不同性能机床主轴箱的比较研究

各类机床的主轴箱是机床非常重要的一个部件。本文以两种不同性能磨床的砂轮架为例 ,对不同要求的机床主轴箱在设计、制造、装配等方面进行了比较与分析 ,揭示了机床主轴箱中各零件之间的相互内在联系 ,指出了砂轮架设计中如何对各种零件性能相互进行配合 ,从而满足不同性能机床主轴箱的要求     

磨床砂轮架设计制造中若干问题的探讨

研究分析磨床砂轮架设计制造问题，对其设计方案选择、零件结构设计、制造加工方法等进行了讨论。     

磨床砂轮架装配用切削刀具

2M9120A、M6020A、2M9825等系列磨床,砂轮架主轴采用三片瓦式滑动轴承,砂轮架在装配完成后通过空运转试验,检查砂轮架主轴的温升情况,确保砂轮架工作性能稳定,不会发生抱轴现象。砂轮架的设计技术要求为：砂轮架主轴在2800r／min空运转2h,轴承温升≤25℃,而实际测量的温度最高达到35℃。砂轮架在空运转下出现温升超差,将导致砂轮架在工作状态下发生抱轴,这对于磨床的主要部件来说是绝对不允许的,须找出温升超差的原因,并予以排除。由砂轮架主轴结构示意图（见图1）可知,影响轴承温升的主要原因是砂轮架装配精度和砂轮架的零件制造精度。     

两孔同轴度测量工具

为了测量箱体零件中以两孔公共轴心线为基准的两孔同轴度误差,我门设计并制造了适用于侧量磨床砂轮架垫板、头架体壳孔的量具。一、量具的组成及测量方法     

空心圆柱滚子轴承在平面磨床上的应用

一、前言磨床中砂轮架(磨头)最关键的零件是主轴与轴承。轴承的好坏直接反映到主轴旋转精度和主轴轴承系统的刚性。由于砂轮架(磨头)转速较高,大部分砂轮架(磨头)都采用滑动轴承。在60年代末,由于静压轴承的诞生,使其在磨床上得到了广泛应用。随着滚动轴承制造精度的提高,滚动轴承也日渐应用在砂轮主轴上。而空心圆柱滚子轴承在我国刚开始应用。依据砂轮架(磨头)设计,应满足下列四点基本要求:     

磨床砂轮架设计制造中若干问题的探讨与分析

从磨床砂轮架的使用性能、结构设计、制造工艺、装配方法等方面,分别对其进行比较分析,给出不同砂轮架的正确设计方案和制造方法,从而满足性能各异砂轮架的不同要求.     

非整圆大直径圆弧直径的测量

我公司是螺纹磨床、蜗杆磨床的专业生产厂。螺纹磨床、蜗杆磨床在磨削加工零件时砂轮架均需扳出螺旋升角,这就需要砂轮架底座及砂轮架是圆筒或半圆筒结构（见图1）,     

M1332型外圆磨床砂轮架设计

M1332型外圆磨床为江西某机床有限公司设计制造的普通外圆磨床,对该磨床砂轮架的结构、横向进给传动、液压快速进退以及砂轮的静平衡调整方法等方面进行了较为详细的介绍.     

磨床砂轮架零件三维参数化CAD系统的开发

以SolidWorks为设计平台，阐述了如何建立磨床砂轮架零件模型及其工程图；通过SolidWorks提供的对象模型和API编程接口，利用VB程序设计语言完成二次开发，建立了砂轮架三维参数化CAD系统。     

扩大M1420磨床的使用范围

M1420内外圆磨床砂轮直径是300mm；而装夹砂轮的法兰盘外圆有180mm，该磨床头架所用三爪卡盘外径是126mm；所以在磨削时用卡盘装夹的较小直径的零件，往往卡盘和法兰盘或砂轮防护罩相碰而不能加工。尤其是砂轮经多次修正以后砂轮直径减小后会经常发生此类情况，而在工模具加工中，此类小冲头又特别多，因此，砂轮的利用率就较低。我们自己制造了～块传动块（见图1）这样就可以利用钻夹头来装夹小零件，大大方便了细小直径零件的磨削，增加了砂轮的利用率，扩大了机床的加工范围。该方法是把传动块套入钻夹头三号莫氏锥柄，插入头架轴孔，利…     

曲轴随动磨削砂轮架运动学分析

曲轴随动磨削是一种新型曲轴精加工方法,其中砂轮架运动精度对曲轴的加工精度有很大的影响.为了获取砂轮架的运动规律,首先计算了砂轮架运动的位移及速度函数,然后在AD-AMS中对曲轴随动磨削过程进行了仿真,将得到的砂轮架运动的各项参数曲线和MATLAB中的理论曲线进行对比,验证了砂轮架运动函数的正确性,确定了砂轮架运动的理论位移及速度函数,为实现对砂轮架运动的精确控制奠定了基础.     

