大鼠小肠内肥大细胞与嗜酸粒细胞的关系及其年龄性变化趋势

目的：探讨不同年龄段大鼠小肠肥大细胞与到粒细胞结构间的关系及其与功能的关系。方法：应用透射电镜对出生１０ｄ至１年以上各组大鼠小肠内肥大细胞与嗜酸粒细胞的结构及相互关系进行观察。结果：出生２０ｄ以前各组大鼠的肥大细胞和嗜酸粒细胞我独立存在,未见有结构上的联系。生后８周大鼠小肠肥大细胞与嗜酸粒细胞常见结伴存在,有时有细胞突起相接触。而６个月或以上大鼠的肥大细胞与嗜酸粒细胞的关系更为密切,可见两细胞相贴     

嗜酸性粒细胞的异常颗粒

嗜酸粒细胞颗粒分两种:A型颗粒,基质中含有结晶;B型颗粒较小,内容物均匀。颗粒表面都有一层膜。颗粒内含多种酶,能向吞噬体内或细胞外释放。本文将报导嗜酸粒细胞中一种极少见的非A非B型颗粒。此种异常颗粒园大无晶体,基质不均匀和高度不透明。一、材料和方法:胸水,取自一肺腺癌患者。经远心分离将细胞用戊二醛和四氧化锇双固定丙酮系列脱水,“812”树脂包埋,60C聚合,LKB机切片,醋酸铀和柠檬酸铅复染。用D×A4—10型国产电镜观察。二、结果:本病例的嗜酸粒细胞,都有许多异常的大颗粒,直径约1.5—2.0μ。通常排列在细胞边缘,个别出     

大鼠肾上腺髓质嗜铬颗粒数目和钙含量的关系

大鼠肾上腺髓质嗜铬颗粒数目和钙含量的关系刘懿凌诒萍俞彰吴正泉钟慈声（上海医科大学生物物理学教研室，上海２０００３２）肾上腺髓质细胞作为一种内分泌细胞，其胞质内的嗜铬颗粒中含有大量儿茶酚胺类激素，当发生刺激－分泌耦联时，这些颗粒以胞吐的形式向细胞外分泌...     

高尔基体的几种标志细胞化学反应

应用锇酸浸染法和酶的细胞化学方法,观察精子细胞高尔基体的细胞化学反应。实验表明,嗜锇反应以及NADP酶、TPP酶和CMP酶三种酶细胞化学反应是一组很好的高尔基体标志细胞化学反应,这组方法对进一步研究高尔基体的结构与功能有一定价值。     

米酵菌酸对小鼠肝和心肌细胞毒性作用的超微结构研究

目的：观察米酵菌酸对小鼠肝、心肌细胞毒性作用的超微结构改变，探讨米酵菌酸中毒的机理，方法：小鼠腹腔注射不同剂量的米酵菌酸，2h后取其肝和心肌组织，通过电镜观察其细胞超微结构的改变，结果：电镜下可见肝细胞和心肌细胞的线粒肿胀，内嵴断裂，模糊或消失，基质局部或全部空亮，呈囊泡样变，偶见其中含髓样小体，上述线粒体内嵴和膜结构的病变随米酵菌酸剂量的增加而加重，结论：米酵菌酸对小鼠肝、心肌细胞毒性作用以线粒体的损伤较为突出，因此我们认为，线粒体内膜的破坏造成线粒体的功能障碍，影响细胞呼吸，使细胞缺氧导致小鼠中毒死亡。     

含人反意N—ras cDNA顺序的假型逆转录病毒的电镜观察

本文应用透射电镜观察了经含人反意(antisense)N-ras cDNA顺序的假型逆转录病毒(pseudo-type retrovirus)转染,首次上清感染、多轮上清感染的人鼠双嗜性(amphotropic)辅助细胞PA317和小鼠单嗜性(ecotropic)辅助细胞φ2,在细胞中均见有该逆转录病毒存在。多轮上清液感染的细胞中所观察到的病毒颗粒数多于首轮感染的细胞。其结果与上清液中病毒滴度提高的结果一致。对照组细胞中未见有病毒颗粒存在。     

肺泡蛋白沉积症的细胞超微结构的观察

目的：通过对临床少见的肺泡蛋白沉积症（PAP）的电镜观察，探讨其超微结构特点，方法：选择5例疑为PAP的病人，经纤维支气管镜活检取出肺组织，制备超薄切片后进行电镜观察。结果：细胞超微结构的改变为Ⅱ型肺泡上皮细胞增生，在肺泡腔内充满细胞碎片、细颗粒状结构、嗜锇板层体及大量泡沫样外观的肺泡巨噬细胞。上述细胞超微结构改变可有助于临床确诊。     

