移动WiMAX系统AMC研究

在WiMAX系统中,自适应调制编码(AMC)是取得高性能的关键技术之一,而信道估计误差是影响AMC的重要因素.OFDMA子载波的分配方案:分布式子载波排列和相邻子载波排列,对无线信道的时变特性带来的信道估计误差有着不同的效果.本文从理论上分析了无线信道的时变特性以及在时变信道下,WiMAX系统中两种子载波分配方案的不同的AMC性能,并通过仿真验证WiMAX中AMC的效果.     

LTE-Advanced中ePDCCH信道的资源映射

随着LTE-Advanced系统中,信道在容量和其他性能上的大幅度提高,控制信道技术成为决定数据信道性能好坏的关键因素。通过研究ePDCCH的资源结构,对ePDCCH的传输方式等重要特征进行了分析,并针对控制信道的资源分配问题,对集中式和分布式两种传输类型分别提出了增强型资源粒子组(EREG)到增强型控制粒子(ECCE)的资源映射方式。最后,根据对实际映射关系图的分析和性能评估,验证了所设计的映射方案的合理性和可行性。     

认知网络中基于中继的频谱资源分配

根据无线认知中继网络上、下行链路子载波的信道特性,研究认知网络的频谱资源分配,提出一种上、下行链路子载波联合优化的分配算法。该算法根据子信道增益差值因子的大小分配下行链路子载波,以源节点和中继节点功率最小化为优化目标配对上行链路子载波,以用户的实时需求分配子载波的比特和功率,有效降低了系统的发射功率,提高了系统吞吐量。仿真结果表明,与启发—集中式和分布式辅助反馈传输功率分配算法比较,该联合优化算法的单位比特功耗降低了1.5~3 dBμW,误比特率性能提高了1个数量级左右。     

不完整CSI下OFDMA无线中继系统资源分配算法研究

针对实际OFDMA系统中下行无线链路信道状态信息(CSI)不完善的前提下,提出一种满足不同用户QoS需求的资源分配算法。在该方案中,首先确定用户与中继站之间的CSI,然后在总功率约束条件下,通过在等功率分配降低算法复杂度的基础上进行最佳中继选择和子载波的分配,最后再对子载波进行注水的功率分配来进一步提高系统容量。仿真结果表明,该方案在保证用户QoS的同时进一步提高系统容量。     

基于部分信道信息的自适应资源分配

在保证一定吞吐量前提下,为了降低传输功率,文中提出了一种基于部分信道反馈信息的多用户OFDM系统子载波分配方案。该方案利用少量已反馈子载波的状态信息来线性推导未反馈子载波的信道增益。仿真结果表明,在平坦瑞利信道衰落中,相比传统方式该方案在不增加反馈开销的前提下该方案能够大幅度地改善系统的性能,提高资源利用率。     

无线网状网中基于信道预留的多信道媒体接入控制方案

目前多信道无线Mesh网络WMN(Wireless Mesh Network)的MAC(Medium Access Contro)l仍然存在信道利用率低的问题,因此提出了具有控制信道和数据信道的多信道WMN的MAC方案。方案采用数据信道预留机制来提高系统的吞吐量,并降低接入时延。该方案通过减小控制信道上的碰撞概率可以有效降低系统接入时延并提高控制信道的利用率。理论分析和性能估计表明此方案具有高的吞吐量和低的接入时延,性能明显优于现有的公共信道控制方案CCC(Common Control Channel)。     

