医用床头板挤出吹塑成型工艺参数优化

为改善复杂非轴对称挤出吹塑制品的壁厚均匀性,以医用床头板为例,基于Polyflow软件模拟了医用床头板的非等温吹胀过程,并用目标函数评估最终制品的壁厚均匀性。根据正交实验分析了吹胀压力、吹胀时间、型坯初始温度及型坯初始壁厚4个成型工艺参数对制品壁厚均匀性的影响,得到最佳工艺参数组合为A3B3C1D1,即吹胀压力0. 7 MPa、吹胀时间5 s、型坯初始温度180℃、型坯初始壁厚3 mm,最后对最佳工艺参数组合进行了模拟验证。结果表明,优化后的工艺参数可使最终医用床头板的壁厚更加均匀,为在实际生产过程中复杂非轴对称挤吹制品的成型工艺参数改进提供有效指导,提高生产效率。     

基于响应面法PE吹塑用汽油瓶工艺参数优化分析

为改善塑料制件壁厚不均造成的产品成型质量问题,以PE汽油瓶为研究对象,通过Polyflow软件模拟了其吹塑过程,研究了吹胀压力、型坯初始温度以及型坯初始壁厚对汽油瓶制件壁厚均匀性的影响,并且以最终制件壁厚均匀性为评判标准,建立二次多项式响应面模型,将响应面模型与有限元法相结合来优化汽油瓶吹塑成型工艺参数。实验表明:优化后的工艺参数吹胀压力为0.29 MPa,型坯初始温度为189℃,型坯初始壁厚为0.004 m时,该条件下制品壁厚均匀性较好,通过该法可以为后续吹塑制品成型提供一定的理论指导。     

吹塑成型CAE技术研究与应用现状分析

吹塑成型是成型中空塑料制品的主要成型方法,其成型过程包括型坯成型、型坯吹胀和制品的冷却固化三个阶段。中空制品的吹型成型质量受各种工艺因素的影响,包括熔融温度、吹胀压力、拉仲速率、冷却时间、聚合物材料柱能等。吹塑成型数值模拟可预测制品的壁厚均匀性,残余应力和收缩状况等,指导吹塑成型模具的优化设计,并通过优化工艺参数获得最佳性能的吹塑制品。本文对吹塑成型CAE技术的发展状况进行了详细研究,并对其应用现状作了简单分析。     

挤出吹塑中型坯成型的神经网络模型的选取

型坯成型是挤出吹塑中的一个重要阶段,人工神经网络是一门新兴交叉科学.本文用几种不同的神经网络模型预测了挤出吹塑中型坯成型时的直径膨胀率,选取其中精度和效率均较高的模型,以用于下一步用神经网络来预测型坯成型时的壁厚膨胀率和最终制品的壁厚分布.     

太阳能热水系统中水箱内胆保温结构的性能优化研究

以太阳能内胆为研究对象,通过Ansys Workbench软件对其吹塑成型过程进行模拟仿真,对制件的壁厚分布进行研究。通过建立响应面模型,以吹胀压力、型坯初始温度以及型坯初始壁厚为设计变量,以制件最终的壁厚均匀性函数值为响应目标,获得较佳的成型工艺参数组合。结果表明:当吹胀压力0.461 MPa,型坯初始温度213.169℃,型坯初始壁厚0.003 m,该成型工艺条件下制件的成型质量最好,壁厚均匀性函数值最小值为0.384×10~(-5)mm~2,较未优化前降低了0.024×10~(-5)mm~2,相对偏差为3.13%。通过响应面法能够有效地改善太阳能水箱内胆的保温性能。     

挤出吹塑中空成型工艺参数的多目标优化

以挤出吹塑中空制品品质（制品壁厚分布、制品质量）和生产效率为最终的优化目标，成型工艺参数为设计变量，基于混合人工神经网络和遗传算法建立了挤出吹塑中空成型工艺参数的多目标优化系统。此方法不仅可确定满足实际生产需要的初始成型工艺参数，减少用于确定初始成型工艺参数的时间，而且为挤出吹塑中空成型的工艺参数的确定提供了理论依据，为挤出吹塑中空成型生产的全自动化的实现奠定了基础。     

塑料挤出吹塑的机理问题

采用不同的方法对挤出吹塑过程的型坯成型、型坯吹胀与制品冷却三阶段的机理问题进行了研究.采用人工神经网络方法预测了受模口温度和挤出流率影响的型坯成型阶段的膨胀.利用建立起来的神经网络模型预示的膨胀与实验结果很吻合,且可在一定范围内,预示不同工艺条件下型坯的直径膨胀和壁厚膨胀,为型坯的直径和壁厚的在线控制提供了理论依据.基于薄膜近似和neo-Hookean本构关系,建立了描述型坯自由吹胀的数学模型,并通过实验方法获得了型坯吹胀的瞬态图象.     

