一种高有机硫煤的化学药剂脱硫研究

选择复合脱硫剂在酸性条件下研究脱硫条件（煤浆浓度、处理时间、复合脱硫剂的浓度及溶液酸度）对高有机硫煤总硫、无机硫和有机硫脱硫率的影响．研究表明,煤浆浓度越低、处理时间越长、复合脱硫剂的浓度越大、处理溶液的酸度越大,总硫、无机硫和有机硫的脱硫率越大,最后对处理液和脱硫精煤进行了组分分析,探讨了酸性条件下复合脱硫剂脱除煤中总硫的反应及脱硫机理．     

微波协同化学助剂强化脱除煤中硫

硫是煤中主要有害元素,煤炭利用过程中硫的排放是酸雨的重要成因,脱硫是煤炭洁净利用的研究热点之一。微波具有促进反应发生、加快反应速率的作用,微波协同化学助剂脱硫是煤炭脱硫的重要手段。本文通过微波辐照结合3种化学助剂研究煤中硫的脱除效果,利用正交试验考察微波辐照时间、化学助剂种类和煤种对脱硫效果的影响。结果表明,煤种对微波协同不同助剂的脱硫效率影响较大,所选3种煤样的最佳辐照时间各不相同;硝酸与微波联合的脱硫效果最好,其中贵州(GZ)煤在微波协同硝酸作用下,全硫脱除率可达71. 2%。形态硫测试分析表明煤样经脱硫后无机硫脱除效率较高,最高可达90. 5%,有机硫脱除效率在20%～40%。XRD谱图分析显示微波协同化学助剂脱硫后,煤中主要矿物和煤质结构没有明显变化,微波在脱除煤中硫分的同时可保持煤炭基质稳定。XPS谱图分析表明,煤样硫醚(醇)类有机硫脱除效果较好,脱除率可达49. 4%,亚砜类略低,脱除率为23%～28%,噻吩类有机硫脱除效果最差,脱除率在10%～20%。     

微波氧化脱除煤中有机硫

采用微波联合超声波分别对潞安煤、西山煤、云南煤和阳泉煤进行脱硫研究.考察了氧化剂配比、微波辐照时间、超声波联合微波等条件对煤中有机硫脱除效果的影响.实验结果表明,不同氧化剂配比有不同的脱有机硫效果.其中,V(HAc):V(H2O2)=1∶1时,脱硫效果最佳;微波辐照时间对脱硫率有明显的影响,随着微波辐照时间的延长,有机...     

煤的生物脱硫（Ⅱ）—脱有机硫

2有机硫的脱除 2.1菌种的开发 70年代末,有关微生物脱除有机硫的研究陆续有所报道.1979年Rog等人用微生物脱除煤中硫时,发现也除掉了少量有机硫.由于对其化学性质还不十分清楚,故在其报告中未强调有机硫的脱除.     

甲醇合成中硫和硫化物精脱除技术

介绍了几种干法脱硫剂的工作机理及应用条件,阐述了有机硫的水解和脱除机理。从脱硫剂的性质上看,氧化铁和锰矿脱硫剂硫容大,但脱硫精度低;氧化锌脱硫剂脱硫精度高,但硫容小、不易再生,且使用成本高;活性炭脱硫剂脱硫精度高、硫容大,应在有氧气氛中使用。对于有机硫而言,加氢转化和水解都能满足脱除要求。     

四种吸收剂用于煤中硫脱除的研究

采用四种不同的吸收剂作为脱硫剂对煤中硫的脱除进行了比较研究 ,考察了吸收剂用量、煤燃烧温度、时间及催化剂对硫的脱除的影响 .实验结果表明 :在煤燃烧过程中 ,通过吸收剂把大部分的硫固定在煤灰中是一种高效简易的脱硫方法 ,1 #与 2 #的混合固硫剂加少量催化剂的脱硫率可达 82 % .     

