An atypical case of arising of some parietal branches of the Arteria iliaca interna in man

In the pelvis of a 78 year old man there have been observed deviations in the origin and course os some parietal branches of the A. iliaca interna dextra. Apart from this typically arising and passing branches (the A. glutaea superior dextra, the A. glutaea inferior dextra, the A. umbilicalis dextra) an atypical stem--the Truncus pudendo-obturatorius--comes out of the A. iliaca interna dextra. This stem divides into the A. obturatoria dextra and the A. pudenda accessoria. The A. pudenda accessoria goes through the pelvis and through the fissure between Symphysis and the Diaphragma urogenitale on the Radix penis as the A. dorsalis penis dextra. The A. pudenda interna dextra comes out of the A. pudenda accessoria in a quite atypical way. It enters the fossa ischiorectalis through the fissure in the hind part of the Arcus tendineus m. levatoris ani ventrally from the Spina ischiadica. Its terminal part goes to the right Corpus cavernosum penis as the A. profunda penis dextra. The parietal branches of the A. iliaca interna sinistra arise and go in a typical way. The A. pudenda accessoria is not formed on the left side of the pelvis.     

Effect of the Initial State of a Steel 38KhN3MFA Billet on the Microstructure and the Mechanical Properties of Seamless Pipes

The effect of the initial structure of 38KhN3MFA steel on the mechanical properties of heattreated seamless pipes is studied. It is found that satisfactory macrostructure, strength, and plastic characteristics are insufficient to achieve the required set of service properties of the end product in the presence of a structural heterogeneity in tubular billets. A banded structure can cause a substantial scatter of the mechanical properties of the end product and a decrease in the impact toughness of the steel. It is shown that, in the presence of a banded structure, the required mechanical properties of the end product made of 38KhN3MFA steel can be achieved by correcting the final heat treatment conditions.     

控轧控冷工艺对X100管线钢组织和性能的影响

通过实验室φ350 mm 4辊轧机对V-Nb-Wi微合金化X100管线钢(%:0.057C、1.84Mn、0.25Mo)进行控轧控冷试验。结果表明,在1 100℃始轧,800～900℃终轧,100～400℃终冷温度下,X100钢的组织为针状铁素体+粒状贝氏体-下贝氏体。降低终轧温度可细化组织,提高钢的强度;降低终冷温度可提高钢的强度,但使钢的韧性降低。X100管线钢的最佳轧制工艺为终轧温度850℃,终冷温度200℃。     

Closed-Form Expression of the Response Time of an Open Channel

Computing accurately the response time of an open channel is of extreme importance for management operations on canal networks, such as feed-forward control problems. The methods proposed in the literature to approximate the response time do not always account for the influence of a cross structure at the downstream end of a canal pool, which may have a significant impact on the response time. This paper proposes a new approach to compute the response time, accounting explicitly for the backwater and the feedback effects due to the downstream cross structure. The method provides a distributed analytical expression of the response time as a function of the characteristics of the canal (geometry, roughness) and of the downstream cross structure. A test canal with a weir or a gate at the downstream end is used to compare the new method with some of the others. Results show that the proposed expression accurately reproduces the response time for various backwater and downstream boundary conditions.     

Compensation Control Model of Superheat and Cooling Water Temperature for Secondary Cooling of Continuous Casting

In this paper, a compensation control model of secondary cooling process of billet continuous casting for quality steel has been presented. The effects on the spray control of the various parameters such as steel superheat, casting speed, cooling water temperature and chemical component of steel were considered. The parameters of control model were determined to associate with the two‐dimensional heat transfer equation and solved by finite‐difference method. Effects of steel superheat and cooling water temperature on surface temperature, solidification structure and solidifying end point were discussed. Results indicate that steel superheat significantly affects solidification structure and solidifying end point but has a little effect on slab surface temperature. Moreover, secondary cooling water temperature affects surface temperature and solidifying end point but has a little effect on solidification structure. The surface temperature and solidifying end point can be maintain stabilized through applying the compensation control model when steel superheat and cooling water temperature vary. The models have been validated by industrial measurements. The results show that the simulations are in very good agreement with the real casting situation.     

Mechanisms of the self-propagating high-temperature synthesis, phase composition, and magnetic properties of complex oxide ferrimagnets with M structure

Mechanisms of the combustion of reagent mixtures that form complex oxide ferrimagnets (hexaferrites with M structure) are investigated. The phase composition of the end product is found, depending on technological conditions that include self-propagating high-temperature synthesis with preliminary mechanical activation and/or subsequent ferritization. The basic static and dynamic magnetic properties of an end product synthesized in the optimum mode are determined. An energy-saving technique for manufacturing hexaferrites with M structure, making it possible to lower production costs substantially, is proposed.     

