改进风冷热泵热水机组除霜性能的实验研究

通过对一台风冷热泵冷热水机组除霜时使用热力膨胀阀和使用短暂直接连通机组高低压侧的对比实验,研究了不同节流装置对机组除霜性能的影响,提出了改进风冷泵冷热水机组除霜性能的一种方法。     

风冷热泵冷热水机组有关问题讨论(一)

本文讨论了风冷热泵冷热水机组在设计选型、用户使用和招标投标项目中常遇到的一些技术问题,其中包括机组的制冷量与制热量、机组的噪声、机组的除霜措施、机组使用的压缩机、机组的性能系数等问题.     

风冷热泵旁通除霜问题的研究

通过对风冷热泵冷热水机组冬季制热运行时换热器结霜与除霜问题的研究,针对一种常见的逆循环除霜中旁通除霜法研究,提出了相应的减少除霜损失的措施。     

风冷热泵旁通除霜问题的研究

本文通过对风冷热泵冷热水机组冬季制热运行时换热器结霜与除霜问题的研究，针对一种常见的逆循环除霜中旁通除霜法研究，提出了相应的减少除霜损失的方法。     

关于风冷热泵除霜问题的研究

本文通过对风冷热泵冷热水机组冬季制热运行时换热器结霜与除霜问题的研究，提出了一种“能量分析法”。具体针对一种常见的除霜方法-逆循环除霜，提出了相应的减少除霜损失的方法。     

风冷热泵冷热水机组设计中的若干问题

讨论了风冷热泵冷热水机组在设计中遇到的一些问题，如主要部件选择、除霜控制以及计算机辅助设计等。提出了需进一步进行的工作。     

风冷热泵组合运行除霜模式研究

针对某些高湿地区冬季风冷热泵结霜严重的问题,提出了一种新的热泵除霜运行模式-组合运行除霜模式,并对在该模式下热泵机组的稳定运行性能和节能特点进行了分析;计算分析表明:采用组合运行除霜模式可以提高热泵运行的经济性、低温环境下热泵机组供热的稳定性和供热舒适度.     

模块式风冷热泵冷热水机组水流量控制技术研究

分析了模块式风冷热泵冷热水机组水流量保证的方法,研究了压差式流量开关在模块式风冷热泵冷热水机组中的应用。     

小型风冷热泵制冷剂最佳充注量实验研究

以R22为工质,通过对风冷热泵冷热水机组制冷剂充注量的实验研究,分析充注量对机组系统性能的影响及原因,提出机组性能改进措施及方法,实现风冷热泵节能优化.     

风冷热泵冷热水机组总体布局与主要部件配置的分析

分析了风冷热泵冷热水机组的总体布局和主要部件的配置以及应注意的问题,为风冷热泵冷热水机组的设计与选型提供参考。     

节流短管在大容量空调机组中的应用

对在大容量空调机组中应用节流短管作为制冷系统节流机构的可行性进行分析,并通过试验方法对在同一款空调机组上分别采用节流短管组件、毛细管和热力膨胀阀作为节流机构时的整机性能进行测试和对比。试验结果表明,空调机组采用多分路节流短管组件作为节流和分液机构时,各回气支路温度的标准偏差仅为1.39℃,其分液均匀性明显优于采用热力膨胀阀或毛细管节流;此外,制冷量比采用毛细管和热力膨胀阀分别提高5.7%和4.2%,能效比也比采用毛细管和热力膨胀阀分别提高5.5%和6.2%,可有效地提高蒸发器的换热能力和整机能效比。     

A novel defrosting control method based on the degree of refrigerant superheat for air source heat pumps

When an air source heat pump (ASHP) unit operates for space heating at a frosting environment, periodic defrosting is necessary to maintain a high system performance. To defrost efficiently, it is necessary to find an effective defrosting control method. In this paper, an experiment was carried out on an ASHP unit with a capillary tube as a throttle device, under simulated frosting and defrosting conditions using time control defrosting method, and the experimental results are firstly presented. Secondly, a novel defrosting control method based on the degree of refrigerant superheat (DS) is reported. To validate the novel defrosting control method, a further experiment was conducted on another ASHP unit with an electronic expansion valve (EEV) as a throttle device, under simulated frosting and defrosting conditions. The experimental results demonstrated that when applying the novel defrosting control method, defrosting was initiated before the operating performances of ASHP unit rapidly deteriorated, which was more reasonable.     

