电磁相关法测量传感器励磁线圈轴向长度优化设计

小管径电磁相关法流量测量传感器在石油生产测井领域有着广泛的应用前景,其中,励磁线圈的参数设计是实现该传感器关键技术问题之一。通过对传感器内部测量空间磁场进行理论与传感器测量原理分析,提出了新的磁场评价指标,并在不同流速、不同励磁线圈轴向长度的情况下进行数值仿真,应用新的磁场评价指标与传统的磁场评价指标对比分析,获得了电磁相关法流量测量传感器的励磁线圈轴向长度设计参数,并搭建实验平台进行初步实验验证,为该类传感器励磁线圈的优化设计提供了方案,加快该类测量仪器的开发进程。     

原油含水率测量传感器性能优化实验研究

石油开采实际工况复杂多变,在利用电导法在线测量含水率时,环境因素温度、矿化度和传感器本身的电极结构会带来 测量上的偏差。 本研究设计不同电极环内径、激励电极间距的三电极和四电极进行对比实验并利用标定实验获取电导率和温 度信息。 在考虑到温度、信号调理电路等因素造成非线性的情况下,建立综合补偿函数并利用最小二乘法进行优化以求取温度 和非线性综合补偿参数。 通过电极结构的优化和得到的补偿参数实现对传感器的性能优化。 搭建含水率测试系统进行模拟测 试验证,实验表明,经过电极结构参数优化和补偿的传感器测量误差在 2%之内,稳定性较好,可满足原油含水率的测量。     

Flow characteristics research of air–water flow with an optimized multielectrode conductance sensor

The measurement of flow characteristics in air–water two‐phase flow is greatly influenced by the complex flow structure. In this work, the design and construction of a multi‐electrode conductance sensor is described that can be applied to measure phase fraction and axial velocity of air–water two‐phase flow. The sensor is designed to be axially flush‐mounted on the inner wall of a test section with the diameter of 0.05 m to avoid flow disturbances. Based on finite element analysis, the geometry of the multi‐electrode conductance sensor is optimized to ensure that the region of air–water mixture that is affected by the sensor is optimal for measuring the phase fraction and axial velocity. Static experiments are conducted to calibrate the optimized sensor. Measurements are performed on a horizontal air–water two‐phase flow experiment facility. Experimental results indicate that the designed multi‐electrode conductance sensor can be used to estimate the phase fraction and axial velocity in horizontal air–water flows with satisfactory accuracy. The study shows that with the optimized multi‐electrode conductance sensor it is possible to characterize the horizontal air–water two‐phase flow. © 2015 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

带有测温系统的液固两相流旋转冲蚀试验装置

液固两相流冲蚀磨损过程中,固体颗粒的动能部分转化为热能,使过流部件和料浆液温度升高,冲刷磨损与摩擦热使过流部件材料的磨损速度与腐蚀速度都加快,共同加剧过流部件的损坏,在高速冲蚀磨损条件下,摩擦热效应的影响应引起高度重视。针对目前液固两相流冲蚀磨损试验装置缺乏试样温度实时测试的问题,自行设计研制了一种带有测温系统的旋转式冲蚀磨损试验装置。在被冲蚀试样表面附近、中心和背面附近位置开孔,插入热电偶,通过导线与温度传感器和计算机联接,在线测试并绘制冲蚀磨损过程中试样不同部位的温度变化曲线,具有结构简单、操作便利、数据稳定可靠、直观性好的特点。本装置可以模拟湿法冶金、化工、采矿、水电等冲蚀磨损工况条件,特别是分析测试冲蚀磨损过程中摩擦热量在试样中的产生、传递及其对试样冲蚀磨损特性的影响。