高硫煤热解脱硫技术研究现状

归纳了煤中硫赋存形态,阐述了热解脱硫研究的意义;根据热解过程脱硫方式,将热解脱硫分为不同气氛下热解脱硫和添加物共热解脱硫。不同气氛下热解脱硫方面,分析了惰性、氧化性、还原性3种气氛下热解脱硫效果,结果表明,还原性气氛下脱硫效果最佳,且被脱除的硫多以H2S形态逸出;炼焦煤热解形成焦炭,还原性氢仅与表面含硫化合物反应,脱硫效果有限,因此难以工业化应用。添加物共热解脱硫方面,分析了有机和无机添加物共热解的脱硫效果,结果表明,某些有机和无机添加物与煤共热解时具有脱硫效果,但对于脱除哪类形态硫及各形态硫脱除机理研究甚少;最后提出了热解脱硫技术研究的可能性方向。     

高效转化吸收型铁锰脱硫剂的实验室研究

介绍了新型高效铁锰系转化吸收型脱硫剂的实验室研究结果。该脱硫剂是在TC-1型脱硫剂基础上从改进化学组分、物理结构和颗粒外型等方面着手研制,主要应用于精细脱除气态烃中脱除有机硫(噻吩类除外)和无机硫。在实际测试中,除保证了TC-1型脱硫剂高转化活性和高净化度外,本研究所制备的脱硫剂的穿透硫容、饱和硫容均得到了大幅提高。本脱硫剂部分替代加氢-氧化锌脱硫剂,可降低操作费用,提高经济效益。     

甲醇生产中精脱硫工艺及脱硫剂的选择

评述了不同原料制取甲醇合成气时有机硫转化催化剂与硫吸收剂的合理搭配方式,给出了近年在国内甲醇生产厂实际使用时的脱硫效果和存在问题。当以重（渣）油或煤为原料部分氧化法制气时,在近室温下水解催化剂串接氧化锌脱硫剂可确保总硫脱除到0.01ppm以下,具有最佳节能和精脱硫效果。     

高硫炼焦煤微波-KMnO4协同脱硫实验研究

选用新阳高硫炼焦原煤,研究在微波-KMnO4协同作用下煤中有机硫的脱除效果,考察了微波辐照功率、辐照时间、KMnO4用量和稀硝酸用量对脱硫率的影响;以均匀化实验设计开展实验,选用DPS软件对实验结果进行逐步回归分析,创建最优回归方程,并对回归方程进行模型优化,获得了实验条件选取范围内微波-KMnO4协同法脱硫效果的最优实验条件组合;采用XPS对实验前后煤中有机硫组分进行分析,得出不同类型有机硫组分在微波-KMnO4协同作用下的脱除情况.     

氢气纯度分析方法准确性的探讨

ONACCURACYOFANALYSISOFOFHYDROGEN1前言我公司目前应用的氢气纯度分析方法有两种,一种是爆炸反应法,另一种是焦性没食子酸吸收法。几年来,人们对两种分析方法的准确性曾有过褒贬不一的评论。这里我们也谈谈自己粗浅的观点。2爆炸法测定氢气纯度一定量的氢气样品与适量的空气之均匀混合物因反应后生成液体水而引起气体体积减少,减少的体积等于参加反应气体体积之和。其中l／3为氧气,2／3为氢气。根据氢气取样量和反应前后混气体体积之差,以及氢气在反应中的体积比例关系,可计算出样品的氢气纯度。计算公式式中：A一混…     

COMPARISON OF METHODS OF ANALYSIS OF GYPSUM1

The different analytical methods proposed for the evaluation of gypsum have been subjected to an experimental test. A combination method, consisting of a fusion with KHCO₃ and determination of CaO by KMnO₄ titration, the SO₃ by Andrews method of titration of BaCrO₄ has been found to give very reliable results with the least consumption of time.     

SEDIMENTATION OF BINARY MIXTURES OF PARTICLES OF UNEQUAL DENSITIES AND OF DIFFERENT SIZES

A model is developed for the sedimentation from a suspension of two particle species of unequal densities and of different sizes. The composition and the thickness of various layers in the sediments are predicted using graphical and analytical methods. The model predictions were in excellent agreement with experimental results, when the particle size ratio was ≥ 108. When size ratio of the particles was 2.60 and 4.31 the agreement occurred in about 50 percent of the cases.     

HEASUREHENT OF INSTANTANEOUS RATES OF LOSS OF VOIATILE COMPOUNDS DURING DRYING OF DROPS

A novel technique serves to monitor instantaneous rates of loss of a volatile solute from a suspended drop during drying. A highly sensitive electron capture detector is used to monitor concentrations of SF6 released into a flowing gas stream from a suspended, drying drop. Simultaneously, the appearance and morphological development of the drop are monitored with a video camera. This provides the wherewithal of relating instantaneous rates of loss of the volatile solute to particular events during the development of particle morphology.