Microsurgical reconstruction of traumatic defects on the lower extremities

Out of 167 free transfers 90 were applied to the lower extremities, i.e. 75 for injuries, 11 for an osteomyelitis and 4 for cancer. For these transfers were used the following 15 types of flaps; 37 from the forearm, 15 m. latissimus, 12 m. serratus ant. sup., 6 scapular, 4 fibula, 4 from the groin, 2 gracilis, 2 LAF, 1 TFL, 1 TRAM, 1 dorsalis pedis, 1 sartorius, 1 crista iliaca, 1 rectus abdominis, 1 combined latissimus+serratus. The transfer of flaps was satisfactory in 92%. The transfers to the lower extremity included in no case an emergency flap, in the acute phase within 7 days after injury were transferred 5 flaps. There were in addition 32 delayed and 38 secondary flaps. The report deals with important principles of the application of the above described transfers.     

Redesigning primary care processes to improve the offering of mammography. The use of clinic protocols by nonphysicians

We have isolated a genomic clone corresponding to a caffeic acid O-methyltransferase (COMT) from barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) using a cDNA for a previously described jasmonate-regulated mRNA showing homology to COMT. Primer extension was used to characterize the 5' end of the mRNA while the 3' end, intron/exon structure and other features of the sequence were deduced by comparison to the cDNA sequence and/or conserved motifs. The gene is mapped to chromosome five and is absent in the barley cultivar Morex. Southern and northern analyses suggest that no differences in genomic structure and jasmonate inducibility exist between the barley cultivar Salome (source of the cDNA clone) and Igri (source of the genomic clone). This genomic clone is thus suitable for promoter studies with respect to jasmonate induction.     

粉末冶金汽车同步器齿毂整形模具设计探讨

粉末冶金零件在汽车上的使用越来越广泛。由于同步器齿毂的尺寸精度、形状精度等各项技术要求非常高,在生产中毛坯的成形与整形成了最关键的工序。有一类齿毂滑块槽一端不通,外齿轮盘特别薄,轮辐部分两边深度不同,轮毂部分两端大小不同。整形时需要减少新的变形,不好控制。通过改进模具结构,采用上二下二模架压机结构,将整形芯杆安装在上中心缸上;退模时芯杆用上端面支撑,上端面面积增大,可以避免齿形变形,完成整形工序。该模具结构适宜大批量生产,具有很好的实用价值。     

桥式起重机大梁与端梁开裂分析及处理

桥式起重机是大质量物品的重要运输工具,在实际工业生产中的有着广泛的应用,在多种因素的影响下桥式起重机大梁与端梁时常有开裂的情况发生。桥式起重机大梁和端梁的主要结构形式是焊接结构,开裂最容易出现在焊接部位。在本次研究中以某冶炼厂现役桥式起重机为调查对象,采用测量法和现场调查法结合有限元方法对桥式起重机频繁出现的裂缝进行研究,对桥式起重机的大梁和端梁结构进行了应力测试,并结合实际开裂情况,从材料、制作工艺、焊缝布置、大梁和端梁疲劳受力状况等原因进行了分析,找出了导致焊缝开裂的原因,同时探讨了焊缝的修补方法和对大梁与端梁的加固措施,并经实践论证,此处理方法有效地延长了桥式起重机的寿命,有效减少了安全隐患。     

汽车活塞杆用45钢魏氏组织预防措施以及工艺优化

魏氏组织为亚共析钢钢中容易产生的有害组织,汽车活塞杆用45钢要求不得有魏氏组织,正常工艺(坯1120～1200℃均热,终轧950℃)生产的45钢存在0.5 ～1.0级的魏氏组织;通过将钢中Al含量由原0.013％提高至0.038％、坯均热温度降至1070～1100℃、终轧温度降至800℃,魏氏组织级别由0.5 ～1.0...     

Genetic analysis of the rat leukemia virus: influence of viral sequences in transduction of the c-ras proto-oncogene and expression of its transforming activity

The rat leukemia virus (RaLV) is an endogenous retrovirus that is spontaneously released by Sprague-Dawley rat embryo cells. The overall structure of the RaLV genome resembles that of other simple, replication-competent retroviruses, but the sequence of the long terminal repeats (LTR) is unique and unrelated to the known retroviruses. Phylogenetically, the RaLV genome appears to be more closely related to the feline leukemia virus group of retroviruses than to the murine leukemia virus group. A remarkable feature of RaLV is that it is capable of transducing a ras proto-oncogene from rat tumor cells in the form of an acutely transforming virus, designated the Rasheed strain of the rat sarcoma virus (RaSV). With the exception of the c-ras sequence, the genomes of both RaLV and RaSV are collinear. The RaSV-encoded oncogene v-Ra-ras expresses a fusion protein with a molecular mass of 29 kDa, and it exhibits a unique structure that has not been described previously for any known virus. The 5' end of this gene is derived from sequences encoding RaLV matrix followed by 20 bp derived from the U5 region of the RaLV LTR (RS-U5 element) which is joined at its 3' end to sequences derived from all six (coding and noncoding) exons of the c-ras proto-oncogene at the 3' end. This recombinational event represents a novel mechanism among the acutely transforming viruses that have been studied.     

