烟用废弃滤棒中二醋酸纤维的回收与再利用初探

以烟用废弃滤棒中二醋酸纤维为原料,以醇碱溶液作为三乙酸甘油酯的脱除剂,回收得到脱酯二醋酸纤维;再掺配木浆纤维,利用湿法成网工艺制备非织造材料;测试并分析非织造材料的孔径分布及拉伸性能。结果表明:回收得到的脱酯二醋酸纤维满足湿法成网工艺要求;制备的纯脱酯二醋酸纤维湿法非织造材料的孔径分布呈单峰状,平均孔径为18.104μm,孔隙率为72.272%,断裂强力为6.8 N,断裂伸长率为8.481%;木浆纤维的掺入可改善纯脱酯二醋酸纤维湿法非织造材料的孔隙结构,且当木浆纤维/脱酯二醋酸纤维的质量配比为40/60时,非织造材料的平均孔径最小,孔隙率最大,断裂强力为8.0 N,断裂伸长率为3.860%,更适合用作烟用滤棒的材料。     

废弃纺织服装再循环利用方法研究与再思考

基于新的固体垃圾污染源——废旧纺织服装日渐成为固体垃圾主要部分的现状,以废旧牛仔裤为主要研究对象,分析传统的废旧服装处置对环境所产生的潜在影响,探索废旧纺织服装处理方法的多样性,阐述纺织服装再循环的社会和经济价值。针对研究过程中所产生的问题,结合发达国家再循环的研究经验提出了适合中国国情的建设性意见,也是中英两国专家学者共同研究的成果之一。     

Environmental, social, and economic implications of global reuse and recycling of personal computers

Reverse supply chains for the reuse, recycling, and disposal of goods are globalizing. This article critically reviews the environmental, economic, and social issues associated with international reuse and recycling of personal computers. Computers and other e-waste are often exported for reuse and recycling abroad. On the environmental side, our analysis suggests that the risk of leaching of toxic materials in computers from well-managed sanitary landfills is very small. On the other hand, there is an increasing body of scientific evidence that the environmental impacts of informal recycling in developing countries are serious. On the basis of existing evidence informal recycling is the most pressing environmental issue associated with e-waste. Socially, used markets abroad improve access to information technology by making low-priced computers available. Economically, the reuse and recycling sector provides employment. Existing policies efforts to manage e-waste focus on mandating domestic recycling systems and reducing toxic content of processes. We argue that existing policy directions will mitigate but not solve the problem of the environmental impacts of informal recycling. There are many opportunities yet to be explored to develop policies and technologies for reuse/recycling systems which are environmentally safe, encourage reuse of computers, and provide jobs.     

Research Watch: Computer recycling

Recycling.     

污水处理与中水回用项目的技术创新

主要介绍了上海幸福纺织印染有限公司在节能减排和污水处理方面进行的技术改造和所采取的措施,由此实现了3 000 t/d废水排放完全达标,COD控制在50～60 mg/L,并分3步实施了中水回用,大幅度降低了生产运行成本.     

Erema:聚酯回收新工艺

对于很多废塑料采用新的T-DD技术(也称作第四代Erema系统)极大部分可以是间歇喂入的。奥地利Eream公司利用这项新技术使用户丝饼集结在运转性能方面在不增加设备规模的情况下提升达15％，并可节约专用能源(生产每公斤回收粒子的能耗)达20％。     

氧化法处理铬饼回收利用的研究

猪革屑分别经氧化镁和蛋白酶处理得到明胶、水解蛋白质和铬饼。经分析 ,铬饼含有 8% - 10 %的Cr2 O3和约 5 6 %的有机物。对铬饼的处理方法及回收利用进行研究。将铬饼溶解于所含有机物质量2 0倍的浓硫酸中。加入其质量 2 .3倍的重铬酸盐和 0 .2倍的蔗糖 ,在沸腾情况下反应 75 - 80min ,得到pH值约为 0 .5的铬液。用氢氧化钠或碳酸钠调pH值至 2 .5左右。滤出溶液中少量油类物质后直接鞣革。试验结果表明 :这种方法简单易行 ,制得的鞣液具有鞣性稳定、内含蒙囿剂的特性。     

我国造纸白水回用的现状及对策探讨

综述了我国造纸白水回用的现状、基本方式以及处理技术的发展 ,提出了在我国造纸行业进一步推广造纸白水回用措施的几点对策。     

废纸回用时发生腐浆问题的来龙去脉

废纸回用时发生沉积物问题有两个方面,一个方面是胶粘沉积物问题,另一个方面是腐浆沉积物问题.本文在后一个方面着重介绍了废纸回用时的微生物问题,腐浆形成及其机理与组成,以及腐浆控制的各种方法,最后提出了对研究工作的建议.     