用8031单片机组装细胞分类计数器

细胞的分类计数数值在医院临床检验、疾病的诊断中起到重要作用、分类就是把血液中的淋巴细胞,早幼粒,中幼粒,晚幼粒,杆状,单核,多核,嗜酸,嗜硷,原始等细胞数量分别统计记录下来,和正常值进行比较作为诊断评价疾病的依据。 目前医院临床化验室在做分类统计时,还采用机械式计数器。这类计数器在记录计数值时,用手指按动按键,该计数器按键按动抬度高,手指容易疲劳,显示数字字形小,读取易错,使用不便,同时传动咬合齿轮容易磨损。故障率较高。     

维生素A酸对人胃癌细胞核骨架变化的影响

维生素Ａ酸对人胃癌细胞核骨架变化的影响李祺福（厦门大学细胞生物学研究室，厦门３６１００５）细胞核骨架异常与细胞癌变具有密切关系￣［１］，但它们与癌细胞恶性表型逆转的关系仍有待阐明。为此，本文应用选择性抽提整装电镜观察￣［２］，研究了维生素Ａ酸（ＲＡ）...     

患者增殖体、扁桃体组织内尼曼-匹克细胞的超微结构观察

目的：观察尼曼-匹克病患者增殖体、扁桃体组织中的尼曼-克细胞的超微结构。方法：取增殖体、扁桃体组织做超薄切片,透射电镜下观察尼曼-匹克细胞的超微结构。结果：在透射电镜下,尼曼-匹克细胞呈圆形或椭圆形,细胞质丰富,其中有数量不等的嗜锇板层小体,呈板层状或同心圆状排列。细胞基底部,可查见单层或多层基底膜和细胞表膜下有少数吞饮小泡,具有内皮细胞形态特征。结论：尼曼-匹克细胞的细胞质内可见数量不等的嗜锇板层小体及基底部的单层或多层基底膜,为其特征性的结构,可作为电镜超微结构诊断及鉴别诊断的形态学依据。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Development of the readout system for waveguide multilayer optical card

Waveguide multilayer optical card （WMOC） is a novel storage device of three-dimensional optical information. An advanced readout system fitting for the WMOC is introduced in this paper. The hardware mainly consists of the light source for reading, WMOC, motorized stages addressing unit, microscope imaging unit, CCD detecting unit and PC controlling ＆ processing unit. The movement of the precision motorized stage is controlled by the computer through Visual Basic （VB） language in software. A control panel is also designed to get the layer address and the page address through which the position of the motorized stages can be changed. The WMOC readout system is easy to manage and the readout result is directly displayed on computer monitor.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Collinear phase-matching study of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and Inp

The collinearly phase-matching condition of terahertz-wave generation via difference frequency mixed in GaAs and InP is theoretically studied. In collinear phase-matching, the optimum phase-matching wave hands of these two crystals are calculated. The optimum phase-matching wave bands in GaAs and lnP are 0.95-1.38μm and 0.7-0.96μm respectively. The influence of the wavelength choice of the pump wave on the coherent length in THz-wave tuning is also discussed. The influence of the temperature alteration on the phase-matching and the temperature tuning properties in GaAs crystal are calculated and analyzed. It can serve for the following experiments as a theoretical evidence and a reference as well.     

Effects of the alloy compositions on the phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals

Composition dependence of bulk and surface phonon-polaritons in ternary mixed crystals are studied in the framework of the modified random-element-isodisplacement model and the Bom-Huang approximation. The numerical results for Several Ⅱ - Ⅵ and Ⅲ- Ⅴ compound systems are performed, and the polariton frequencies as functions of the compositions for ternary mixed crystals AlxGa1-xAs, GaPxAS1-x, ZnSxSe1-x, GaAsxSb1-x, GaxIn1-xP, and ZnxCd1-xS as examples are given and discussed. The results show that the dependence of the energies of two branches of bulk phonon-polaritons which have phonon-like characteristics, and surface phonon-polaritons on the compositions of ternary mixed crystals are nonlinear and different from those of the corresponding binary systems.     

New insert layer structure OLEDs

An insert layer structure organic electroluminescent device（OLED） based on a new luminescent material （Zn（salen）） is fabricated. The configuration of the device is ITO/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1/CuPc/NPD/Zn（salen）/Liq/LiF/A1. Effective insert electrode layers comprising LiF（1nm）/Al（5 nm） are used as a single semitransparent mirror, and bilayer cathode LiF（1 nm）/A1（100 nm） is used as a reflecting mirror. The two mirrors form a Fabry-Perot microcavity and two emissive units. The maximum brightness and luminous efficiency reach 674 cd/m^2 and 2.652 cd/A, respectively, which are 2.1 and 3.7 times higher than the conventional device, respectively. The superior brightness and luminous efficiency over conventional single-unit devices are attributed to microcavity effect.