香蕉纤维的活性红3BS染色

研究了香蕉纤维的活性红3BS染色工艺.分析了染料浓度、氯化钠用量、碳酸钠用量、固色温度和固色时间等单因素对上染率、固色率的影响,通过正交实验确定了香蕉纤维活性红3BS的优化染色工艺,即活性红3BS 1％(o.w.f.),氯化钠用量55 g/L,碳酸钠用量15 g/L,70℃固色40 min.结果 表明,活性红3BS上染...     

红色复合多活性基活性染料的结构与性能关系研究一、单一染料结构与颜色以及染色性能关系

以C．I．活性红240，241，261为基础设计并合成了一组合复合双活性基的红色活性染料，各只单一染料构效关系研究表明：无机性／有机性(I／O)值与其纸层析R1值呈线性关系：重氮组分上磺酸基、硫酸酯乙基矾基、乙烯砜基等吸电子基令染料最高吸收紫移；萘系重氮组分代替苯系令染料最高吸收红移：活性红240（R2)的固色率(63．96％)和K／S(9．448)最低，而以4-硫酸酯乙基砜基苯胺和6-硫酸酯乙基砜基2-萘胺-1-磺酸为重氮组分的多活性基染料（R51R1)的固色率可达78％-84％，K／S可达15以上(2％o．w．f)。并讨论了取代基对吸附率、固色率和得色深度的影响。     

C.I.活性蓝19及其对位异构体性能的研究二、染色性能的研究

研究了C.I.活性蓝19及其对位异构体的上色性能及固色性能,并计算出它们的直接性S、竭染率E、固色率F、反应性R值,通过比较,分析了其结构与染色性能的关系。结果发现:C.I.活性蓝19反应活性较高,固色性能较好;而C.I.活性蓝19对位异构体对纤维的亲和力较大,上色性能较好。两只染料的最终固色率接近。     

活性黑KN-B的日晒牢度与染色工艺关系的研究

本文对活性黑KN-B(C.I.Reactive　Black 5)染纯棉织物的染料浓度,固色率和染色后处理条件与日晒牢度的关系,以及三原色拼色时对日晒牢度的影响做了探讨,同时对涤/棉织物两浴法染色的活性黑KN-B与分散蓝HBGL对其日晒牢度的影响做了研究。结果表明:活性黑KN-B染纯棉织物,其日晒牢度随染料浓度和固色率的增加而提高,且固色率为70％以上时,日晒牢度大幅度提高。染色后处理,碱剂与皂煮对日晒牢度亦有一定的影响。使用活性黑KN-B,活性红M-3BE,活性黄M-3RE拼色对织物染色时,在KN-B的浓度为1％以下,其日晒牢度随浓度的增加而下降,在KN-B的浓度超过1％时其日晒牢度随浓度的增加而升高;日晒牢度随活性红M-3BE与活性黄M-3RE的浓度的增加而增大。采用分散/活性二浴法染涤/棉织物,其日晒牢度随KN-B浓度的增加,先降低后升高,在染料浓度大于1％时,日晒牢度几乎不在变化;但其日晒牢度随分散蓝HBGL的浓度的增加而增大。     

活性染料替代靛蓝牛仔染色及仿旧性能研究

采用C.I.活性蓝160替代靛蓝对牛仔布进行染色,探讨了染色时间、固色温度和染料用量对染色效果的影响。结果表明:C.I.活性蓝160在最佳染色工艺条件下可以替代靛蓝获得更好的染色性能和染色牢度,其最佳染色工艺为:50℃入染,促染15分钟后升温至80℃,保温染色60分钟。经过水洗后整理的牛仔布成功获得均匀的局部剥色效果,形成类似靛蓝染色的"磨白"、"仿旧"等特殊外观。     

C.I.活性红227“复合染料”的合成研究

本文介绍了C.I.活性红227"复合染料"的合成工艺,该复合染料提高了染料的相对强度、上染率、固色率、提升率,增强染料的利用率,减少原料的浪费,改善了染料的色光。     

活性黑KN—B的日晒牢度与染色工艺关系的研究

本文对活性黑KN－B（C.I.Reactive Black 5)染纯棉织物的染料浓度，固色率和染色后处理条件与日晒牢度的关系，以及三原色拼色时对日晒牢度的影响做了探讨，同时对涤／棉织物两浴法染2色的活性黑KN－B与分散蓝HBGL对其日晒牢度的影响做了研究，结果表明：活性黑KN－B染纯棉织物，其日晒牢度随染料浓度和固色率的增加而提高，且固色率为70％以上时，日晒牢度大幅度提高，染色后处理，碱剂与皂煮对日晒牢度亦有一定的影响，使用活性黑KN－B，活性红M－3BE，活性黄M－3RE拼色对织物染色时，在KN－B的浓度为1％以上，其日晒牢度随浓度的增加而下降，在KN－B的浓度超过1％时其日晒牢度随学的增加而升高，日本牢度随活性红M－3BE与活性黄M－3RE的逍度的增加而增大，采用分散／活性二浴法染涤／棉织物，其日晒牢度随KN－B浓度的增加，先降低后升高，在染料浓度大于1％时，日晒牢度几乎不在变化；但其日晒牢度随分散蓝HBGL的浓度的增加而增大。     

C．I．活性蓝198商品化研究

本文以东港工贸集团公司提供的C.I.活性蓝198原染料,添加不同助剂,进行C.I.活性蓝198商品化研究.旨在解决染料缔合,提高染料固色率,改善染料应用性能.     

