究

采用Al Ti N涂层硬质合金刀具对1Cr11Ni2W2MoV以及2Cr13两种型号的不锈钢进行车削试验,利用激光共聚焦显微镜观察刀具的前、后刀面磨损形貌,对刀具的主要磨损机理及磨损形式进行分析。研究结果表明:1Cr11Ni2W2MoV的加工难度大于2Cr13;硬质合金刀具切削1Cr11Ni2W2MoV不锈钢时,刀具主要的磨损形式为月牙洼磨损以及边界磨损,失效形式主要为崩刃;切削2Cr13不锈钢时,刀具的主要磨损机理为粘结磨损。     

高强度钢的切削

高强度不锈钢OCr13Ni6Mo,属于难加工材料,用普通硬质合金刀具粗车铸件毛坯时,前刀面常常“粘刀”,后刀面磨损很快,经常产生崩刃、打刀现象。半精车和精车时,刀具后刀面磨损较快,刀具耐用度低,加工表面粗糙度高。在加工中,经过多次切削试验,终于掌握了它的切削加工性能,保证了加工     

15-5PH不锈钢粗加工刀具磨损试验研究

针对15-5PH不锈钢在粗加工过程中刀具磨损剧烈问题,进行涂层可转位刀具铣削15-5PH不锈钢试验,研究了15-5PH不锈钢铣削加工过程中的刀具磨损特性。采用超景深显微镜对刀具的前刀面和后刀面磨损形貌进行了检测,结果表明:在15-5PH不锈钢加工过程中,刀具前刀面主要磨损机理是粘结磨损和扩散磨损,刀具失效形式为片状剥落和崩刃,后刀面则为边界磨损和涂层烧灼,失效形式为崩刃。     

插铣加工中刀具磨损模型的建立及仿真分析

硬质合金刀具广泛应用于插铣加工领域,考虑到加工成本及效率等问题,刀具磨损机理与磨损率的研究变得十分重要。通过对磨损机理的分析研究并结合刀具结构与切削参数对刀具后刀面磨损率进行估算,分析了不同切削速度下的最大磨损率。采用单因素分析法对插铣刀进行仿真与实验,并利用扫描电子显微镜对后刀面磨损情况进行观测。结果表明:在插铣加工0Cr13不锈钢时,刀具后刀面主要磨损形式为磨粒磨损、粘结磨损和扩散磨损,其中磨粒磨损伴随试验发生在整个过程。     

硬质合金刀具YT15切削铸铁MT-4的磨损研究

通过切削试验,研究了硬质合金刀具加工耐磨铸铁MT-4时刀具的磨损形态及磨损机理。对刀具磨损区微观形貌的检测分析结果表明:硬质合金刀具的磨损形态主要表现为前刀面磨损和后刀面磨损,造成刀具磨损的主要原因是粘结磨损和扩散、氧化磨损。     

硬质合金涂层的效能

硬质合金刀具的前刀面月牙洼磨损和后刀面磨损,在不同涂层厚度和不同切削速度时,磨损程度不同,直接影响刀具的使用寿命,对硬质合金涂层刀具前刀面月牙洼磨损以及后面磨损的图像特征分析表明,涂层降低了刀具与其加工零件之间的摩擦系数,使刀具表面的凹凸不平处发热,从而限制了浅层表面的磨损,提高了硬质合金涂层刀具的耐磨性,增加了刀具的切削速度,延长了刀具的使用寿命。     

不同材料和刀尖圆弧半径刀具加工TC4钛合金的表面质量及刀具磨损行为

采用聚晶立方氮化硼(PCBN)、TiAlN涂层硬质合金(2种刀尖圆弧半径)和Al_2O_3+TiC涂层硬质合金等3种刀具车削TC4钛合金工件,测试了刀具后刀面磨损宽度和工件表面粗糙度,观察了刀具的磨损形貌并分析了磨损机制;同时,研究了刀尖圆弧半径对工件表面粗糙度和切屑形貌的影响。结果表明:TiAlN涂层硬质合金刀具具有比其他2种刀具更长的使用寿命,且加工后工件的表面粗糙度最小、表面质量最好,其磨损形式主要为磨粒磨损和黏结磨损;PCBN刀具的失效形式主要为前刀面和后刀面崩塌,而Al_2O_3+TiC涂层硬质合金刀具的磨损形式主要为扩散磨损;刀尖圆弧半径的增大有利于提高TiAlN涂层硬质合金刀具的断屑能力以及加工工件的表面质量。     