废纸回用时发生腐浆问题的来龙去脉(续)

4腐浆控制方法 造纸工业微生物问题的控制已经过一段时间的发展,在不知道这个问题的性质和根源以前,控制方法是基于独有的应用杀菌剂的方法.但是,在进一步研究了微生物问题以后,开发了新的专门的控制策略,这个趋向受到了技术方面和对应用杀菌剂的限制方面的强化.     

乳清制品及其在肉制品中的应用

乳清制品作为优质的蛋白质来源受到人们的广泛关注,文中就乳清蛋白的主要生产工艺及其营养功能应用进行了分析探讨,并针对其在肉制品方面的特性进行了阐述。以国外肉制品生产企业应用乳清蛋白的典型产品为例,进一步阐述了目前乳清蛋白在我国肉制品行业应用的可行性和必然性     

儿茶素纯品EGCG99

<正>茶多酚作为抗氧化剂,已被广泛应用。茶多酚的主要组分是儿茶素,它由六种左右的单体组成,即D、L-儿茶素(D、L-G),L-表儿茶素(L-EC),L-表没食子儿茶素(L-EGC),D、L-没食子儿茶素(D、L-GC),L-表儿茶素没食子酸酯(L-ECG),L-表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(L-EGCG)。大量的科学研究表明L-EGCG是绿茶的主要活性成分。诺德公司成功提取     

儿茶素纯品EGCG99

来自“全球商业网络”的研讨会称，由于各种销售渠道和销售终端的不断涌现，尤其电子商务的运用，品牌的穿透力犹如网络“病毒”一样，达到了前所未有的强度，而当今品牌的塑造也因此呈现出六个异常清晰的走势。     

Herbold:用于回收废塑料的高速粉碎机

废塑料回收应用越来越复杂:供给的物料中杂质不断增加,外来物的含量越来越多.其原因之一是新的分类方法;另一个原因是,以前根本不能回收的废料或只有进行耗时费钱的手工处理后才能回收的废料,现在越来越频繁地采用全自动方法处理.     

印染废水回用中除盐技术的应用

阐述了印染废水回用中存在盐含量的积累问题，分析了离子交换和膜分高技术在印染废水回用过程中除盐的特点．提出了降低离子交换进水的有机物和盐质量浓度能够最大限度地发挥离子交换在印染废水回用中的技术优势．同时，随着膜使用成本的降低，膜分高技术在印染废水回用上的应用前景光明．     

Management experiences and trends for water reuse implementation in Northern California

In 2010, California fell nearly 300,000 acre-ft per year (AFY) short of its goal to recycle 1,000,000 AFY of municipal wastewater. Growth of recycled water in the 48 Northern California counties represented only 20% of the statewide increase in reuse between 2001 and 2009. To evaluate these trends and experiences, major drivers and challenges that influenced the implementation of recycled water programs in Northern California are presented based on a survey of 71 program managers conducted in 2010. Regulatory requirements limiting discharge, cited by 65% of respondents as a driver for program implementation, historically played an important role in motivating many water reuse programs in the region. More recently, pressures from limited water supplies and needs for system reliability are prevalent drivers. Almost half of respondents (49%) cited ecological protection or enhancement goals as drivers for implementation. However, water reuse for direct benefit of natural systems and wildlife habitat represents just 6-7% of total recycling in Northern California and few financial incentives exist for such projects. Economic challenges are the greatest barrier to successful project implementation. In particular, high costs of distribution systems (pipelines) are especially challenging, with $1 to 3 million/mile costs experienced. Negative perceptions of water reuse were cited by only 26% of respondents as major hindrances to implementation of surveyed programs.