20#碳钢和304不锈钢在高温环烷酸中的腐蚀研究

采用高温高压反应釜进行高温环烷酸腐蚀试验,改变试验温度、介质浓度和流速等因素,研究了20#碳钢和304不锈钢在高温条件下的腐蚀行为。结果表明,温度、介质浓度和流速对环烷酸的腐蚀速率有显著的影响。两种材质在环烷酸中的腐蚀速率随温度升高,均呈现先增加后减小的规律,20#碳钢的腐蚀速率远大于304不锈钢。280℃时,20#碳钢的腐蚀速率与环烷酸浓度呈线性增加关系。同条件下,304不锈钢的腐蚀速率存在明显的拐点,酸值浓度为5～10 mg KOH·g~(-1)时,其腐蚀速率呈高梯度的增加。碳钢的环烷酸腐蚀速率对流速的变化敏感,腐蚀梯度随介质流速增加而明显增大。304不锈钢的腐蚀速率较低,流速为3.40m·s~(-1)时,其腐蚀速率仅为0.0632mm·a~(-1)。     

酸性介质中苯甲醛缩苯胺对A3碳钢的缓蚀作用

采用失重法及电化学法研究了苯甲醛缩苯胺在不同浓度盐酸介质和温度中对A3碳钢的缓蚀行为。结果表明,该缓蚀剂对盐酸介质中的A3碳钢有明显的缓蚀作用;加入缓蚀剂后,腐蚀反应活化能由52.23 k J/mol升高到103.85 k J/mol,随着温度的升高这种缓蚀剂能在一定程度上抑制温度对腐蚀速率的影响。随着缓蚀剂浓度的提高,腐蚀速率显著降低,缓蚀率显著提高,但最终会随着缓蚀剂用量加大,腐蚀速率和缓蚀率趋于平缓。     

Q245R碳钢和15CrMo钢在水煤浆气化黑水中腐蚀规律研究

针对煤气化装置粗煤气处理单元黑水系统对金属材料的腐蚀问题,采用腐蚀失重法,系统研究了Q245R碳钢和15CrMo钢在不同工况下水煤浆气化黑水介质中的腐蚀规律和耐蚀性能。结果表明,Q245R碳钢和15CrMo钢在煤气化黑水中的耐蚀性较差,其腐蚀速率随温度的升高而升高,氯离子对腐蚀具有明显的促进作用;当介质温度低于250℃时,15CrMo钢的耐蚀性稍强于Q245R碳钢,当温度达到250℃及以上时,15CrMo钢的耐蚀性比Q245R碳钢差。结合扫描电镜和腐蚀产物的元素分析结果,推测煤气化黑水的腐蚀类型以硫化氢和二氧化碳腐蚀为主,腐蚀产物由大部分的FeSx和小部分的FeCO3组成,其腐蚀严重程度由硫化氢腐蚀控制。     

单脉冲恒电流极化技术测量金属腐蚀速率

描述了单脉冲但电流极化技术测量金属腐蚀速率的基本原理。研制了微机控制的单脉冲恒电流极化仪，并开发了软件系统。使用这套装置测定了碳钢在中性介质和添加缓蚀剂的中性介质中的腐蚀速率。测量结果和用其他方法所得结果相吻合。     

碳钢在含硫水溶液中的电化学行为

采用稳态极化曲线法研究了20#碳钢在硫化钠水溶液中的电化学行为。结果表明：随着硫化钠含量的增大，腐蚀速率先增大后降低，硫化钠质量分数为2％时腐蚀速率最大；当硫化钠质量分数大于1％时，碳钢电极表面经阳极极化可以生成钝化膜；随着添加的氨水浓度的增加，加剧了碳钢的腐蚀；SO42-的添加，碳钢在硫化钠水溶液中的腐蚀速率基本没影响；随着C1-浓度的增加，碳钢在硫化钠水溶液中的腐蚀速率增大；同时，C1-可以阻止碳钢电极表面钝化性能。     

曼尼希碱类缓蚀剂缓蚀性能及其影响因素

酸性介质中曼尼希碱缓蚀剂能够较好地抑制碳钢腐蚀,是典型的吸附型缓蚀剂。曼尼希碱型缓蚀剂与金属发生作用生成钝化膜,或者与介质中的离子发生反应生成沉淀膜,从而使金属的腐蚀速率减小。曼尼希碱型缓蚀剂对金属电极发生了阻滞作用,减小阴、阳极腐蚀反应速率。本文分析了曼尼希碱对碳钢的缓蚀作用行为,及与其他缓蚀剂的协同作用机制,初步探讨了缓蚀作用机理和缓蚀影响因素,为进一步探索和研发新型曼尼希碱海水缓蚀剂提供理论参考。     

