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油藏中存在丰富的内源微生物,通过激活内源微生物,利用其生长繁殖的代谢产物与油藏原油的作用实现提高稠油油藏原油采收率的目的。因此,掌握油藏内源微生物群落的结构组成和多样性信息对于高效采油功能菌的筛选至关重要。利用二代测序技术对江汉油田普通稠油油藏的4个中高温高矿化度区块采出液中的细菌和古菌群落组成进行了多样性分析。结果表明,4种样品中古菌种类丰富,均高于细菌种类;在属水平上,细菌群落主要以Pseudomonas、Thauera、Halobacillus和Marinobacter为主,古菌群落主要以Halogeometricum、Methanobacterium和Methanothermobacter为主;4种样品中的内源微生物群落均具有降黏和脱氮的性能,表明江汉油田内源微生物具有降黏和脱氮的巨大潜力,可通过不同培养基富集筛选高效的采油功能菌,为其在提高江汉油田采收率的应用奠定了基础。 相似文献
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结合靖安油田五里湾-区油藏高盐低渗特点,对其内源微生物进行了普查和分析,结果表明内源微生物类型和数量具有多样化的特点。以五里湾-区油井采出液为数活对象,在初步筛选营养成分的基础上,确定了碳源、氮源、磷源及其大致浓度,采用PB、最陡爬坡和响应面实验方法,以微生物生长和代谢为筛选条件,对影响微生物生长效果的因素进行了优化和评价,得到了最佳激活体系配方。该激活体系能够高效地激活该油藏中的内源微生物,并显著降低发酵液的表面张力,表明高盐低渗的五里湾-区油藏具有较大的内源微生物驱油提高原油采收率潜力。 相似文献
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以大庆朝阳沟低渗透油田88-122井为研究对象,通过高通量测序技术对其内源微生物群落及地层水离子组成进行了分析;以菌体浓度和表面张力为考核指标,获得了内源微生物激活剂配方;并分析了油藏内源微生物激活后的产物成分及群落变化。结果表明,低渗透内源微生物激活剂配方为:糖蜜6.0 g·L~(-1)、NaNO_3 9.0 g·L~(-1)、(NH_4)_2HPO_4 1.67 g·L~(-1)、FeSO_4·7H_2O 0.02 g·L~(-1)、MgSO_4 0.1 g·L~(-1)、MnSO_4·H_2O 0.000 5 g·L~(-1),培养时间为4 d,激活后菌体浓度达到1.2×10~9 CFU·mL~(-1),表面张力可降至45.75 mN·m~(-1);激活后内源微生物所产生物气主要为CO_2和H_2,为产甲烷菌提供了充足的底物;挥发性脂肪酸以乙酸含量最高,达1 078.38 mg·L~(-1)。该激活剂不但能激活地层水中的采油功能菌群,而且最大限度地降低了表面张力,同时,抑制了有害菌群的生长,具有提高原油采收率的潜力。 相似文献
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胜利油田沾3区块内源微生物室内模拟激活实验研究 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:7
在考察了国内外内源微生物采油技术研究情况的基础上,采用1#~4#激活剂配方对沾3区块注入水中微生物群落进行了选择性激活,对激活后总菌、有益菌、有害菌的数量及表面张力进行了检测,并进行了室内模拟驱油实验。实验结果表明,1#~4#激活剂配方能有效刺激有益菌的生长,同时对有害菌SRB实现了较为有效的抑制,压力和多孔介质对微生物的生长会产生一定的影响,多孔介质的影响较压力的影响要显著一些,KNO3的激活效果及提高残余油采收率的效果要优于NH4NO3,硝酸盐含量从0.1 %到0.2 %的增加能增加有益菌的数目,但对采收率的提高作用并不明显。室内模拟驱油实验表明,在水驱基础上内源微生物驱可提高采收率达6%以上。 相似文献
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分析了内源微生物驱提高采收率技术的机理、特点。从室内研究分析、区块选择、方案设计、现场实施、效果评价等方面详细说明了长庆油田超低渗透油藏白153区微生物驱先导性试验的情况。白153区共进行3个井组试验,14口油井中见效6口,有效率42.9%,含水平均下降38%~80%,累计增油1850t,累计降水5201m3。矿场试验表明,采用内源微生物驱油技术,能激活油层中的微生物,这些微生物的代谢活动及产物增加了原油的流动性,提高了水驱波及体积,使油井产量增加、含水下降,从而达到提高采收率的目的。 相似文献
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桑淑华 《中国石油和化工标准与质量》2014,(10):34-34
在采油作业进行的过程中,采出的原油经过脱水分离之后得到的含油污水就被称作油田采出水。各个油田由于处于的环境、原油的特性及地质条件不同,造成采油方法的不同,进而使得各种油田采出水的特性也不一样,但不同之中也有一定的相同之处,如都含原油、悬浮物、微生物等成分等。由于它直接影响了我们的生态环境,关系到人类的健康和社会经济的发展,所以对这些油田采出水的处理是非常重要的。因此,本文在对油田采出水特点介绍的基础上,总结概括了当前对油田采出水处理的办法和措施,并对当前存在的问题及未来的发展方向做出了分析。 相似文献
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微生物采油现状及前景展望 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了微生物采油技术的基本概念,机理和发展现状,探讨了该技术的研究方法,优点和适用条件,并提出了微生物采油技术的发展前景及需要进一步解决的问题。 相似文献
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Microbial enhanced oil recovery (MEOR) is a tertiary oil recovery process that manipulates the microbial environment inside oil reservoirs to modify the physical/chemical properties of the reservoirs to enhance the oil recovery. Up to now, the detailed MEOR mechanism is still not entirely clear due to the multiple influence factors (e.g., pH, nutrients, temperature, porosity, and permeability) on microbial growth and reproduction, as well as the lack of understanding of microbial's influencing mechanism on the oil recovery process. In this study, a Bacillus