多用户MIMO-OFDM系统低速率CSI反馈方法及信道容量分析

该文针对闭环多用户MIMO-OFDM系统提出一种基于线性预测的低速率CSI (Channel State Information)反馈方法。根据相关带宽将OFDM子载波划分成多个子带,移动台对每个子带的CSI作线性预测,并对预测误差进行量化编码后反馈给基站;基站使用相同的线性预测滤波器将反馈来的预测误差恢复成CSI,然后在每个子带上通过迫零-波束赋形实现多用户空间复用。同时,该文还在采用注水定理分配发射功率的条件下,从理论上分析了下行链路信道容量。数值仿真结果显示,每个反馈数据的实部或虚部仅用1bit量化时,本方法仍能够以较高的精度恢复CSI。与目前3GPP LTE标准所采用的基于码书的反馈方案相比,该方法能够在反馈开销相同情况下,有效地抑制同信道干扰,大幅提高系统容量。     

基于TD- LTE系统的新型SNR和CQI映射方案

为了在链路自适应、混合自动重传、快速调度过程中最大程度地满足长期演进(LTE)系统的性能和吞吐量,提出了一种新型的信噪比(SNR)和信道质量指示(CQI)映射方案.这种新的方案通过系统链路级仿真得到信噪比和误块率之间的仿真曲线,然后通过区域拟合的方式得到SNR和CQI之间的关系.和传统的映射方案相比,它不仅易于实现和存...     

一种低复杂度基于公平性的MIMO-OFDMA资源分配方案

该文针对MIMO-OFDMA下行链路系统,考虑在总功率和BER 以及用户数据速率成比例的约束下,以获取整个系统吞吐量极大化为准则,提出一种基于成比例公平性约束的资源分配方案。新的方案基于MIMO信道状态信息,利用特征子信道来确定子载波和功率分配,充分利用了空间域,频域以及多用户分集提高系统的频谱效率。在子载波分配时,松弛成比例约束条件,使用户数据速率近似地成比例于每个用户分配的子载波数,推导出一种线性的不需要迭代的低复杂度的功率分配方案。仿真和分析表明,整个方案在保证系统吞吐量的前提下,取得了用户间良好的速率公平性,同时又具有较低的计算复杂度。     

LTE-A上行链路子载波分配及PAPR性能的研究

LTE-A系统已经成为4G最具有竞争力的候选方案。LTE-A系统中多址技术上行采用具有单载波特性的DFT-S-OFDM（包括集中式资源分配和分布式资源分配,是单载波频分多址接入方式（SC-FDMA）的频域实现形式）和OFDMA的混合技术,下行采用OFDMA技术。文章着重研究了DFT-S-OFDM的子载波分配方式,进行理论分析推导,仿真出在不同调制方式下,SC-FDMA系统和OFDMA系统的PAPR（Peak-to-AveragePowerRatio）性能,分析得出OFDMA系统较SC-FDMA系统有大的PAPR值,且随着带宽的增大而增大;SC-FDMA系统的PA-PR不但与带宽有关,而且与调制方式和子载波映射方式有关。带宽越宽,PAPR越大;QPSK调制PAPR最小;集中式映射的PAPR比分布式映射的PAPR大。     

An Efficient CSI Feedback Scheme for MIMO-OFDM Wireless Systems

For antenna-array-based multiple-input multiple- output orthogonal-frequency-division-multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) wireless systems, gain in channel throughput reduced through sufficient feedback of the channel state information (CSI) is significant, particularly when the number of transmit antennas is larger than the number of receive antennas. In this letter, we demonstrate that, in such scenarios, (1) the CSI of each OFDM sub-carrier can be parameterized into a short bit stream by a proposed low-complexity QR decomposition on the corresponding MIMO channel matrix, (2) the overall CSI can be reliably represented by a proposed parameter interpolation on the above bit streams of only a fraction of sub-carriers, and (3) a MIMO-OFDM system with a low-rate CSI feedback parameterized above can provide a channel throughput comparable to the channel capacity.     

