城市道路计算机辅助管理系统开发

一、系统开发研究背景 随着市政建设速度的加快,道路养护资金和养护需求之间的矛盾日益突出,即众多的养护维修项目要去竞争相对有限的资金。如何合理地在时(养护时机)空(养护项目)上分配这些资金,就成为我们市政养护管理部门的一个重大课题。综合道路工程、系统工程、管理科学和计算机技术等现代科学方法建立起来的道路辅助管理系统,是解决上述问题的有效途径。     

公路的GIS养护之道

以GIS技术为基础,结合三维技术、无线通讯技术、GPS技术等,实现基于GIS的高速公路养护管理信息系统,能够更好地为养护决策服务。日益加大的交通压力对高速公路的养护管理提出新的问题。如何通过信息化手段提高高速公路养护水平,保障高速公路的道路通行能力是对高速公路养护者提     

道路养护车系统

系统以S3C2410处理器为核心,扩展外围集成电路,以Windows CE为操作平台,采用ADOCE3.1与SQL Server 2.0相结合的方法设计破损道路养护标准数据库,由超声波传感器采集具体的路面信息,通过IIC接口传输至嵌入式系统平台,系统操作平台根据道路养护数据库标准给出具体的修补方案。     

基于GIS的道路信息管理系统设计

在分析道路养护信息结构的基础上,本文采用GIS技术对该系统进行了设计和开发.为公路建设管理者和决策者提供了决策依据,规范了公路养护管理,使管理手段更可靠和有效.     

GIS在基于iPad终端的路面养护管理服务平台的应用

近年来我国高速公路迅猛发展,交通运输量不断增加,传统的路面管理系统越来越难满足日益增长的道路养护需求。随着GIS技术的广泛应用,GIS与路面管理系统的结合越来越受到人们的关注。依托GIS强大的空间数据存储、快速查询、空间定位及良好的图形图像交互表达功能,研发了基于GIS的iPad终端路面养护管理服务平台,期望在一定程度上解决我国现存路面养护系统中的问题。     

关于市政道路施工走精细化施工路线的必要性分析

通过分析城市道路中一些常见弊病、道路的维修和保养、整个城市的交通安全和道路交通功能造成的危害,提出了市政道路走精细化施工的必要性和一些相关策略。在市政道路检查中,一定要找出细节方面存在的问题,以更好地实现道路交通功能。此外,还应提高道路养护、维修的能力,细化市政道路施工过程中的基础,从而更好地保证道路的使用效果。     

道路监控系统的业务与功能分析

基于道路监控系统在高速公路运营管理的重要地位和作用,借鉴管理学的基本概念和理论,结合高速公路运营管理中路政管理、养护管理、收费管理和服务区管理的具体业务内容,按运营管理业务中管理要素、管理职能的差异,将道路监控系统的业务需求分业务监管需要和道路保畅需要两部分进行了梳理,并在此基础上,对实现各业务管理中监督反馈、决策计划和组织指挥环节所需的技术手段,即道路监控系统的功能进行了分析。     

基于U-net的道路缺陷检测

道路是现代交通运输最主要的途径之一,道路缺陷对于道路安全有着巨大威胁。因此准确检测道路缺陷对道路养护修缮具有重要意义。道路缺陷具有低连续性和低对比度的特点,现阶段多采用人工检测方法,检测效率低,人力成本高,且检测人员的安全可能会遭受威胁。随着深度学习的发展,神经网络方法被广泛应用于工程实践。U-net是具有编码器-解码器结构的端到端深度学习模型,对微小对象检测能力强,适用于道路裂缝缺陷检测。利用U-net深度学习网络对道路缺陷进行检测,能提高检测效率,无需人工干预,保证检测人员安全,降低检测的人工成本。实验结果表明,U-net网络在数据集Crack500上的效果优于FCN,Segnet等语义分割网络,在保持较高精度的情况下实现了道路缺陷检测。在此基础上对U-net网络层数进行超参数优化,确定该数据集上的最优U-net网络结构。     

道路桥梁工程施工中的高性能混凝土技术应用

文章以加强道路桥梁工程结构质量为目标,探讨高性能混凝土技术在工程施工中的技术应用,通过分析高性能混凝土应用的作用与特点,肯定此技术与材料的性能优势,并总结高性能混凝土在制备、浇筑、养护三个环节需要达到的要求与标准,为今后施工精确方向,最后从桥梁结构、道路建设与质量优化建议等三个方面展开论述,提出高性能混凝土技术的应用方法,以期能够发挥其性能优势,提高道路桥梁工程结构质量与稳定性,带动交通建设行业的发展。     

市政道路工程路面水稳层施工质量控制

道路工程建设是基础设施建设的重要组成部分。道路水稳层整体质量直接影响交通的稳定性与安全性,而水稳层施工技术的不足会直接威胁到人们的出行安全和出行效率。传统的道路水稳层施工主要在出现质量问题之后采取相应的修复措施进行修复,但修复时间长且成本高。为此,落实和加强对道路水稳层施工质量控制的分析,不仅可以有效降低后期养护维修的成本,而且能提高道路工程施工整体质量,维持其运营效果,保证人们日常的出行安全。路面水稳层作为市政道路工程的重要组成部分,直接影响市政道路体系的结构稳定性及使用寿命。基于此,文章对市政道路路面水稳层施工工艺进行研究,分析影响路面水稳层施工质量的因素,并提出相应的质量控制措施,为提高我国市政道路工程质量,推动交通事业发展做出贡献。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。