离心式研磨机的结构改进设计

分析了离心式研磨机存在的一些问题，对其研磨齿磨损问题、主轴组件的集成问题、动轮与定轮间间隙调整等问题进行结构设计，对改进机器性能及提高产量具有重要意义。     

An active manufacturing method of surface micro structure based on ordered grinding wheel and ultrasonic-assisted grinding

At present, many studies have shown that crosshatch micro structures can effectively improve surface performance. This paper presents a method for manufacturing micro structure based on ultrasonic-assisted grinding (UAG) and ordered grinding wheel. Firstly, the parameters of ordered grinding wheel and the surface characteristic parameters in relation to working performance are proposed. According to the kinematics of grinding, the governing equation between the surface characteristic parameters and the machining parameters is established. Based on the proposed characteristic parameters, the pattern parameters and machining parameters are inversely solved by the governing equation. The crosshatch micro structure manufacturing based on ordered grinding wheel and ultrasonic-assisted grinding is achieved, and because the fabrication technology of the grinding wheel is not mature, its correctness and feasibility are preliminary verified by the numerical simulation method and grinding experiment. The paper method is original for the active manufacturing of the crosshatch micro structure and is of reference value for the micro structure active manufacturing.     

A manufacturing model of an end mill using a five-axis CNC grinding machine

This paper presents a manufacturing model of a flat-end mill using a five-axis computer numerical control (CNC) grinding machine. The profile of the helical groove can be precisely calculated using a given wheel profile and the relative movements between the workpiece and the grinding wheel. The results of the calculation of the numerical control (NC) data for all the grinding processes of the end mill are fully presented in the paper. The NC data for the machining end mill were generated from the developed program by using the given design parameters of tool geometry, wheel geometry, wheel setting, and machine setting. The effects of the design and manufacturing of the end mill were analyzed based on the computer simulation and experiment results. This study provides a practical and efficient model for the manufacturing of an end mill using a CNC grinding machine with simple programming techniques. The prediction of the end mill geometry for the designing of the proper configuration of the end mill before manufacturing and generating the NC code for machining in a CNC machine is necessary to save time and to reduce the manufacturing cost.     

Precision cylindrical face grinding

The mathematical models and experimental validations of precision cylindrical face grinding using a narrow ring superabrasive wheel are presented. The high pressure seal in diesel engine fuel systems demands the μm-scale form tolerance specifications and has driven the development of precision face grinding using the superabrasive wheel. Two mathematical models were developed: one was applied to predict the convex or concave face profile and another was used to simulate the abrasive trajectories, which become the cross-hatch grinding marks on the ground face. Cylindrical face grinding experiments were conducted. Experimental measurements of face profile and abrasive trajectories were used to validate the theoretical results. For high-pressure sealing surfaces, the height of face profile and grinding trajectories were two critical characteristics for design and manufacturing. Two design tools, a linear approximate solution for the profile height and an atlas for grinding trajectories, were developed to assist the selection of process parameters for the machine setup.     

Reduced models of grinding wheel topography and material removal to simulate dynamical aspects in grinding

Increasing competition and short product life cycles make it necessary to optimize and evaluate the outcome of manufacturing processes. In tool grinding, models for the final workpiece geometry and cutting forces are of particular interest. To establish a valid general grinding model, we investigated the cutting process and the influence of local grinding wheel engagements on the material removal. We consequently developed models of material removal and grinding wheel topography, which capture the main correlations in grinding. In combination, temporal cutting forces and final workpiece geometry are predictable and are in excellent agreement with experimental data. The introduced models are valid for grinding in general, since they are solely based on the geometry and process parameters, and hence are applicable for manufacturing process optimization.     

A practical approach for simulation and manufacturing of a ball-end mill using a 5-axis CNC grinding machine

This paper presents a detailed manufacturing model that can be used for grinding a ball-end mill using 5-axis CNC (computer numerical controlled) grinding machine. The profile of the helical groove can be calculated exactly using the given wheel profile and relative movements between the workpiece and the grinding wheel. The proposed model is related to some analytical, differential geometry and kinematics to control the motions of the workpiece and grinding wheels in grinding processes. The manufacturing model presented in this paper provides a practical and efficient method for developing the simulation software for the design and the manufacture of a ball-end mill.     

A new model of grit cutting depth in wafer rotational grinding considering the effect of the grinding wheel,workpiece characteristics,and grinding parameters

Wafer rotational grinding is widely employed for back-thinning and flattening of semiconducting wafers during the manufacturing process of integrated circuits. Grit cutting depth is a comprehensive indicator that characterizes overall grinding conditions, such as the wheel structure, geometry, abrasive grit size, and grinding parameters. Furthermore, grit cutting depth directly affects wafer surface/subsurface quality, grinding force, and wheel performance. The existing grit cutting depth models for wafer rotational grinding cannot provide reasonable results due to the complex grinding process under extremely small grit cutting depth. In this paper, a new grit cutting depth model for wafer rotational grinding is proposed which considers machining parameters, wheel grit shape, wheel surface topography, effective grit number, and elastic deformation of the wheel grit and the workpiece during the grinding process. In addition, based on grit cutting depth and ground surface roughness relationship, a series of grinding experiments under various grit cutting depths are conducted to produce silicon wafers with various surface roughness values and compare the predictive accuracy of the proposed model and the existing models. The results indicate that predictions obtained by the proposed model are in better agreement with the experimental results, while accuracy is improved by 40%–60% compared to the previous models.     

凸轮轴磨床砂轮架试验模态分析

应用锤击法和基于变时基采样的SIMO法,对凸轮轴磨床砂轮架进行了试验模态分析,获得砂轮架的前3阶固有频率、振型及其相应的振型。在此基础上进行了砂轮架的结构动态分析,得到其结构动态特性,为机床的结构动态设计及其优化提供参考。