空间相关莱斯衰落信道下基于部分信道信息的多用户预编码与调度算法

在空间相关的莱斯衰落信道模型下,针对多用户MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)系统潜在的多用户分集增益和空间分集增益,该文提出了一种基于部分信道信息的多用户预编码与调度算法。结合部分瞬时信道信息和统计信息,利用约束最大似然估计对各用户信道矢量进行估计,然后利用估计的各用户信道调度多个用户进行预编码。仿真结果表明,该方案以较少的反馈开销,获得了较大的性能增益。     

Subcarrier Wise Scheduling Methods for Multi-antenna and Multi-carrier Systems

In this paper, multiuser scheduling algorithms are evaluated for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) networks. These scheduling schemes allocate M [number of transmit antennas at base station (BS)] number of independent data streams from BS to the M most favourable users experiencing the highest signal-to-interference-plus-noise-ratio (SINR). Here, SINR is used to convey the channel state information (CSI) to the BS. We have investigated the system throughput and feedback overhead attained by these scheduling schemes for different scenarios as: (a) the maximum CSI is sent to the BS by every user and (b) the maximum CSI sent to the BS corresponding to every BS antenna. The overall feedback overhead incurred by MIMO-OFDM system increases linearly with number of users, number of subcarriers and number of transmit antennas. Hence, to reduce the feedback overhead, a scheme is proposed where users with SINR values greater than or equal to a predefined threshold value are only allowed to feedback the channel state information to BS. The relation between system throughput and various thresholds is also studied. The achievable system throughput results are validated by comparing the probability density function of achieved SINR values by different scheduling schemes.

     

基于泊松点过程分布的多蜂窝协作系统中干扰对齐技术研究

在多蜂窝MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)协作通信系统中,该文研究了基站站点服从泊松点过程(PPP)分布时,协作基站(BSs)和用户对采用干扰对齐技术的中断概率和网络吞吐量性能,推导了完全信道状态信息(CSI)和部分CSI两种情况下的上述性能的解析表达式,并分析了系统性能与协作参数的单调关系。仿真分析发现:在完全CSI情况下,网络吞吐量随着基站密度、协作基站数、天线数的增加而增加;在部分CSI情况下,由于综合考虑了信道训练和有限反馈带来的资源开销以及量化CSI引入的信道失真,存在一个使网络吞吐量最大的最优协作基站数,当天线数较少或用户移动速度较小时,应有较多的基站参与协作,当天线数较多或用户移动速度较大时,应适当减少协作基站数。     

Joint user pairing and power allocation in uplink virtual MIMO with imperfect CSI

User pairing strategy for virtual multi-input multi-output （VMIMO） has been widely studied to improve system throughput, but most studies are based on perfect channel state information （CSI） and uniform power allocation. However, perfect CSI is very difficult or even impossible to obtain in practical system. Moreover power allocation has significant impact on algorithm performance. Therefore, in this paper, a low-complex joint user pairing and power allocation algorithm based on aggressive discrete stochastic optimization and Lagrangian dual solution is proposed for uplink VMIMO with imperfect CSI. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can achieve desirable throughput performance, and restrict inter-user interference （IUI） efficiently.     

On Opportunistic Power Control for Alamouti and SM MIMO Systems

Transmit antenna diversity and single user spatial multiplexing have become attractive in practical systems, because they achieve performance gains without requiring sophisticated channel state information (CSI) feedback mechanisms. On the other hand, when fast and accurate CSI at the transmitter is available, opportunistic power control (OPC) is an attractive alternative to signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio (SINR) target following approaches, because it maximizes throughput by taking advantage of fast channel variations. In this paper we examine the question whether OPC is worth the pain of obtaining fast CSI by evaluating the gains of OPC for the downlink of a system employing multiple input multiple output (MIMO) systems with Alamouti and open loop spatial multiplexing (SM). We formulate the OPC problem as a throughput maximization task subject to power budget and fairness constraints. We solve this task by the Augmented Lagrangian Penalty Function and find that without fairness constraints, OPC in concert with SM provides superior throughput. With increasingly tight fairness constraints, Alamouti along with equal power allocation becomes a viable alternative to the SM OPC scheme. Both from fairness and throughput perspectives, Alamouti along with OPC is particularly efficient when adaptive MCS is employed and users with large differences in channel qualities have to share the total transmit power.     

