城市污水厂二级处理出水次氯酸钠消毒试验研究

应用次氯酸钠对城市污水厂二级生物处理出水进行了消毒试验,并与液氯和紫外光消毒进行了成本比较.结果表明,次氯酸钠有较好的消毒效果,可确保消毒后出水粪大肠菌群控制在104 L-1以下,达到GB 18918-2002的一级B标准的要求,并具有一定氧化除臭、脱色等作用;消毒成本与液氯消毒相当,但远低于紫外光消毒.     

提溴废液脱色净化研究

提溴废液是海水日晒制盐→提钾→提溴后的母液,其氯化镁质量浓度高达400～450 g/L,但其浊度和色度均较大,影响其加工的精细化工产品色泽和质量。研究了对提溴废液进行物理法脱色和化学法脱色,结果表明,提溴废液的色度是由有机有色物质造成的;砂滤能很好地去除悬浮物,使浊度从40.9 NTU降到约2 NTU,但脱色率仅为41%;活性炭吸附的脱色率为60%,砂滤和活性炭吸附的脱色效果均不理想。最佳实验条件下次氯酸钠和双氧水的脱色率分别为80%和79%,能达到较好的脱色效果,综合氧化时间、氧化温度考虑,次氯酸钠脱色优于双氧水脱色;为此提溴废液脱色净化工艺选择砂滤预处理+次氯酸钠脱色,脱色的最佳条件：次氯酸钠加入量8%（质量分数）、pH=6.0、氧化时间为40 min、脱色率为80%。     

垃圾渗滤液脱色深度处理技术研究

通过臭氧氧化、次氯酸钠脱色、芬顿氧化等技术,对垃圾渗滤液废水进行脱色实验,通过改变臭氧氧化时间,臭氧浓度,次氯酸钠氧化时间,次氯酸钠添加量及芬顿氧化时间及加药量等参数,降低渗滤液废水的色度,为后续渗滤液废水处理奠定良好的基础。     

以树脂吸附为核心的集成工艺处理苯胺类含盐废水

本文主要研究以树脂吸附为核心,结合次氯酸钠氧化处理苯胺类含盐废水。通过优化吸附条件,比选出最佳树脂吸附工艺。通过进一步研究发现,在树脂吸附的基础上,通过投加定量次氯酸钠进行脱色及COD再处理,使最终出水COD稳定在500 mg/L左右,苯胺的去除率达100%,出水蒸发回收的盐品质好,蒸馏冷凝水COD500 mg/L,达到园区污水处理厂的接管标准。树脂吸附饱和后采用2.5 BV丙酮再生,可恢复吸附能力,连续运行15批次,出水COD及色度均稳定。树脂吸附耦合氧化处理苯胺类含盐废水,既能有效去除废水中苯胺,也能资源化回收盐,实现环境和经济效益的双丰收,并已实现工业化。     

混凝与臭氧氧化对印染废水脱色试验研究

针对印染生化出水进一步脱色问题进行了混凝、臭氧氧化、二级生化好氧处理研究。试验结果表明,混凝与臭氧氧化联合处理对生化废水脱色效果明显,聚铝(液态,铝含量为7.5%)投加量为体积分数1.5‰,臭氧氧化接触时间为20 min时,色度去除率达70.8%;臭氧氧化可提高废水可生化性,臭氧氧化后废水COD为250 mg/L,氧化出水再经二级生化处理,COD降到135 mg/L。     

用雕白块对棉、糠油脚皂脱色

对棉糠油脚皂,过去是采用次氯酸钠氧化脱色,对提高肥皂外观质量有一定效果,但是次氯酸钠液耗量大(一般为皂基量12%,)同时稳定性差,久易失效,大大降低脱色力。1975年后,我们改用雕白块代替次氯酸钠,收到一定效果。优点是价格便宜,操作方便,劳动强度较小,脱色效率尚好,多年来,未发生过质量事故。     

催化臭氧氧化在己内酰胺废水深度处理中的应用

采用非均相催化臭氧氧化工艺对己内酰胺废水经过厌氧/好氧膜生物反应器工艺生化处理出水进行深度处理,进一步脱色,提高化学耗氧量(COD)去除率;考察了臭氧投加量、催化氧化反应时间对处理效果的影响。结果表明:催化氧化反应时间大于40 min,臭氧投加量为30 mg/L时,COD去除率达到37.4%,脱色效果好,非均相催化臭氧氧化与常规臭氧氧化相比,可节约臭氧量约50%。     

