基于ARM的太阳自动跟踪双模糊控制系统

针对太阳自动跟踪系统采用常规的PID控制器存在着跟踪精度低,超调量大等缺点,提出了一种基于ARM的太阳自动跟踪双模糊控制系统的设计方案;以32位ARM嵌入式微处理器为核心,采用光电跟踪和太阳运动轨迹跟踪相结合的混合跟踪模式;在光电跟踪模式下,采用模糊控制;在太阳运动轨迹跟踪模式下,采用模糊PID分段式控制,并依据光强的大小自动切换控制器;采用两个同样规格的太阳能电池板,分别采用固定安装和太阳自动跟踪系统测试太阳能电池板的采光强度;实验结果表明,该系统具有较高的跟踪精度,实现了对太阳全天候的跟踪,有效地提高了光电转换效率。     

基于ARM的太阳跟踪控制系统设计

为了改进对太阳的跟踪精度,提高太阳能的利用率,设计了一种基于ARM的新型的太阳跟踪控制系统;该系统利用32位ARM嵌入式微处理器芯片LPC2290作为控制器,通过程序对跟踪机构水平、俯仰两个方向的控制,实现对太阳的全跟踪;并在此基础上利用安装在跟踪机构上的角度传感器,对跟踪机构进行定时的误差校正,改进跟踪的精度;通过试验阶段的运行分析,此设计跟踪精度能够满足碟式太阳能热发电的需要,系统性能稳定,成本较低,功能扩展性强,具有较高的实用价值.     

基于STM32的太阳自动跟踪控制系统的设计

针对步进电机在自动跟踪运行过程中失步引起的控制系统跟踪精度降低的缺点,文中设计了以ARM Cortex-M3STM32为微控制器,光电编码器为位置反馈元件的新型数字闭环控制系统;该系统根据太阳的高度和方位信息,结合实时天气状况,以PWM调速方式驱动电机,控制跟踪机构的水平、俯仰两个方向运动,实现对太阳位置的全跟踪;实验结果表明,此系统跟踪精度误差在0.5°以内,较传统的开环控制跟踪系统可以明显地提高系统的跟踪精度,且性能稳定、功能丰富、成本较低。     

基于S3C2440的智能型太阳跟踪系统

基于32位ARM微处理器S3C2440设计了太阳自动跟踪系统,该系统采用视日轨迹跟踪和光电跟踪相结合的方式,对太阳进行同步跟踪,以保证获得最大效率的太阳能.同时系统还添加了手动控制模块,以便于系统的调试和维护.结果表明该系统性能稳定,实时性好,能够有效地提高太阳能的利用率.     

基于S7-300 PLC的太阳能自动跟踪系统的设计

介绍了太阳能自动跟踪技术,对主要的技术进行了分析。基于西门子S7-300 PLC,设计了一种太阳能自动跟踪控制系统。该系统综合了光控和时控自动跟踪技术的优点,能实现太阳光线最佳入射角度的自动跟踪。     

槽式太阳能热发电跟踪控制系统的研究

太阳能取之不尽、用之不竭,槽式太阳热发电是目前国际上发电规模最大,且已实现商业化的、较为理想的太阳热发电技术;研究设计了一种新型的对太阳实现自动跟踪控制系统,该系统采用四象限探测器作为太阳传感器的核心部件,以单片机作为跟踪控制系统的主控制器,通过数据采集、计算和比较,并且利用时钟芯片对系统进行反馈修正,驱动步进电机,实现了对太阳的自动跟踪,并完成对该跟踪系统的自动控制;该方法成本低廉,运行可靠准确,将有利于提高太阳能槽式聚光发电系统的效率,并为下一步工程化奠定理论试验基础。     

双模式互补高精度太阳跟踪系统的设计

提出一种时间/传感器双模式互补的太阳跟踪控制方法,并研制出聚光型阳光传感器,提高了太阳跟踪精度.以ARM Cortex-M3为内核的STM32为控制器,设计一套高精度太阳跟踪控制系统,主要由阳光传感器、模数转换芯片MAX197、时钟芯片、光电隔离、驱动、LCD12864液晶、机械部分(含东西方向、南北方向直流电机)组成.经过实验测试及某公司1200W砷化镓发电系统的实际应用表明,系统跟踪精度达0.1°,能够满足太阳能聚光发电、太阳能热发电、太阳光照明等应用中太阳跟踪要求.     