subtilis-based MEOR process was conducted in a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based microfluidic device to mimic the MEOR process in the reservoir. The porous microstructure based on real sandstone slice images was fabricated with laser ablation on a PMMA substrate. Two different MEOR approaches were conducted in the PMMA-based microfluidics devices: the direct injection of displacing reagent (biosurfactant produced by bacteria) into the microfluidic chip for the oil recovery (ex-situ), and the incubation of bacteria solution inside the chip followed with brine flooding (in-situ). The result indicates the ex-situ MEOR process with B. subtilis can reach a recovery rate of 38.56%, while the in-situ MEOR process with B. subtilis reached a recovery rate of 40.27%. The proposed study provides a new tool for understanding the MEOR process, with advantages in visibility and accurate fluid control during the MEOR process. 相似文献
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Ana Paula Capeto Braian Buitrago Uribe Manuela Pintado Ana Sofia Guimarães Ana L. S. Oliveira 《应用聚合物科学杂志》2024,141(10):e55065
In the context of the 21st century, the integration of diverse perspectives within the circular economy framework, encompassing waste management, economic growth, and environmental sustainability, stands out as a paramount challenge. Addressing this challenge, an innovative avenue emerges through the application of microbial oil to replace traditional petroleum in the synthesis of essential commodity chemicals. This groundbreaking study takes a significant step toward this goal by introducing a pioneering polyester material boasting an exceptionally high renewable content. This material is synthesized through melt polycondensation, utilizing a novel primary feedstock derived from the oily residue extracted post-distillation of β-farnesene (FDR). The ingenious approach involves fermenting sugarcane syrup using a genetically engineered yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The outcome of this study reveals the creation of an amorphous polymer with rubber-like attributes. These attributes include a Young's modulus of 3.9 MPa, with a maximum elastic strain and tensile stress values of 185.4% and 510 KPa, respectively, along with distinctive strain-hardening characteristics. Remarkably, this material also exhibits indications of shape memory behavior in a temperature range spanning from −47 to 12°C, as discerned from dynamic mechanical analysis. Evidently, this novel polymer demonstrates exceptional promise in the realm of low-temperature applications. Its intrinsic ability to uphold mechanical integrity, even when subjected to substantial deformations within its service conditions, positions it as an invaluable resource for various components requiring resilience in challenging environments. 相似文献
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从土壤中筛选到一株能在纤维素刚果红培养基上生长的真菌,经形态学和ITS全序列分析鉴定该菌株为长孢被孢霉PFY。菌株在发酵过程中不需额外添加纤维素酶就可直接利用预处理后的稻草秸秆进行发酵生产油脂。利用气质联用技术分析了所产油脂成分,该油脂中含有较多的不饱和组分,其中油酸和亚油酸百分含量为31.70%和27.30%。对其利用预处理后的秸秆进行发酵因素的考察,适宜发酵条件为底物浓度20g/L,初始pH6,温度28℃,接种量2%,添加0.2%KH2PO4和0.05%ZnSO4。在适宜条件下发酵后油脂得率为8.15%。 相似文献