双一氟三嗪活性染料的染色方法与染色性能

合成了一支含双一氟三嗪活性基团的活性染料并应用于棉纤维的染色。详细考察了染色温度、固色温度、加碱量以及加盐量对其染色结果的影响。结果表明,在染色温度90℃,Na2SO4用量70g/L,固色温度40～60℃,碱量（Na2CO3）0～3 g/L时染料的固色率可以达到87%。与同结构的含双一氯均三嗪活性染料相比,含氟活性染料的固色率提高13.5%。该染料具有较好的各项牢度性能。     

活性染料的活性基结构对细旦锦纶的染色性能研究

研究了四种不同双活性基结构的活性染料对细旦锦纶的染色性能,讨论了上染pH值、固色温度、固色加碱的pH值对染料上染性能的影响。得出适于超细锦纶织物双活性基结构的活性染料的染色工艺条件,结果表明,四种染料除双均三嗪型外均在中温固色时有较高的上染率和固色率,双乙烯砜型和溴代丙烯酰胺型活性染料适于超细锦纶染色。并且四种活性基结构的活性染料染色的细旦锦纶织物具有优异的皂洗牢度、汗渍牢度和摩擦牢度。     

Synthesis and application of KM‐type reactive dyes containing 2‐ethoxy‐4‐chloro‐s‐triazine

A new kind of hetero‐bifunctional reactive dye containing 2‐ethoxy‐4‐chloro‐s‐triazine, with better activity matching with β‐hydroxyethyl sulphone sulphate at a low fixation temperature, was successfully synthesised and characterised. An ethoxy group was designed to be introduced into triazine to increase the substantivity and the reactivity of the dyes. Thereby, the fixation of mono‐s‐chlorotriazine/hydroxyethyl sulphone sulphate (KM‐type) bifunctional reactive dyes on cotton was improved, and dyeing under mild conditions with high fixation was realised. Nineteen dyes with orange, red and blue colours were synthesised and characterised by UV‐Vis and infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Synthesised dyes were dyed at 60, 75 and 90°C, respectively. Exhaustion and reactivity for all of the ethoxy‐containing KM‐type dyes was over 90% at the optimal temperature, and fixation was over 87%, which was higher than the ethoxy‐free comparative dyes. The optimal fixation temperature of ethoxy‐containing dyes was initially reduced to 75°C, and then to 60°C. Compared with comparative dyes, the wash fastness and light fastness were basically unchanged, and the wet rub fastness of the H‐acid series was reduced by one grade.     

锦纶66微纤维活性染料染色条件探讨

采用毛用和棉用活性染料对锦纶66微纤维染色,详细讨论了染色温度、染浴pH值、染色和皂洗方法对染色深度和固色率的影响,分析了不同类型的活性染料对染色条件的敏感性。活性染料对锦纶66微纤维的染色深度、固着率和固着效率受温度、pH值、染料母体结构和活性基的影响很大。毛用活性染料更适合于锦纶66微纤维的染色,普通乙烯砜硫酸酯及乙烯砜硫酸酯/一氯均三嗪染料可有选择性地加以使用,毛用活性染料合适的染色pH值约为4,其它染料适用的pH值因品种而异。采用酸性染色或先酸性后碱性的染色条件均可,后者的优点是固着效率高,但染色深度未见提高染色后采用碱性条件皂洗有利于染色深度的提高。     

Reactive dyeing of cellulosic fibers: Use of cationic surfactants and their interaction with reactive dyes

Cotton fabrics were dyed with three reactive dyes, C.I Reactive Blue 263, C.I Reactive Red 269, and C.I Reactive Yellow 208, after pretreatment of the fabrics with three alkyl trimethyl‐ammonium bromides (tmabs) having 12, 14, and 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain. The pretreated samples were dyed with standard dyeing methods using conventional, reduced amounts of electrolyte, and no electrolyte. Pretreatment with the three cationics (tmabs) resulted in an increase in dye exhaustion with all dyes used, whereas total dye fixation was lower for both red and blue dye and equal for the yellow, when compared to the reference untreated samples dyed according to the same standard dyeing method. The interaction between dodecyl trimethyl‐ammonium bromide and the three dyes was studied and the stoichiometry of the various dye/dodecyl trimethyl‐ammonium bromide (12‐tmab) complexes formed has been deduced. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