智能型双轴太阳跟踪控制系统的设计

介绍了智能型双轴太阳跟踪控制系统的软硬件设计.系统以C8051F020单片机为控制核心采用混合控制方式,即晴天时采用传感器跟踪,有乌云时采用定时跟踪,2种跟踪模式系统自动切换,有效地克服了单一跟踪模式的缺点.通过实验测试,该跟踪控制系统达到了预期的性能指标,对提高太阳能的利用率有重要的现实意义.     

基于PLC的碟式太阳能跟踪控制系统设计

设计了一种以FX3U系列PLC为控制核心的太阳能自动跟踪控制系统。该跟踪控制系统将视日运动轨迹跟踪与传感器跟踪相结合,即第一级采用视日运动轨迹跟踪,初步跟踪太阳的运行轨迹,第二级采用传感器跟踪校正,并采用双轴式跟踪调整装置。系统还设计了时间显示模块,能够显示实时时间,同时也可以对时间进行实时调整。     

基于四元数的球面太阳跟踪装置位置反解

在太阳能转换设备中应用太阳跟踪装置可以有效地提高太阳能的利用率。文章运用四元数法对球面三自由度并联机构太阳跟踪装置进行数学建模,解出各个运动副相应位置;然后根据几何关系建立约束方程,求解出球面三自由度并联机构太阳跟踪装置的位姿,进而得出根据太阳在天空中的方位改变该跟踪装置的输入角度,实现该跟踪装置对太阳的实时跟踪。四元数法在解决球面机构问题时具有简便易行、计算量小等特点,这对于实现该跟踪装置跟踪太阳进行角度的实时调整,以最大限度地利用太阳能有一定意义。     

Only connect: teaching, technology and telesis

Abstract This paper describes an approach to the design of interactive multimedia materials being developed in a European Community project. The developmental process is seen as a dialogue between technologists and teachers. This dialogue is often problematic because of the differences in training, experience and culture between them. Conditions needed for fruitful dialogue are described and the generic model for learning design used in the project is explained.     

European Community policy and the market

Abstract This paper starts with some reflections on the policy considerations and priorities which are shaping European Commission (EC) research programmes. Then it attempts to position the current projects which seek to capitalise on information and communications technologies for learning in relation to these priorities and the apparent realities of the marketplace. It concludes that while there are grounds to be optimistic about the contribution EC programmes can make to the efficiency and standard of education and training, they are still too technology driven.     

一种自适应子融合集成多分类器方法

融合集成方法已经广泛应用在模式识别领域,然而一些基分类器实时性能稳定性较差,导致多分类器融合性能差,针对上述问题本文提出了一种新的基于多分类器的子融合集成分类器系统。该方法考虑在度量层融合层次之上通过对各类基多分类器进行动态选择,票数最多的类别作为融合系统中对特征向量识别的类别,构成一种新的自适应子融合集成分类器方法。实验表明,该方法比传统的分类器以及分类融合方法识别准确率明显更高,具有更好的鲁棒性。     

Avoiding semantic and temporal gaps in developing software intensive systems

Development of software intensive systems (systems) in practice involves a series of self-contained phases for the lifecycle of a system. Semantic and temporal gaps, which occur among phases and among developer disciplines within and across phases, hinder the ongoing development of a system because of the interdependencies among phases and among disciplines. Such gaps are magnified among systems that are developed at different times by different development teams, which may limit reuse of artifacts of systems development and interoperability among the systems. This article discusses such gaps and a systems development process for avoiding them.     