硬质合金刀具切削各向同性热解石墨磨损机理

针对各向同性热解石墨切削过程中刀具磨损过快的问题,采用硬质合金刀具进行了切削加工试验,研究了切削过程中硬质合金刀具的磨损形式、磨损过程以及刀具磨损对表面加工质量的影响。通过对试验结果的研究分析表明:硬质合金刀具磨损形式为后刀面磨损以及切削刃崩刃破损,刀具磨损机理为磨粒磨损。刀具的有效切削距离仅为250m左右,已加工表面分布着形状和深度大小不一的凹坑,表面加工质量差,硬质合金刀具作为各向同性热解石墨的切削刀具具有一定的局限性。     

不同刀具硬铣削3Cr13Cu不锈钢的切屑形态及磨损性能

采用金属陶瓷刀具和硬质合金涂层刀具对硬度为44 HRC的淬硬3Cr13Cu不锈钢进行了铣削试验,研究了两种刀具在不同的切削速度下铣削时形成的切屑形态和刀具前后刀面的磨损情况。结果表明:切屑形态受刀具导热性能的影响,金属陶瓷刀具导热系数小,所以易于形成锯齿形切屑;锯齿形切屑的形成对金属陶瓷刀具磨损有较为明显的加速作用,锯齿间距越小金属陶瓷刀具前刀面磨损面积越大,而对硬质合金刀具的磨损影响较小;同一铣削距离,金属陶瓷刀具的后刀面磨损随着切削速度的增加而增大,而对于硬质合金涂层刀具,后刀面磨损量随着切削速度的增加先减小后增大。     

Wear behaviour of alumina based ceramic cutting tools on machining steels

The advanced ceramic cutting tools have very good wear resistance, high refractoriness, good mechanical strength and hot hardness. Alumina based ceramic cutting tools have very high abrasion resistance and hot hardness. Chemically they are more stable than high-speed steels and carbides, thus having less tendency to adhere to metals during machining and less tendency to form built-up edge. This results in good surface finish and dimensional accuracy in machining steels. In this paper wear behaviour of alumina based ceramic cutting tools is investigated. The machining tests were conducted using SiC whisker reinforced alumina ceramic cutting tool and Ti[C,N] mixed alumina ceramic cutting tool on martensitic stainless steel-grade 410 and EN 24 steel work pieces. Flank wear in Ti[C,N] mixed alumina ceramic cutting tool is lower than that of the SiC whisker reinforced alumina cutting tool. SiC whisker reinforced alumina cutting tool exhibits poor crater wear resistance while machining. Notch wear in SiC whisker reinforced alumina cutting tool is lower than that of the Ti[C,N] mixed alumina ceramic cutting tool. The flank wear, crater wear and notch wear are higher on machining martensitic stainless steel than on machining hardened steel. In summary Ti[C,N] mixed alumina cutting tool performs better than SiC whisker reinforced alumina cutting tool on machining martensitic stainless steel.     

不同涂层刀具切削淬硬H13钢加工性能研究

为了研究不同涂层刀具切削淬硬H13钢的切削性能,进行了多层Ti化合物涂层、TiAlN涂层以及MTTiCN厚Al_2O_3TiN涂层材料刀具车削加工淬硬H13钢试验,分析了不同的涂层材料刀具与切削力、切削温度、涂层刀具磨损以及刀具寿命的关系。研究得出:多层Ti化合物涂层刀具受到三个方向的力都大于其它两种涂层的刀具,而且切削温度最高;用TiAlN涂层刀具切削时温度最低;切削过程中三种刀具后刀面磨损程度不同,发现多层Ti化合物涂层刀具磨损最为严重,寿命最短;MT-TiCN厚Al_2O_3Ti N涂层材料刀具比多层Ti化合物涂层刀具寿命长30%;TiAlN涂层刀具的切削寿命最长比多层Ti化合物涂层刀具寿命长45%。     

切削奥氏体不锈钢的涂层刀具磨损机理探讨

通过不锈钢0Cr18Ni9切削加工的刀具寿命试验,探讨涂层刀具的磨损形态和机理,提出涂层刀具切削奥氏体不锈钢时刀具的磨损形态主要为边界磨损的观点,并验证了YBG202涂层刀具适合切削奥氏体不锈钢。     

大进给铣削沉淀硬化不锈钢刀具失效分析及切削参数优化

针对大进给硬质合金刀具铣削沉淀硬化不锈钢（05Cr17Ni4Cu4Nb）寿命短、效率低的问题,采用单因素法和正交试验法开展刀具磨损试验,并进行回归分析,得到了刀具寿命经验公式。利用有限元仿真方法获得了切削力、刀具切削刃温度和应力场分布情况,结合磨损测量结果及磨损形貌分析了刀具的失效机理。根据有限元仿真结果和刀具寿命经验公式,综合考虑切削效率和刀具磨损,运用等寿命-效率曲面响应法进行切削参数优化,得到了刀具的最佳切削参数及在该切削参数下刀具的寿命。     

Ecological cutting: Feasible or not?