异形包装件热成型仿真及工艺参数优化

通过数值模拟技术,仿真粽子新型包装热成型工艺过程中,不同成型方法的壁厚分布情况;仿真不同形状拉伸头以及预拉伸深度对壁厚分布的影响,得出使壁厚分布更加均匀的最佳拉伸头形状以及预拉伸深度,以优化工艺参数。利用Solidworks软件建立有限元模型,通过ANSYS Ployflow软件仿真新型粽子包装热成型过程。得到真空热成型时,不同时刻下薄膜壁厚分布情况;不同拉伸头形状以及不同预拉伸深度下的最薄壁厚值。通过有限元仿真模拟得到了新型粽子包装制品的最佳热成型工艺,即:预拉伸热成型方法,并使用与模具一致的棕形拉伸头,预拉伸深度为5.5 mm。     

基于吹胀压力参数优化中空工业制件壁厚均匀性的研究

挤出吹塑成型中,制件壁厚均匀性是评价制品质量的一个重要指标.吹胀压力的大小、作用时间和位置对中空制件的成型有较大影响.通过正交实验,在挤出吹塑形状复杂的中空工业制件的成型中,用制件壁厚方差来分析确定吹胀压力的最佳工艺参数,达到优化挤出吹塑中空工业制件壁厚均匀性的目的.     

吨包装内胆挤出吹塑成型型坯吹胀的数值模拟

针对吨包装内胆挤出吹塑型坯吹胀阶段的成型工艺,采用Workbench-Polyflow分析软件实现型坯吹胀模拟。建立型坯及模具的几何模型和网格模型;利用Polyflow中的参数渐进方法建立型坯吹胀阶段中的模具闭合运动模型。获得型坯在吹胀过程中的型坯轮廓曲线分布以及吹胀完毕后的型坯壁厚分布;分析了模具运动速度和吹胀压力对型坯与模具的接触时间、吹胀时间及壁厚的影响。     

Variation of Part Wall Thicknesses to Reduce Warpage of Injection-Molded Part: Robust Design Against Process Variability

This article introduces a concept for deliberately varying the wall thicknesses of an injection-molded part within prescribed dimensional tolerance to reduce part warpage. The “warpage” described is measured from warpage simulation so as to represent various deformation behaviors of the molded part. Considering the variation in molding process as noise factors, a wall thickness model that minimizes the effect of these noises on warpage characteristics is obtained using the Taguchi method. The warpage characteristics of this model are compared with those of the constant-wall-thickness models that comply the general rule of an uniform wall thickness in part design. Each wall thickness model is then simulated for plausibly small process fluctuations against the best process conditions of each model that would occur in the actual molding operation. It is seen that varying wall thicknesses obtained by the present study exhibits better warpage characteristics in terms of warpage mean and variance against this mean, compared to the constant wall thicknesses.     

水辅助注塑大直径介质导管制品的冷却分析

采用数学分析方法，通过假设、简化分析模型，用数学模型来表述物理模型，确定了水辅助注塑(VAIM)大直径介质导臂制品的冷却时间，并运用算例和国外试验的结果进行验证。结果发现：水辅助注射成型新工艺可以更加显著地缩短注塑周期，降低制件壁厚，允许制件有更大的实际直径。因此，VAIM技术可用来高效率地生产大直径、高质量、薄壁的介质导臂。     

Optimization of blow molded part performance through process simulation

In this work, a gradient‐based numerical optimization scheme is proposed to determine the optimal process operating conditions to produce a blow molded part by with a given performance. Finite element simulations are used to relate the part performance to the processing conditions. A performance optimization is first performed to find the minimum part thickness distribution that minimizes the part weight while satisfying mechanical performance constraints such as maximum part deflection or maximum stress for an applied load. Then a process optimization finds the optimal operating conditions, e.g. the die gap opening profile, that minimize the part weight while respecting the minimum thickness distribution dictated by the performance optimization. The results show that the optimization scheme minimizes the part weight with minimal constraint violation. The addition of a constraint associated with process stability is proposed.     

Influence of processing on quality of injection-compression-molded disks

A modified injection molding machine with a compression mechanism, and a mold with a movable wall and shut-off mechanism, were used to investigate the effects of processing parameters on the quality of injection-compression-molded polystyrene disks. The compression start-up time, compression force, melt temperature, and part thickness were selected processing parameters. The disk moldings were evaluated based on dimensional accuracy and birefringence. It is found that the compression start-up time affects packing time, and thus greatly affects the residual orientation. If the transition from packing to compression could start before peak cavity pressure, disks with low residual orientation could be obtained. High compression force improves part quality and reduces thickness. Since both compression-induced reduction and cooling-induced shrinkage are involved, the effects of temperature and thickness are not as straightforward as the trends in conventional injection molding.     