原油储罐沉积水腐蚀的静态挂片实验研究

采用静态挂片实验方法,分析了Q235钢在不同氧浓度、不同储罐沉积水以及不同浓度Cl-、SO42-溶液中的腐蚀行为。研究结果表明,有氧环境下碳钢在沉积水中腐蚀速率要比无氧时要略微加快,高浓度离子和低pH值的沉积水加速碳钢腐蚀,碳钢在不同浓度Cl-和SO42-中的腐蚀速率差别不大,但腐蚀速率比在沉积水中快很多。     

铁细菌对聚驱采出体系管线钢腐蚀行为研究

采用电化学测试技术和表面分析技术,研究了无菌体系以及铁细菌（FB）下聚驱采出体系管线钢的腐蚀行为。结果表明,无菌体系下碳钢表面腐蚀程度较弱。随浸泡时间的增加,其腐蚀速率前期迅速增大,随后腐蚀速率降低,浸泡后期腐蚀速率缓慢增大。随浸泡时间的增加,FB体系下碳钢表面发生了局部腐蚀,碳钢的腐蚀速率呈增大、减小和增大的趋势。微生物在碳钢表面形成的生物膜抑制了碳钢电化学的阴极反应,促进了电化学的阳极反应。     

三种金属材料在生活污水中的耐腐蚀性能及缓蚀剂研究

本文研究了20号碳钢、镀锌钢、304不锈钢三种金属材料在模拟生活污水中的腐蚀情况。通过浸泡腐蚀实验,利用失重法得到三种金属材料在静态腐蚀介质中的腐蚀速率,分析出适合于生活污水系统的金属材料。同时,选择两种典型的常见缓蚀剂对于该环境下金属的缓蚀作用进行了研究,给出了在不更换腐蚀金属管道的情况下,应用缓蚀剂方法解决金属管道腐蚀问题的思路。     

电化学噪声研究碳钢在高温环烷酸中的腐蚀行为

以南帕斯凝析油混炼减二线油品为研究对象,通过添加一定比例环烷酸,考察酸值对20#碳钢在高温油品中的腐蚀影响;采用电化学噪声(EN)分析不同温度下碳钢在高温环烷酸中腐蚀状况。结果表明,20#碳钢受高温环烷酸的腐蚀速率随温度的升高呈现出先增大后减小的规律;随酸值的增大,碳钢的腐蚀速率一直增大。在环烷酸的酸值为10 mg KOH/g,流速为1 m/s时,碳钢在280℃时腐蚀速率最高。     

海水淡化水缓蚀剂的研究及应用

对比了7种缓蚀剂在低碱、低硬、高氯离子的海水淡化水中对碳钢、黄铜、不锈钢的缓蚀性能。结果表明:80 mg/L的TS-528G在海水淡化水中对碳钢、黄铜、不锈钢有良好的缓蚀效果,运行20 d碳钢的腐蚀率为0.027mm/a,黄铜的腐蚀率为0.002 2 mm/a,不锈钢的腐蚀率为0.002 5 mm/a。将TS-528G应用于天津大港某化工厂循环冷却水系统,运行7个月碳钢的腐蚀率<0.05 mm/a,黄铜、不锈钢的腐蚀率<0.004 mm/a。     

碳钢/钛合金复合材料在3%NaCl溶液中的电偶腐蚀研究

采用失重方法和电化学方法,研究碳钢/钛合金复合材料在3%NaC l溶液中的电偶腐蚀行为。结果表明,在碳钢/钛合金电偶腐蚀过程中,碳钢为阳极,钛合金为阴极,随着阴/阳面积比的增大,电偶电流增大,碳钢腐蚀速率变大,而电偶电位基本不变。     

AHF生产混合段腐蚀影响因素的研究

本文分别采用挂片失重法、线性极化法、极化曲线法研究了反应温度、物料配比、反应时间、萤石中所含杂质等因素对碳钢在萤石-硫酸体系中的腐蚀影响,结果表明：降低反应温度、控制杂质含量在一个较低水平都可以有效的降低碳钢的腐蚀速率;增加物料配比中硫酸的比例,会导致碳钢出现某种程度的钝化;碳钢在萤石-硫酸体系中的腐蚀存在着一个严重腐蚀阶段,在本文的实验条件下,该阶段为物料开始反应的前4分钟。     