Expression of the adhesion molecules ICAM, VCAM, and ELAM in the arteriosclerotic plaque

Subject of investigation was the demonstration of the different expression of ICAM-1, and VCAM in 13 complete cross sections of the Aorta abdominalis and the Arteria iliaca immediately available post operationem during the process of arteriosclerosis. With increasing severity of the arteriosclerosis, ELAM showed a decreasing expression of the endothelium of the main vessel and a moderate one of the cells in the adventitia. On the endothelium of the main vessel and the vasa vasorum, we detected ELAM-1, showing a decreasing tendency when the arteriosclerosis was aggravating. In case of severe arteriosclerosis, a focal expression was also found on cells in the intima and media. In the adventitia, the expression was relatively constant during the process of arteriosclerosis. The more serious the disease, the more provable was VCAM on endothelial cells. In cases of severe arteriosclerosis, we also detected a focal staining in deeper layers of the wall. This study supports the concept of the active role of endothelial cells in the recruitment of leucocytes during the early steps of the arteriosclerotic process. In this process, with the disease aggravating, the endothelium seems to be less significant than the smooth muscle cells, which obviously play an important role in the course of arteriosclerosis.     

大型隔膜泵十字头螺母强度分析及结构改进

十字头螺母是大型隔膜泵系统中动力端曲柄连杆机构的关键部件,也是动力端的易损部件之一.在隔膜泵的现场实际运行过程中,因应力集中而引起十字头螺母断裂的情况时有发生.因此,需要对原有十字头螺母的结构进行改进使其降低应力集中以达到延长使用寿命的目的.本文以SGMB300/4C型隔膜泵十字头螺母为例,采用有限元软件ANSYS对其进行静强度校核分析并提出结构修改方案.通过几种不同结构十字头螺母静强度分析结论的对比,从而确定最佳的改进结构.所得结论对十字头螺母及相关产品的设计与研发具有一定的理论指导意义.     

The organisation of the lamina ganglionaris of the crabs Scylla serrata and Leptograpsus variegatus

The gross structure and neuronal elements of the first optic ganglion of two crabs, Scylla serrata and Leptograpsus variegatus, are described on the basis of Golgi (selective silver) and reduced silver preparations. Of the eight retinula cells of each ommatidium, seven end within the lamina, while the eighth cell sends a long fibre to the external medulla. Five types on monopolar neurons are described, three types of large tangential fibres, and one fibre which may be centrifugal. The marked stratification of the lamina is produced by several features. The main synaptic region, the plexiform layer, is divided by a band of tangential fibres; the short retinula fibres end at two levels in the plexiform layer; and two types of monopolar cells have arboriasations confined to the distal or proximal parts of the plexiform layer. The information presently available concerning the retina-lamina projection in Crustacea is examined. Some of the implications of retina and lamina structure are discussed in conjunction with what is known about their electrophysiology.     

end5, end6, and end7: mutations that cause actin delocalization and block the internalization step of endocytosis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Four mutants defective in endocytosis were isolated by screening a collection of temperature-sensitive yeast mutants. Three mutations define new END genes: end5-1, end6-1, and end7-1. The fourth mutation is in END4, a gene identified previously. The end5-1, end6-1, and end7-1 mutations do not affect vacuolar protein localization, indicating that the defect in each mutant is specific for internalization at the plasma membrane. Interestingly, localization of actin patches on the plasma membrane is affected in each of the mutants. end5-1, end6-1, and end7-1 are allelic to VRP1, RVS161, and ACT1, respectively. VRP1 and RVS161 are required for correct actin localization and ACT1 encodes actin. To our surprise, the end6-1 mutation fails to complement the act1-1 mutation. Disruption of the RVS167 gene, which is homologous to END6/RVS161 and which is also required for correct actin localization, also blocks endocytosis. The end7-1 mutant allele has a glycine 48 to aspartic acid substitution in the DNase I-binding loop of actin. We propose that Vrp1p, Rvs161p, and Rvs167p are components of a cytoskeletal structure that contains actin and fimbrin and that is required for formation of endocytic vesicles at the plasma membrane.     

Accumulative Sliding Construction Method for Large-Span Latticed Shells

This note proposes an efficient and cost-effective construction method for longitudinally supported large span latticed shell structures, commonly used for storages of existing stockpiles such as coal, stones, etc. The method divides a latticed shell into several segments, each of them is constructed sequentially. First, one segment-width scaffold is built at the assembling end of the structure. Then one segment of the structure is assembled on the scaffold. Once completed, the segmented structure is slid toward the other end of the structure to allow the scaffold to be available for assembling another segment. By repeating the above procedure, the entire segmented structure will form the resulting lattice shells. In the note, this construction method applied to two long span shell structures is discussed in detail. Structural analyses for each of the two accumulative sliding constructions have been examined before the construction, together with some suggestions for future similar applications using the method. From this note, researchers may transform the mobile construction method to explore other construction methods and practitioners of this technology can apply this method more safely and properly.     

蝶阀轴端密封的研究

介绍了蝶阀类产品双组多层次轴端密封的结构及密封原理,以及应用该结构的注意事项.该结构在蝶阀设计中得到了广泛应用,并获得了国家实用新型专利(专利号:ZL 201120003939.5).