导电填料对炭系电热涂料电热性能的影响

研究了石墨含量对炭系电热涂料电热性能的影响,并对以石墨为主要导电填料,配入一定质量的炭黑和碳化硅原料制备的炭系电热涂料电热性能进行了分析讨论。电热性能测试和SEM分析表明:石墨是炭系电热涂料优良的导电填料,当石墨含量为50%(粘结剂为50%)时,在220 V的电压下通电10 min,其涂层的发热功率为18.6 W,发热温度为43℃;配入炭黑和碳化硅原料时,在同等测试条件下,配比为m(粘结剂)∶m(石墨)∶m(炭黑)=5∶3∶2的涂层电热性能最好,发热温度稳定在53℃,可用于民用采暖;配比为m(粘结剂)∶m(石墨)∶m(碳化硅)=5∶4∶1的涂层发热温度可稳定在37℃。实验表明:炭黑比碳化硅对炭系电热涂料的电热性能影响大,能较好地提高炭系电热涂料的电热性能。     

一种黑色环氧聚氨酯阴极电泳漆

合成了3种封闭型多异氰酸酯固化剂并对其涂膜外观进行了比较。研究了各种封闭剂的解封温度及其对涂膜性能的影响。分别讨论了不同配比的固化剂与改性环氧树脂、颜料与基料以及各种分散剂等因素对涂膜性能的影响。按照最佳用量:m(固化剂)∶m(改性环氧树脂)=1∶4~5,m(颜料)∶m(基料)=0.24∶1,配合4560型润湿分散剂,运用封闭型异氰酸酯固化交联剂低温解封技术获得了一种烘烤温度较低、硬度达到3~4 H、附着力达到1级且耐蚀性能优良的环氧聚氨酯型阴极电泳涂料。     

圣诞玻璃球用水性彩色烤漆的制备

研制了一种圣诞玻璃球用水性彩色烤漆的制备方法,探讨了基体树脂/复合交联剂配比、硅烷偶联剂用量对涂膜耐水、耐乙醇、耐盐水、耐湿附着力的影响。试验证明,基体树脂/复合交联剂为4∶1,添加1%的硅烷偶联剂,采用m(涂料):m(去离子水):m(水性色精)为100∶40∶7的比例进行淋涂施工,160℃条件下烘烤10 min,制得的涂膜外观均匀、细腻、鲜艳、综合性能优异。     

管道用超疏水PTFE/PPS复合涂层的耐久性分析

通过将聚四氟乙烯(PTFE)与聚苯硫醚(PPS)结合得到一种具有优异疏水性能与耐久性能的PTFE/PPS复合涂层,作为在静电粉末喷涂技术使用的一种粉末涂料,并利用磨损测试、耐腐蚀测试以及耐老化试验验证涂层的耐久性。结果表明:制备的PTFE/PPS复合涂层经受500次磨损循环仍能维持(152.2±0.7)°的接触角以及(3.9±0.3)°的滚动角;相比未修饰的管材,PTFE/PPS涂层修饰管材的腐蚀电位从-962 mV升高至-353 mV,腐蚀电流从10~(-3)mA/cm~2降低至10~(-6)mA/cm~2,耐腐蚀性能明显提升;经历150 d老化试验后仍能维持良好的表面形貌,接触角维持(154.5±0.4)°以及滚动角维持(2.1±0.4)°,表现优异的耐老化性能。     

彩印纸板醇溶快干上光涂料的研制

以氨基树脂585-1、0.5 s硝化棉为成膜物质,再加入助溶剂、催干剂并以无水乙醇作为稀释剂进行溶合,得到一种醇溶性纸张上光涂料.讨论了树脂、硝化棉、助溶剂、催干剂等组分及用量对涂料性能的影响.结果表明:m(树脂):m(硝化棉):m(助溶剂):m(催干剂)=4:10:21:1时,上光涂料的干燥速率最大,涂膜综合性能良好...     

高性能水性印花涂料的制备

以丙烯酸甲酯(MA)、丙烯酸乙酯(EA)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、环氧树脂和乳化剂分别制备核、壳预乳化剂,然后通过种子乳液聚合法制备了具有核壳结构的聚合乳液。以环氧树脂E-44和有机硅氧烷KH-570对聚合乳液进行改性,制备了印花涂料用乳液。研究了乳化剂和核壳单体的配比以及不同改性剂用量对乳液稳定性和成膜性能的影响。结果表明,制备乳液的较佳条件为:复合乳化剂[m(十二烷基硫酸钠)∶m(非离子型乳化剂OS-15)=1∶3]的质量分数为4%,核单体组成为m(MA)∶m(EA)∶m(BA)=1∶1∶3、质量分数为30%～40%,壳单体组成为m(MA)∶m(EA)∶m(BA)=2∶1∶1,改性剂环氧树脂E-44和有机硅氧烷KH-570的用量分别为2%和6%。当烘焙工艺条件为140℃/3min时,制得的印花涂料涂膜在弹性、手感、牢度等性能指标方面均达到了设计要求。     