This paper describes the results of a two-year research project on ecological cutting, in which four different applications, namely, cutting, pocket milling, face milling, and drilling, were investigated under dry and lubricated conditions. A traditional cutting fluid and an environmentally friendly cutting fluid were used for the latter. TiN-, Ti (C,N), and (Ti,Al)N-coated tools were tested, together with commercially-available multilayer coated tools, to analyse to what extent the use of coatings could reduce or even eliminate the need for cutting fluids. The machined materials include an unalloyed steel, I.0503, a low alloyed steel, 1.2312, a stainless steel, 1.4306, and cast iron, ADI. End-of- life tests were done in all cases and the wear of the tools was examined with SEM. The research showed that the results are strongly dependent on the application. For cutting, coated tools result in the best tool lives although tools used under lubricated conditions still outperform their dry used counterparts. For milling, dry machining is advantageous. The drilling tests showed better results under lubricated conditions mainly due to the cooling and chip removal capacity of the lubricants. In this case, the (Ti,Al)N-coated drill out-performed the commercially available coated tool.     

Performance of PVD (Zr,Ti)N-coated cemented carbide inserts in cutting processes

(Zr,Ti)N coatings with two different gradient structures were deposited on YT15-cemented carbide inserts by multi arc ion plating. Microstructure and properties of these coatings were examined. Dry cutting tests of these coated inserts against 40Cr hardened steel are carried out. This paper presented a detailed analysis of the cutting performance and wear mechanism of these coated inserts. The critical load of EGC shows a little increase compared with TGC because of the thermal expansion coefficient gradient. Compared with YT15 tool, (Zr,Ti)N-coated tools lead to a high quality and good consistency of machined surface during the whole machining process; the cutting temperature will also decrease, but the cutting force change a little. The abrasive wear and boundary wear are the main mode of flank wear, and crater wear and adhesive wear are the main rake wear modes during the machining of 40Cr hardened steel. The (Zr,Ti)N coatings effectively improve the wear resistance of the tools especially the crater wear. The thermal expansion coefficient gradient structure of EGC will reduce the thermal damage of the coating, and its multi-layer structure will mitigate and block the initiation and propagation of microcracks.     

双重润滑条件下的刀具切削特性研究

为实现清洁切削技术,将Al2 O3包覆CaF2复合粉体作为添加相,采用真空热压烧结工艺制备了一种Ti(C,N)基自润滑金属陶瓷刀具(TMC刀具),研究了Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷刀具在微量润滑作用下切削300M钢的切削性能,结果表明:双重润滑与干切削方式相比,其三向切削力FX、FY、FZ分别减小了36.8％、13.1％和...     

Suppression of notch wear of a whisker reinforced ceramic tool in air-jet-assisted high-speed machining of Inconel 718

This paper describes the notch and flank wear specific to a SiC whisker reinforced alumina tool in air jet assisted (AJA) turning of nickel-base superalloy Inconel 718 at high cutting speeds. An AJA machining experiment has revealed that the air jet applied to the tool tip in addition to coolant dramatically reduces the depth-of-cut notch wear. As a result, the width of flank wear, but not the size of notch wear, determined the life of a ceramic tool in AJA machining of Inconel 718. This is a reason for the large extension and small variation of the tool life when high speed AJA machining is adopted. The maximum tool life length reached 2160 m at a cutting speed of 660 m/min under the given cutting conditions. Finally, the mechanisms of the notch and flank wear of a SiC whisker reinforced alumina tool in AJA machining are discussed from the viewpoints of tribochemical reactions and tool wear anisotropy.     

超细晶粒Ti(C,N)基金属陶瓷刀的磨损性能研究

研究了两种超细晶粒纳米改性Ti（C，N）基金属陶瓷刀具——44Ti（C，N）-5TiN（nm）-15WC-16M02C-20Ni（刀具A）和39Ti（C，N）-10TiN（nm）-15WC-16M02C-20Ni（刀具B）在加工正火态中碳钢时的切削性能和磨损机理。研究表明，两种刀具材料的显微组织都由金属相与陶瓷相组成，其中粗大的陶瓷相呈典型的芯／壳结构，陶瓷相晶粒尺寸为400～800nm。切削实验表明，刀具A的切削性能要优于刀具B，刀具A常以后刀面正常磨损的方式失效，刀具B则常以破损崩刃的方式失效。能谱（EDS）分析表明，高速切削时金属陶瓷刀具主要的磨损机制是扩散磨损和氧化磨损。