Initial experiments have been carried out with drops of aqueous solutions of glucose, sucrose, maltodextrin and coffee extract. The results clearly display the onset of the volatiles-retentive selective diffusion phenomenon. There is also substantial loss of the volatile component later in the drying process, when the drops undergo repeated ex ansion, bursting and cratering due to the formation of internaf bubbles. These experiments appear to be the first quantitative demonstration of major losses accompanying changes in drop morphology.     

茶多酚提取方法进展

本文综述了国内外现有茶多酚提取方法的现状以及近期的研究进展，并对其优缺点进行了评价。这将有助于中低档茶的综合利用和茶多酚的进一步开发应用。     

ANALYSIS OF RECENT MEASUREMENTS OF THE VISCOSITY OF GLASSES

Viscosity of Simple Soda-Silicate 500° to 1400°C Comparison of the results given by English with those of Washburn, Shelton and Libman, indicates a discrepancy in the absolute values of log₁₀ viscosity amounting to 0.6, those of Washburn et al., being relatively too high. If correction for this is made, the isothermal curves of log₁₀ viscosity as a function of soda content are smooth up to 50% Na₂O, showing no inflection. The observations as a function of temperature T are all represented within accidental error by an equation of the type where all three constants vary regularly with the composition. Change of Viscosity of Glass (6SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to Molecular Substitution of CaO, MgO and Al₂O₃ for Na₂O The effect is clearly brought out by plotting (from the results of English) the change of log₁₀η due to the substitution as a function of temperature. The curves each show a sharp bend at a temperature between 840° and 1050°C, which is designated the aggregation temperature T_a. If we divide these curves by the corresponding percentage substituted, we get curves for each oxide which are straight and parallel below the aggregation temperatures, the slopes (increase of change of log₁₀η per 100°C) being −0.056 (CaO), −0.055 (MgO), −0.018 (A1₂O₃) per per cent oxide substituted. For substitution of 1/2 molecule the slopes are −0.325 (CaO), −0.23 (MgO) and −0.18 (Al₂O₃) per 100°. At the aggregation temperature the change of log₁₀η per per cent is a minimum, 0.03 to 0.06 for CaO, 0.12 for MgO, 0.07 for Al₂O₃. Evidence of Aggregation in Glasses, from viscosity Measurements The sharp bends in the plots of change of log₁₀η due to substitution of an oxide for Na₂O, suggest the beginning of molecular aggregation at these temperatures. These aggregation temperatures are close to the devitrification temperatures, but the effect on the viscosity curves cannot be due to actual devitrification since it does not change with time. Taking the aggregation temperatures as equal to devitrification temperatures, additional isotherms are roughly sketched into the equilibrium triangle of the system Na₂O-CaO-SiO₂. Change of Viscosity of Glass (4SiO₂, 2Na₂O) due to of Substitution of B₂O₃ for SiO₂ The change of log₁₀η (from the results of English) is plotted as a function of temperature, and also the change of log₁₀η per per cent B₂O₃. The curves are more complex than for the substitution for Na₂O.     

环氧树脂羟基值测定方法的研究

利用乙酸酐、吡啶和浓硫酸混合的乙酰化试剂测定环氧树脂中羟基值含量的方法具有操作简便、滴定终点明显和分析结果误差小等优点。     

骑式摩托车油箱喷涂工艺的改进

面对日益激烈的市场竞争,摩托车油箱外观质量越来越成为影响销售的因素之一。文章介绍了改进工艺后的油箱涂装,该涂装体系提高了油箱外观的丰满度,降低了油箱涂装的生产成本。     

几种针状焦性能对比

针状焦分石油系和煤系两大类,这主要取决于针状焦的原料来源。在同一系列中由于原料不同和工艺条件不同 ,针状焦的各自性能也不相同。针状焦是生产超高功率石墨电极和高功率石墨电极的主要原料 ,针状焦的性能对石墨电极的质量有至关重要的影响。所以对针状焦性能以及其对石墨电极质量影响的研究十分必要的。以下是常用的几种进口针状焦和国产针状焦的性能对比。１原料性能分析对比原料试样包括４种针状焦 ,其中两种为进口针状焦：三菱针状焦和新日化针状焦;另两种为国产针状焦：鞍山针状焦和锦州针状焦。其中除锦州针状焦是石油系针状焦外…     

聚酰亚胺的合成法

本文评述了缩聚型聚酰亚胺的主要合成方法和近年来国际上在合成中所做的探索。