多相混杂填充增强聚四氟乙烯复合材料的性能研究

制备分析了不同配比的PTFE/PI/CF、PTFE/PEEK/GF两种复合材料的机械性能及动态力学性能。结果表明:PTFE/PI/CF复合体系具有更优异的力学性能,其冲击强度达到25 kJ.m~(-2),弯曲强度达到73 MPa。两种复合体系均具有较高动态模量,具有良好抗热变形能力和阻尼性能。     

用废聚苯乙烯泡沫制备无溶剂型聚合物乳液的研究

用废聚苯乙烯泡沫作为主要原料,丙烯酸丁酯、苯乙烯和醋酸乙烯酯作为改性剂制备了一种低成本的无溶剂型聚合物乳液。考察了单体用量及配比,引发剂和复合乳化剂用量及配比对乳液性能的影响,得到实验的最佳工艺条件为:m(十二烷基硫酸钠)∶m(OP-10)=2∶1,w(乳化剂)=3.0%,n(醋酸乙烯酯)∶n(苯乙烯)∶n(丙烯酸丁酯)=1∶1∶2,m(聚苯乙烯泡沫)∶m(复合单体)=1∶2。这种具有粘接强度高,无污染的聚合物乳液可应用于胶粘剂和涂料中。     

碳系复合涂料的制备及其电磁屏蔽性能研究

以水性丙烯酸树脂为基料,鳞片石墨、银粉和炭黑为导电填料,水为溶剂,加入各种分散剂和助剂,制备成水性电磁屏蔽涂料。分析了石墨和银粉的配比、炭黑用量和涂层厚度对涂膜屏蔽性能的影响;结果表明:涂膜的最佳厚度在0.4 mm左右;m(水性丙烯酸树脂)∶m(银粉)∶m(石墨)∶m(炭黑)=5∶3∶2∶0.8,涂膜厚度为(0.4±0.02)mm,8.2~12.4 GHz频率范围内涂膜电磁屏蔽效果可达42 d B,具有较明显的电磁屏蔽性能。     

预油漆纸用水性氨基/丙烯酸涂料的制备与性能研究

以水性羟基丙烯酸作为主要成膜物质,三聚氰胺树脂作为固化剂,加入多种助剂配制预油漆纸用水性氨基/丙烯酸涂料。研究表明:当m(氨基)∶m(丙烯酸乳液)=0.27∶1时,在140℃下烘烤40 s形成的涂膜的耐干热性、耐湿热性、铅笔硬度以及耐化学品性等都达到了相关标准要求。用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FT-IR)研究反应前后氨基/丙烯酸涂料的结构变化,用差示扫描量热法(DSC)和热重法(TGA)分析涂膜的热性能。     

Insect antifeedant properties of anthranoids from the genusVismia

Vismiones and ferruginins, representatives of a new class of lypophilic anthranoids from the genusVismia were found to inhibit feeding in larvae of species ofSpodoptera, Heliothis, and inLocusta migratoria.     

Direct observation of freeze-thaw instability of latex coatings via high pressure freezing and cryogenic SEM

Despite its industrial importance, the subject of freeze-thaw (F/T) stability of latex coatings has not been studied extensively. There is also a lack of fundamental understanding about the process and the mechanisms through which a coating becomes destabilized. High pressure (2100 bar) freezing fixes the state of water-suspended particles of polymer binder and inorganic pigments without the growth of ice crystals during freezing that produce artifacts in direct imaging scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of fracture surfaces of frozen coatings. We show that by incorporating copolymerizable functional monomers, it is possible to achieve F/T stability in polymer latexes and in low-VOC paints, as judged by the microstructures revealed by the cryogenic SEM technique. Particle coalescence as well as pigment segregation in F/T unstable systems are visualized. In order to achieve F/T stability in paints, latex particles must not flocculate and should provide protection to inorganic pigment and extender particles. Because of the unique capabilities of the cryogenic SEM, we are able to separate the effects of freezing and thawing, and study the influence of the rate of freezing and thawing on F/T stability. Destabilization can be caused by either freezing or thawing. A slow freezing process is more detrimental to F/T stability than a fast freezing process; the latter actually preserves suspension stability during freezing. Presented at the 82nd Annual Meeting of the Federation of Societies for Coatings Technology, October 27–29, 2004 in Chicago, IL. Tied for first place in The John A. Gordon Best Paper Competition.     