煤气化废水深度处理技术研究进展

综述了煤气化废水的处理难点和相关技术现状,介绍了化学氧化法中的次氯酸钠氧化、臭氧氧化、芬顿氧化、铁碳微电解—芬顿氧化和物理吸附法中的活性炭/活性焦吸附和树脂吸附等煤气化废水深度处理技术的研究进展和应用现状。通过对比上述技术在处理煤气化废水生化出水的深度处理成本、处理效果和技术稳定性能等方面的优缺点,发现臭氧催化氧化能有效地降低水中COD的含量,在出水外排或者用作循环水方面具有明显优势;树脂吸附的方法脱除COD的效果优良,当其与双膜系统连接产生锅炉给水时,经济效益较明显。     

次氯酸钠处理酸性玫瑰红B废水研究

对目标物质酸性玫瑰红B废水运用次氯酸钠进行氧化处理。研究了酸性玫瑰红B初始含量、搅拌时间和次氯酸钠用量对酸性玫瑰红B脱色率及COD去除率的影响。结果表明,酸性玫瑰红B浓度40mg/L时,在次氯酸钠用量1. 0mL,搅拌时间4h的条件下,酸性玫瑰红B的脱色率可达61. 02%,COD去除率可达36. 78%。     

印刷油墨污水处理工艺比选

针对印刷业油墨污水色度高、COD高、难以生化降解、通常的生化处理难以达标排放的特点,采用酸析加化学氧化工艺处理,比较了不同种类的酸、氧化剂与助凝剂组合对油墨废水COD和色度的处理效果,同时分析其经济合理性。研究结果表明:酸析—Fenton氧化工艺和酸析—次氯酸钠氧化工艺对COD去除率与脱色率均达到90%以上,均可达标排放且经济上可以接受。     

Ozone,Hydrogen Peroxide/Ozone And UV/Ozone Treatment Of Chromium- And Copper-Complex Dyes: Decolorization And Metal Release

Metal-complex azo dyes constitute a significant fraction of the dyes used in the textile industry and exhibit properties such as superior light- and wash-fastness. While effluent color is not always regulated, the textile finishing industry often decolorizes wastewater using processes including chemical oxidation. In this study, the use of ozone, hydrogen peroxide/ozone and UV/ozone oxidant systems was examined for treatment of two common metal-complex (premetalized) dyes, Acid Black 52 (chromium) and Direct Blue 80 (copper). Oxidant dosages required for decolorization of these dyes were determined. The effect of bicarbonate alkalinity on the ozonation and the hydrogen peroxide/ozone processes also was examined.     

焦化废水脱色研究进展

焦化废水成分复杂,且各种有色物质相互作用,使得焦化废水的脱色成为一个难题。介绍了生物法、吸附法、絮凝法、化学氧化法及膜法在焦化废水脱色中的应用,叙述了各种方法的基本原理、操作条件、处理效果及优缺点,并在此基础上探讨了焦化废水脱色的发展趋势,指出对脱色机理的研究、发展高级氧化技术及多种技术联合使用是今后焦化废水脱色的研究方向。     

高锰酸钾降解偶氮染料酸性橙Ⅱ实验研究

目前对于水溶性的染料废水的脱色，传统的生物处理方法很难达到要求。高级氧化技术证明是一种非常有效的去除染料色度甚至实现完全矿化的方法。本文研究了高锰酸钾对偶氮染料酸性橙Ⅱ的脱色效果，考察了酸性橙Ⅱ初始浓度、高锰酸钾投加量、初始pH条件、反应时间的影响。结果表明，高锰酸钾能够实现酸性橙Ⅱ的有效去除。高锰酸钾在酸性条件下的脱色效果最好，中性条件下最差。高锰酸钾是一种稳定的氧化剂。     

不锈钢基PbO2电极电催化氧化降解甲基橙性能的研究

本研究以自制的不锈钢基PbO2电极对25mg·L^-1的甲基橙溶液进行电催化氧化降解。考察了电流密度、支持电解质浓度、溶液pH值、温度等因素对甲基橙脱色率的影响,确定了电催化氧化甲基橙的最佳反应条件,即电流密度为50mA/cm^2,支持电解质Na2SO4的浓度为0．04mol·L^-1,降解20min后,甲基橙脱色率可达到90％以上。本研究还对几种不同印染废水进行了电催化氧化降解,结果表明,不锈钢基PbO2电极对不同的印染废水均有较好的脱色效果。     

Decolorization of textile dye Rifafix Red 3BN by natural hematite and a comparative study on different types of Fenton process

Abstract

This work shows the decolorization of mono-azo dye Rifafix Red 3BN by environmentally friendly advanced oxidation processes using natural hematite. Our main focus is on the utilization of naturally occurring hematite for the treatment of wastewater. The experimental variables were initial concentration of dye, catalyst concentration, oxidant concentration, and reaction temperature. The optimum conditions were obtained as follows: catalyst dose 2?g/L, H₂O₂ concentration 20?mM, pH 3 and temperature 25?°C at a reaction time of 60?min. The % decolorization was increased from 55.91% to 93.89% using optimum conditions with initial 100?ppm dye. To assess the competence of different types of AOPs, the organic mono-azo dye was subjected to oxidize using various photochemical processes.     