Throughput maximization over slowly fading channels using quantized and erroneous feedback

We design a conceptual transmission scheme that adjusts rate and power of data codewords to send them over a slowly fading channel, when quantized and possibly erroneous channel state information (CSI) is available at the transmitter. The goal is to maximize the data throughput or the expected data rate using a multi-layer superposition coding technique and temporal power control at the transmitter. The main challenge here is to design a CSI quantizer structure for a noisy feedback link. This structure resembles conventional joint source and channel coding schemes, however, with a newly introduced quasi-gray bit-mapping. Our results show that with proper CSI quantizer design, even erroneous feedback can provide performance gains. Also, with an unreliable feedback link, superposition coding provides significant gains when feedback channel is poorly conditioned and channel uncertainty at the transmitter is severe, whereas power control is more effective with more reliable feedback.     

Performance analysis of HARQ protocols with link adaptation on fading channels

This work considers hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ) protocols on a fading channel with Chase combining and deals with both Rayleigh and Nakagami-m fading. We derive the packet loss probability and the throughput for HARQ both for a slow-varying and a fast-varying channel. We then consider link adaptation with complete channel state information (CSI) for which the instantaneous signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is known and with incomplete CSI for which only the average SNR is known. We derive analytical formulae of the long-term throughput. These formulae are simple enough to be used for higher level simulations. We show that the throughput is slightly higher on a slow-varying channel but at the expense of a higher loss probability.     

Throughput-Optimal Precoding and Rate Allocation for MISO Systems With Noisy Feedback Channels

A throughput metric is considered for a multiple-input single-output (MISO) system with noisy feedback of channel state information (CSI). The goal is to optimize a precoding matrix with a medium-access control layer metric. The problem is a nonlinear multidimensional optimization. Results show that the optimal precoding turns into beamforming when the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of CSI feedback is sufficiently large. A necessary condition for the optimality of beamforming under the throughput metric is determined, and the necessary and sufficient condition is numerically found based on the Gauss-Chebyshev Quadrature method. Next, the rate allocation for beamforming and spatial diversity is analyzed. Then, a two-mode transmission scheme is proposed such that the transmitter is engaged in either the beamforming mode or the spatial diversity mode depending on the SNR of the CSI feedback. It is shown that at a fairly high SNR of CSI feedback, the rate allocation needs to be reduced, while at a low SNR of CSI feedback, the allocated rate should be increased. It is shown that when the SNR of CSI feedback is lower than a threshold, there always exists an SNR of the transmitted signal such that the CSI feedback can be viewed as the real CSI solely for the purpose of rate allocation. The result also shows that the throughput of two-mode transmission is almost the same as the throughput of the optimal precoding scheme, even with a low SNR and large feedback delay.     

Optimal bandwidth allocation for the data and feedback channels in MISO-FDD systems

In frequency-division duplex (FDD) systems, channel-state information (CSI) is estimated by the receiver and then fed back to the transmitter through a feedback link, which inevitably requires additional bandwidth and power. In this letter, we jointly study optimal bandwidth allocation between the data channel, modeled as a flat-fading multiple-input single-output (MISO) channel, and the feedback channel for maximum average throughput in the data channel using a beamforming scheme. We consider two models of the partial CSI at the transmitter (CSIT): the noisy CSIT, modeled as jointly Gaussian with the actual channel state, and the quantized CSIT. In the first model, we use distortion-rate theory to relate the CSIT accuracy to the feedback-link bandwidth. In the second model, we derive a lower bound on the achievable rate of the data channel based on the ensemble of a set of random quantization codebooks. We show that in the MISO flat-fading channel case, beamforming based on feedback CSI can achieve an average rate larger than the capacity without CSIT under a wide range of mobility conditions.