Ethanol and (−)-α-Pinene: Attractant Kairomones for Bark and Ambrosia Beetles in the Southeastern US

In 2002–2004, we examined the flight responses of 49 species of native and exotic bark and ambrosia beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae and Platypodidae) to traps baited with ethanol and/or (−)-α-pinene in the southeastern US. Eight field trials were conducted in mature pine stands in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, North Carolina, and South Carolina. Funnel traps baited with ethanol lures (release rate, about 0.6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to ten species of ambrosia beetles (Ambrosiodmus tachygraphus, Anisandrus sayi, Dryoxylon onoharaensum, Monarthrum mali, Xyleborinus saxesenii, Xyleborus affinis, Xyleborus ferrugineus, Xylosandrus compactus, Xylosandrus crassiusculus, and Xylosandrus germanus) and two species of bark beetles (Cryptocarenus heveae and Hypothenemus sp.). Traps baited with (−)-α-pinene lures (release rate, 2–6 g/day at 25–28°C) were attractive to five bark beetle species (Dendroctonus terebrans, Hylastes porculus, Hylastes salebrosus, Hylastes tenuis, and Ips grandicollis) and one platypodid ambrosia beetle species (Myoplatypus flavicornis). Ethanol enhanced responses of some species (Xyleborus pubescens, H. porculus, H. salebrosus, H. tenuis, and Pityophthorus cariniceps) to traps baited with (−)-α-pinene in some locations. (−)-α-Pinene interrupted the response of some ambrosia beetle species to traps baited with ethanol, but only the response of D. onoharaensum was interrupted consistently at most locations. Of 23 species of ambrosia beetles captured in our field trials, nine were exotic and accounted for 70–97% of total catches of ambrosia beetles. Our results provide support for the continued use of separate traps baited with ethanol alone and ethanol with (−)-α-pinene to detect and monitor common bark and ambrosia beetles from the southeastern region of the US.     

Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates Attract Stink Bugs and Tachinid Parasitoids

Halyomorpha halys (Stål) (Pentatomidae), called the brown marmorated stink bug (BMSB), is a newly invasive species in the eastern USA that is rapidly spreading from the original point of establishment in Allentown, PA. In its native range, the BMSB is reportedly attracted to methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate, the male-produced pheromone of another pentatomid common in eastern Asia, Plautia stali Scott. In North America, Thyanta spp. are the only pentatomids known to produce methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate [the (E,Z,Z)-isomer] as part of their pheromones. Methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates were field-tested in Maryland to monitor the spread of the BMSB and to explore the possibility that Thyanta spp. are an alternate host for parasitic tachinid flies that use stink bug pheromones as host-finding kairomones. Here we report the first captures of adult and nymph BMSBs in traps baited with methyl (E,E,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate in central Maryland and present data verifying that the tachinid, Euclytia flava (Townsend), exploits methyl (E,Z,Z)-2,4,6-decatrienoate as a kairomone. We also report the unexpected finding that various isomers of methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoate attract Acrosternum hilare (Say), although this bug apparently does not produce methyl decatrienoates. Other stink bugs and tachinids native to North America were also attracted to methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates. These data indicate there are Heteroptera in North America in addition to Thyanta spp. that probably use methyl 2,4,6-decatrienoates as pheromones. The evidence that some pentatomids exploit the pheromones of other true bugs as kairomones to find food or to congregate as a passive defense against tachinid parasitism is discussed.     

2007～2008年世界塑料工业进展

收集了2007年7月～2008年6月世界塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2007～2008年国外塑料工业的发展情况,提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂的需求量及产能情况.按通用热塑性树脂(聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂)、工程塑料(尼龙、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚)、特种工程塑料(聚苯·硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮)、通用热固性树脂(酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和聚酯树脂、环氧树脂)不同品种的顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品应用开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的进一步扩展等技术作了详细介绍.     

2005～2006年国外塑料工业进展

收集了2005年7月～2006年6月国外塑料工业的相关资料,介绍了2005—2006年国外塑料工业的发展情况。提供了世界塑料产量、消费量及全球各类树脂生产量以及各国塑料制品的进出口情况。作为对比,介绍了中国塑料的生产情况。按通用热塑性树脂（聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚苯乙烯、聚氯乙烯、ABS树脂）、工程塑料（聚酰胺、聚碳酸酯、聚甲醛、热塑性聚酯、聚苯醚）、通用热固性树脂（酚醛、聚氨酯、不饱和树脂、环氧树脂）、特种工程塑料（聚苯硫醚、液晶聚合物、聚醚醚酮）的品种顺序,对树脂的产量、消费量、供需状况及合成工艺、产品开发、树脂品种的延伸及应用的扩展作了详细的介绍。