空气源热泵机组除霜性能试验研究

为了研究不同节流机构、不同除霜方式对空气源热泵机组除霜性能的影响,在空气源热泵机组上对热力膨胀阀、电子膨胀阀作为除霜节流机构,以及采用“四通换向阀直接换向除霜”和“压缩机停机四通换向阀换向除霜”2种除霜方式,进行了试验比较研究。结果表明：采用电子膨胀阀的除霜时间比热力膨胀阀的短12s,即减少11％。笔者提出采用电子膨胀阀＋压缩机停机四通换向阀换向除霜模式的结合,具备四通换向阀换向除霜的除霜强度,解决了“奔油”等部分缺陷,而且采用电子膨胀阀进行除霜可缩短部分除霜时间。     

Experiment investigation of reverse cycle defrosting methods on air source heat pump with TXV as the throttle regulator

Reverse-cycle defrosting technique is one of the simplest and most widely used defrosting methods for air source heat pumps (ASHP). However, there are still some problems if thermal expansive valve (TXV) is used as throttle regulator in the unit: the defrosting process might last so long that users would feel uncomfortable due to the fluctuation of the indoor temperature: the system cannot resume heating mode smoothly after the defrosting process, the system often breaks down due to the triggering of low-pressure switch. In this paper the authors proposed that these two problems can be greatly relieved if there is a by-pass solenoid valve in the system which can by-pass the TXV used in the defrosting mode, and best performance can be addressed if the by-pass valve is energized during the whole defrosting process.     

Transient and steady-state experimental investigation of flash tank vapor injection heat pump cycle control strategy

Recent research on vapor injection technique has been mostly focused on performance improvement using different system configurations. The flash tank cycle typically shows better performance than the internal heat exchanger cycle. However, the flash tank cycle control strategy is not yet clearly defined. In this study, a novel cycle control strategy is proposed for an R-410A vapor injection flash tank heat pump system and its feasibility was experimentally investigated. The proposed novel cycle control strategy utilized an electronic expansion valve (EEV) for the upper-stage expansion and a thermostatic expansion valve for the lower-stage expansion, and applied an electric heater in the vapor injection line to introduce superheat to the injected vapor by providing a control signal to the upper-stage EEV. Both transient and steady-state system behaviors were studied. The proposed cycle control strategy was found to be able to provide reliable control to the system.     

户用空气源热泵机组除霜方法的实验研究

试验对比一台户用整体式空气源热泵机组的3种除霜方案：旁通制冷膨胀阀、风机提前启动和热气旁通融霜。结果表明,用外径16 mm的铜管旁通制冷膨胀阀是比较适合测试样机的除霜方法,在-3℃/90%工况下除霜时间由205 s缩短至99 s;当除霜温度设定为0℃时,提前启动风机可以避免系统的高低压出现大幅度的波动;而热气旁通融霜会导致机组的制热能力下降,但有利于机组在低温工况下的运行稳定性。最后对试验需要改进的地方进行简要说明。     

Integration of a three-stage expander into a CO2 refrigeration system

The inclusion of an expander with work recovery provides two advantages for transcritical CO₂ refrigeration cycles: the COP is improved and the exhaust pressure of the main compressor is lowered. Several designs of expanders have been proposed for this application and some prototypes have been tested already. In our laboratory a three-stage expander has been developed, which replaces the throttle valve of the normal refrigeration cycle and expands into the two-phase region. For optimum integration into the overall system it is proposed to install a vapour-liquid separator between the second and third stage of expansion. The vapour is guided back to the third expander stage whereas the liquid is supplied to the cooling stations via thermostatic or electronic expansion valves.     

膨胀阀对陈列柜内温度分布影响的对比实验研究

对热力膨胀阀和电子膨胀阀控制下陈列柜内的温度分布做了实验研究。结果表明，在热力膨胀阀控制下，陈列柜内的温度分布情况与电子膨胀阀相差不大。在目前的实际应用中，热力膨胀阀基本能满足一般客户对陈列柜的使用要求，没有必要大规模进行电子膨胀阀的替代。     

电子膨胀阀在低温装置上降温特性的试验研究

为了研究电子膨胀阀在低温条件下的应用特性,研制了低温试验台,并在试验台上并联安装了电子膨胀阀和热力膨胀阀,对两种膨胀阀在相近工况下进行降温特性的对比性试验。根据实验结果进行分析研究,可以看出电子膨胀阀在低温条件下的控温曲线是非常平稳的,并可调节电子膨胀阀的不同开度,达到不同的降温速率及终温。另外通过改变电子膨胀阀开度,研究了在变开度情况下,对制冷系统循环参数的影响。     

Investigation of the effects of thermostatic and electronic expansion valves on the steady-state and transient performance of commercial chillers

This paper investigates the steady-state performance and transient response of a commercial fixed-speed on-off controlled chiller and presents comparative performance results obtained during operation with a thermostatic and with an electronic expansion valve. The aim was to establish the effect of the two valves on the transient and steady-state performance of the chiller and to quantify the effects of on-off cycling losses during part-load operation. The results indicate that the chiller has a very fast response during start-up and that cycling losses are very low. The thermostatic expansion valve gives a slightly faster response than the electronic expansion valve with the penalty, however, of less stable operation with larger superheat oscillations at steady-state conditions.