Application of ozone on the decolorization of reactive dyes — Orange-13 and Blue-19

This study investigated the feasibility of applying ozone (O₃) to reduce the color content of wastewater caused by two commercial reactive dyes (Blue-19 and Orange-13). In the bench-scale experiment, experimental parameters including pH, ozone dosage, and reaction time were evaluated in a 14-L reactor to obtain the optimal operating conditions. Results show that ozone dosage and pH dominated the effectiveness of the decolorization process. The color content could be reduced from 2000 to 200 ADMI (American Dye Manufacture Institute) values within a reaction time of 30 min with the ozone input rate of 2.66 g/h. The pH values of 3 and 10 favored decolorization of Blue-19 and Orange-13, respectively. This was due to the effects that reactive and oxidizing species of molecular ozone and hydroxyl radicals were predominant at low and high pH, respectively. Moreover, molecular ozone was more selective to certain dye structures during the oxidation process. Kinetic analyses show that decolorization of Orange-13 and Blue-19 followed first-order kinetics. The degree of decolorization was primarily proportional to the ozone dosage. Results from this study provide insights into the characteristics and mechanisms of decolorization by the O₃ technique. Results will also aid in designing a system for practical application.     

Decolorization of Wastewater Produced in a Pyrolysis Process by Ozone: Enhancing the Performance of Ozonation

This paper shows the results of color removal from a wastewater produced in a plastic pyrolysis process by ozonation. The influence of parameters such as temperature, reactor geometry, UVA, ozone input, and finally spraying of wastewater on performance enhancement of the decolorization process will be discussed. Due to the long residence time of O₃ molecules in the gaseous phase, recycling and spraying the wastewater in a pre-filled ozone chamber show a remarkable effect on decreasing the decolorization process time. At the end of this paper, an application of “micro-bubble producer” in this field, and its advantages will be introduced.     

Decolorization of azo dye Orange II by ferrate(VI)-hypochlorite liquid mixture, potassium ferrate(VI) and potassium permanganate

Ferrate(VI)-hypochlorite liquid mixture was prepared using hypochlorite, an industrial by-product, via wet oxidation method. Its oxidizing ability was investigated by decolorizing azo dye Orange II in batch experiments, and compared with potassium ferrate(VI) and potassium permanganate. Effects of the oxidant concentration, dye concentration, initial pH of dye solutions and UV 254 nm irradiation were examined. The color removal by potassium permanganate, potassium ferrate(VI) and the ferrate(VI)-hypochlorite liquid mixture at 30 min reached 17.7%, 62.0% and 95.2%, respectively. The ferrate(VI)-hypochlorite liquid mixture maintained a high decolorization efficiency over a wide pH range from 3.0 to 11.0, indicating that the initial solution pH had little impact on its oxidizing power. However, the decolorization efficiency by potassium permanganate was proved to be highly pH dependent and the lowest efficiency was observed at neutral pH. UV 254 nm irradiation did not enhance the decolorization efficiencies significantly for both the ferrate(VI)-hypochlorite liquid mixture and potassium permanganate over a wide pH range.     

微波辐射-吸附催化法处理孔雀石绿染料废水的研究

采用微波辐射-活性炭吸附催化法,研究其处理孔雀石绿染料废水的可行性及其影响处理过程的因素和规律。结果表明:微波辐射-吸附催化法对孔雀石绿染料废水具有较好的处理效果,当孔雀石绿染料废水的质量浓度为250 mg/L,活性炭的投加量为36 g/L,辐射电压为165 V,辐射时间为20 min时,脱色率可达83%;增加活性炭用量、处理时间和染料废水浓度均能提高微波-吸附催化法处理孔雀石绿染料废水的脱色率;微波辐射可加快活性炭吸附催化孔雀石绿的速率,具有加速孔雀石绿裂解和氧化速率的作用。     

不同来源的黑电气石粉对活性蓝49的降解作用研究

文章优选对染料废水脱色效果最佳的黑电气石粉,发现来自江西的黑电气石粉对活性蓝49的降解效果最佳;pH为2.0,对100 mg/L的活性蓝49溶液的脱色率为92.6%。该黑电气石粉的矿物成分介于镁电气石与铁电气石之间,属于两者的过渡类型。通过UV-Vis紫外光谱图、FTIR谱图及X射线衍射谱图初步分析了来自江西的黑电气石粉对活性蓝49的脱色机制,结果表明黑电气石粉具有破坏染料分子结构中的共钮发色体系,使在可见光区染料溶液的最大吸收峰消失;但不能破坏含有苯环、荼环等小分子的物质的结构。黑电气石粉降解染料废水是不改变其化学结构的,不过其晶体内部的能量和结构位置发生了变化。