碳钢表面化学沉积铜及其耐蚀性

利用浸渍法在碳钢表面获得铜化学沉积膜，实验表明，铜膜在3.5%NaCl溶液中具有很好的耐蚀性能。该铜转化膜成膜速度快，与碳钢表面结合良好，经过处理后，碳钢阳极过程得到明显的抑制，而对阴极过程的影响不大。     

Galvanic studies related to the use in desalination plant of corrosion-resistant materials

Galvanic currents and potentials have been measured for bimetallic couples involving carbon steel, three grades of stainless steel, 90 Cu/10 Ni and titanium when exposed to seawater in the laboratory at temperatures of 18C and 60C and varying oxygen content. The galvanic currents flowing between couples consisting of two of the corrosion-resistant materials were very small. The galvanic corrosion rate of carbon steel, when connected to one of the other materials, was dependent upon the cathodic-polarisation characteristics of the noble-material surface with indications that, at a given area ratio, the galvanic corrosion of carbon steel was greater when coupled to the 90 Cu/10 Ni alloy than when connected to stainless steel or titanium. The usual effects of increasing the anode/cathode area ratio were observed and data were obtained to demonstrate quantitatively the significant beneficial effect of coating the cathode in a bimetallic couple. Intermediate air exposures were not found to promote any large, long-term, effects on galvanic corrosion. There was evidence that galvanic corrosion rates were very small when the dissolved oxygen content was controlled at low levels and some interesting aspects of galvanic corrosion at the higher temperature were noted.     

Effects of sulfate-reducing bacteria on the corrosion behavior of carbon steel

The influences of the growing process of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) in seawater system on the medium state and corrosion behavior of carbon steel were studied by detecting solution state parameters and using corrosion electrochemical methods. The growing process of SRB in the seawater shows the three stages of growing, death and residual phases. The solution state parameters of the concentration of sulfide, the pH value and the redox potential changed during the three stages of the SRB growing process. And the corrosion rate of D36 carbon steel was accelerated during the growing phase and stable during the death and residual phases. The results indicate that the medium state and the corrosion rate of the steel do not depend on the number of active SRB, but depend on the accumulation of the metabolism products of SRB.     

Electrochemical investigations of naphthenic acid corrosion for carbon steel and the inhibitive effect by some ethoxylated fatty acids

The electrochemical behavior and corrosion of carbon steel in various types of naphthenic acid solutions have been studied by using cyclic voltammetry technique. The data reveal that the anodic excursion spans of carbon steel in naphthenic acid solution are characterized by the occurrence of a well-defined anodic peak (peak A), followed by a passive region. The passivation may be related to the formation and precipitation of oxide film on the electrode surface. The data reveal that increasing naphthenic acid concentration enhances the anodic peak current density (I_PA) and shifts its peak potential towards more positive values. The corrosion rate of carbon steel depended critically on the naphthenic acid types. The rate of the corrosion process increased with increasing in molar mass of naphthenic acid, reaching a maximum value in the presence of CHPA acid (C₉), and then decreased.

Potentiodynamic polarization measurements indicated that ethoxylated fatty acid derivatives have a strong effect on the corrosion behavior of the carbon steel in naphthenic acid solutions. The inhibition efficiency of these compounds was found to vary with their nature and concentration. The order of effectiveness of the inhibitors was OL(EO)₈₀ > OL(EO)₄₀ > OL(EO)_20. The adsorption of ethoxylated fatty acid on the carbon steel surface in naphthenic acid solutions was found to obey Frumkin isotherm and kinetic-thermodynamic model.     

再生水中低浓度磷酸盐对碳钢腐蚀影响研究

在模拟真实管网水力条件下,从腐蚀速率、铁释放速率、腐蚀产物形貌及成分等方面研究了低浓度磷酸盐对碳钢腐蚀的影响。研究发现,磷酸盐为0.8 mg/L时达到极值,腐蚀抑制效果最好,碳钢的腐蚀速率可降低15.66%。磷酸盐可抑制γ-Fe OOH的形成,同时形成磷铁矿,使腐蚀产物更加致密,从而抑制腐蚀。磷酸盐对铁释放存在初期加速作用,可能是磷酸盐促进铁元素向稳定铁氧化物转变,使腐蚀提前达到稳定状态的重要原因,最终抑制腐蚀。     

316L钢在含H_2S、Cl~-水溶液中的慢应变速率腐蚀试验研究

通过慢应变速率法 (SSRT)应力腐蚀试验 ,得到了 31 6L钢的应力腐蚀敏感性指数 ,回归出计算应力腐蚀敏感性指数的方程 ,表明水溶液中Cl- 对 31 6L钢的应力腐蚀影响较大 ,而H2 S的影响小。