Designing economic np control charts: A programmed simulation approach

This paper presents control charts models and the necessary simulation software for the location of economic values of the control parameters. The simulation program is written in FORTRAN, requires only 10K of main storage, and can run on most mini and micro computers. Two models are presented - one describes the process when it is operating at full capacity and the other when the process is operating under capacity. The models allow the product quality to deteriorate to a further level before an existing out-of-control state is detected, and they can also be used in situations where no prior knowledge exists of the out-of-control causes and the resulting proportion defectives.     

The development of robot art

Going through a few examples of robot artists who are recognized worldwide, we try to analyze the deepest meaning of what is called “robot art” and the related art field definition. We also try to highlight its well-marked borders, such as kinetic sculptures, kinetic art, cyber art, and cyberpunk. A brief excursion into the importance of the context, the message, and its semiotics is also provided, case by case, together with a few hints on the history of this discipline in the light of an artistic perspective. Therefore, the aim of this article is to try to summarize the main characteristics that might classify robot art as a unique and innovative discipline, and to track down some of the principles by which a robotic artifact can or cannot be considered an art piece in terms of social, cultural, and strictly artistic interest. This work was presented in part at the 13th International Symposium on Artificial Life and Robotics, Oita, Japan, January 31–February 2, 2008     

Explanation and prediction: an architecture for default and abductive reasoning

Although there are many arguments that logic is an appropriate tool for artificial intelligence, there has been a perceived problem with the monotonicity of classical logic. This paper elaborates on the idea that reasoning should be viewed as theory formation where logic tells us the consequences of our assumptions. The two activities of predicting what is expected to be true and explaining observations are considered in a simple theory formation framework. Properties of each activity are discussed, along with a number of proposals as to what should be predicted or accepted as reasonable explanations. An architecture is proposed to combine explanation and prediction into one coherent framework. Algorithms used to implement the system as well as examples from a running implementation are given.     

Three Process Perspectives: Organizations, Teams, and People

This paper provides the author's personal views and perspectives on software process improvement. Starting with his first work on technology assessment in IBM over 20 years ago, Watts Humphrey describes the process improvement work he has been directly involved in. This includes the development of the early process assessment methods, the original design of the CMM, and the introduction of the Personal Software Process (PSP)^SM and Team Software Process (TSP){^SM}. In addition to describing the original motivation for this work, the author also reviews many of the problems he and his associates encountered and why they solved them the way they did. He also comments on the outstanding issues and likely directions for future work. Finally, this work has built on the experiences and contributions of many people. Mr. Humphrey only describes work that he was personally involved in and he names many of the key contributors. However, so many people have been involved in this work that a full list of the important participants would be impractical.     

基于复小波噪声方差显著修正的SAR图像去噪

提出了一种基于复小波域统计建模与噪声方差估计显著性修正相结合的合成孔径雷达(Synthetic Aperture Radar,SAR)图像斑点噪声滤波方法。该方法首先通过对数变换将乘性噪声模型转化为加性噪声模型,然后对变换后的图像进行双树复小波变换(Dualtree Complex Wavelet Transform,DCWT),并对复数小波系数的统计分布进行建模。在此先验分布的基础上,通过运用贝叶斯估计方法从含噪系数中恢复原始系数,达到滤除噪声的目的。实验结果表明该方法在去除噪声的同时保留了图像的细节信息,取得了很好的降噪效果。     

基于QTE的蒙古文显示机制研究与实现

蒙古语言是中国蒙古族使用的通用语言,由于蒙古文区别于其他文字的书写方式和其自身变形机制等特点,在很多通用的文字处理引擎中都不被支持。在嵌入式产品开发与应用领域中Linux加QTE已经成为流行方式。该文给出了一种在QTE环境上实现基于标准Unicode的蒙古文点阵显示和变形算法, 并自定义了支持蒙古文的QTE组件,扩展了QTE功能,为在Linux加QTE方式的嵌入式体系结构中处理蒙古文提供了一种解决方法。