红色复合多活性基活性染料的结构与性能关系研究--染色特性参数

应用直接性S、反应性R、竭染率E、表观固色率F、实际固色率Fr、移染指数MI、易洗涤性因子WF、匀染因子LDF等八个参数，描述了10只红色复合双活性染料的上染、匀染、清洗等染色特性。M型染料的上染曲线形状介于碱控型和盐控型之间，直接性相对较小的染料，上染曲线更接近于碱控型；直接性相对较大的染料，更相似于盐控型。在本文研究的染料中，用苯系重氮组分的染料直接性较小，易洗涤性好，移染指数和匀染性好，但竭染率和固色率相对较低。用蔡系重氮组分的染料具有良好的直接性，因而导致较好的竭染率和固色率和中等的匀染性。尤其是以2-萘胺-1，5-双磺酸为重氮组分的R4，适中的直接性、缓和的上染速度和易洗涤性，加上良好的移染性与匀染性，使其被选为M-型染料三原色之红色组分。但其固色率尚属中等水平。重氮组分上也具有硫酸酯乙基砜基的活性染料R5、R6，具有中等直接性，其反应性、竭染率、固色率均较高，和优异的易洗涤性和很好的湿处理牢度，但移染性和匀染性稍低．乙烯砜染料的直接性比相应的乙基砜硫酸酯染料大，在苯系重氮组分中差别比萘系明显。但E，F相差不大，乙烯砜的易洗涤性略差于相应的硫酸酯乙基砜染料。通过不同芳环、磺酸基和硫酸酯乙基砜基引入重氮组分，可以调节本文涉及的复合双活性基染料的亲和力、反应性，从而对染料的竭染率、固色率、易洗涤性、匀染性和湿处理牢度作出大致的预测，并可作为染料结构和复配增效配方设计的参考依据。     

溴代丙烯酰胺基活性染料的发展

本文综述了溴代丙烯酰胺基活性染料与羊毛的反应机理,简要介绍了Lanasol染料的应用性能和近年Ciba公司推出的Lanasol CE型系列染料。     

季铵型阳离子活性染料

本文综述了季铵型阳离子活性染料的理论与实践纤维素纤维在染浴中解离出羟基负离子,阳离子型活性染料在静电作用下吸附,提高了活性染料的亲和力和直接性,这种作用正是普通活性染料染色过程中无机盐所起的作用,因而阳离子型活性染料在染色中可大量减少甚至不使用无机盐,并可以大幅度提高染料的固色率,降低印染成本,缩短和简化印染流程,大量降低染色废水的排出。阳离子型活性染料大致分为两类:一类是阳离子在活性染料分的母体上,另一类是阳离子在活性基上。染料中阳离子主要有芳胺类季铵盐和脂肪族季铵化合物:染料的的化学结构类型主要是偶氮类、蒽醌类和杂环类,其合成方法与普通活性染料大同小异阳离子型活性染料是普通活性染料性能改进与提高的主要途径之一有25篇参考文献。     

Reactive dyeing of silk using commercial acid dyes based on a three‐component Mannich‐type reaction

Acid dyes are employed for commercially dyeing silk, which results in ionic bonds between the silk fibroin and the dye. This generally leads to low wet fastness properties for dyed silk fabrics. In this work, three commercial acid dyes with aromatic primary amine structures were selected to dye silk using a Mannich‐type reaction, resulting in improved wet fastness of dyed silk by forming covalent bonds between silk fibroin and dye. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing was applied to silk fabrics at both 30 and 90°C in trials. Dyeing at 90°C can shorten the dyeing time compared with dyeing at 30°C, even although dye exhaustion and relative fixation at 90°C were a little lower. The dyeing process was optimised when the dyeing temperature was 90°C, dyebath pH 4, dye‐to‐formaldehyde ratio 1:30 and holding dyeing time 60 minutes. The results showed that the dye exhaustion on silk fabrics for the three aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes exceeded 94% and their relative fixation was over 80%. Their washing and rubbing fastness reached grade 4 or higher. Hence, the colour fastness properties of dyed silk fabrics using the Mannich‐type reactive dyeing method is superior to the conventional acid dyeing method using the same aromatic primary amine‐containing acid dyes. The Mannich‐type reactive dyeing for silk fabrics at 90°C can be developed into a novel and rapid reactive dyeing method, promising an effective dyeing process with excellent colour fastness.     

Studies on Some New Reactive Disperse Dyes

The preparation of some new reactive disperse dyes which can be used for dyeing 100% synthetic and fibre blends is described. The preparation of some disperse dyes containing a chlorohydrin group is also described. This radical is the precursor of the epoxide reactive group in the active form of these dyes. Dyeings produced on various fibre blends by a two–stage high–temperature and by a carrier–dyeing technique are assessed. It was found that dyeings produced by the high–temperature technique were brighter, more level and possessed much better technical properties than those obtained using the carrier–dyeing method. The fastness properties of dyed samples were determined and found to be comparable with those of conventional disperse and reactive dyes. The colour yield was also determined in order to examine the possibility of obtaining deep dyeings on blended fibres, and to evaluate the potential commercial use of these dyes for dyeing blends as well as 100% synthetic–polymer fibres.