粉末注射成型新技术

通过代替传统的生产工艺，粉末注射成型的应用范围得到大大的提高，近年来，已能生产重量最大为300g，壁厚较大的复杂金属制件。     

Characteristics of mould separation and its effects on qualities of thin wall injection moulded parts

Abstract

Precision injection moulding of thin walled parts has become an important concern in the computer, communication, and consumer electronics plastics industry. Previous studies in precision injection moulding control focus on the injection screw and the associated operations. In the present study, the influence of relevant parameters including injection speed, melt temperature, mould temperature, filling-packing switchover, and packing pressure on the mould plate separation under different clamping pressure were investigated as part of precision moulding control. A two cavity tensile test specimen mould equipped with four linear variable displacement transducers across the parting surfaces of the mould was used. A computer based monitoring system was built to detect the mould separation signals. Mould separation can also be identified from part weight and thickness variation and exhibits relevant correspondence with them. It was found that owing to the high injection speed required for thin wall moulding, mould separation is not negligible. In all situations, mould separation decreases with increasing clamping pressure. As melttemperature andmouldtemperatureincrease,mouldseparationincreases, resulting in an increase in part weight and thickness. Similarly, when packing pressure and injection speed increase, mould separation also increases. Earlier switchover from filling to packing can decrease mould separation as well as part weight and thickness. Among all the parameters studied, packing pressure exhibits the greatest influence on mould separation and on the associated weight and thickness change. This influence also becomes larger when the moulded part becomes thinner, owing to the larger injection moulding pressure. PRC/1746     

Graphene coating assisted injection molding of ultra‐thin thermoplastics

High strength light weight parts are critical for the development of new technologies, particularly electronic devices, such as laptop computers, smart phones, and tablet devices. Injection molded plastics and composites are excellent choices for mass producing such parts. As the part thickness decreases from traditional injection molding (>2 mm thickness) to thin wall molding (～1 mm thickness), and lastly, to ultra‐thin wall molding (<0.5 mm thickness), avoiding incomplete filling (short shots) becomes more challenging. Even though, methods exist today for molding thin‐wall plastic parts (i.e., fast heating/fast cooling injection molding), they require multiple steps resulting in a noncost efficient process. In this article, we demonstrate the technical feasibility of using graphene coating to facilitate flow, by promoting slip at the mold walls. We evaluate the influence of coated and uncoated mold inserts on fiber orientation. We present experimental results using un‐reinforced polypropylene and a 40% by weight carbon fiber reinforced polycarbonate/acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 55:1374–1381, 2015. © 2015 Society of Plastics Engineers     

Optimization of Part Wall Thicknesses to Reduce Warpage of Injection-Molded Parts Based on The Modified Complex Method

The objective of this work is to minimize warpage of injection-molded parts by deliberately varying each part wall thickness within prescribed dimensional tolerance. The continuous design space of wall thicknesses is explored in search of the optimum wall thickness for given process conditions. The objective function to be minimized is the numeric warpage value, which requires extensive computational time. Once the wall thicknesses are optimized, the warpage is reduced further by optimizing the six significant process variables: injection time, postfill (cooling plus packing) time, packing time, packing pressure, melt temperature, and coolant temperature. As a solution methodology, the modified complex method has been developed and applied in two example parts, where a reduction in warpage of over 70% has been obtained with a moderate number of function evaluations.     

Prediction of optimal preform thickness distribution in blow molding

A finite element optimization method is presented that determines the optimal thickness profile of a preform for a blow-molded part having the required wall thickness distribution. The optimization method is based on a method of feasible directions and the design variables are thicknesses of finite elements. The step size is determined by using a Brent 1-dimensional minimization method. Two methods for determining feasible directions are compared. A finite element model is formulated based on the thin membrane approximation, which relates the preform wall thickness distribution to the wall thickness distribution in the blow-molded part. Triangular or conical frustra elements are used to describe deformed shapes of the preform for 2-dimensional axisymmetric deformations. An incompressible nonlinear elastic constitutive model describes the material response. The accuracy of the finite element model used is evaluated by comparing the model predictions to published experimental data and computer simulations.     

管壁厚度对微挤出成型的影响分析

基于Bird-Carreau黏度模型,运用有限元方法对三维等温微管挤出成型流动模型进行了数值分析,主要研究了管壁厚度对微管挤出成型过程中挤出胀大、速度分布、剪切速率和口模压降等重要指标的影响。结果表明,当熔体入口体积流率相等时,随着管壁厚度的增大,挤出物挤出胀大率和横截面尺寸变化量增大;口模出口端面上熔体的二次流动增强,但挤出速度和剪切速率减小;熔体在口模内的压力降明显下降;适当增加管壁厚度,有利于提高微管挤出质量。