Comparative study of behavior of inhaled samarium and cerium in mice

Distribution of Sm and Ce in mice was investigated after inhalation exposure to their oxide particles of 5 μm diameter and 15 mg/m3.Sm and Ce were mainly distributed in lung,their concentrations decreased with passing time,and their concentrations in lung were correlated with exposure periods.Concentrations of Ce were lower than that of Sm in each point.Sm was also distributed in the other organs and bone but Ce was scarcely detected.These results suggest that the behaviors of Sm and Ce inhaled were different,although their chemical properties are similar.     

Synthesis and crystal structure of novel samarium coordination polymer derived from sulfonic acid ligand

The self-assembly of HL(L=[5-(ethoxycarbonyl)-4-phenyl-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one-6-yl]methanesulfonate) with Sm(ClO4)3·6H2O yielded a 2D coordination polymer {[SmL3(H2O)2]·4H2O}n(1).Its crystallographic data indicated that it belonged to a triclinic system,space group P-1,a=1.42233(8),b=1.47155(8),c=1.53868(9) nm,α=8.62710(10),β=6.35250(10),γ=71.5790(10)°,V=2.7241(3) nm3,Z=2,R1=0.0693,wR2=0.1054.X-ray analysis revealed that the local coordination environment around Sm(III) was a slightly distorted dodecahedron in which Sm center was eight-coordinate geometry with eight oxygen atoms from three sulfonic groups,three carbonyl groups and two aqua ligands.Each L-acted as a bidentate spacer to link two Sm centers,resulted in the formation of a 2D hexagonally grid network.The discrete 2D planes in 1 were assembled into a 3D supramolecular network via strong hydrogen bonds among noncoordinated aqua O atoms,coordinated aqua O atoms,and noncoordinated O atoms of sulfonic groups and carbonyl groups.Furthermore,this metal-organic polymer exhibited strong photoluminescence maximized at 379 nm upon 274 nm excitation in the solid state at room temperature.     

Synthesis and photoluminescence of a dendritic europium complex with carbazole moieties

A novel dendritic europium complex containing grafted carbazole units as functional peripheries was synthesized and characterized. The Foerster energy transfer from the peripheries of carbazole units to β-diketonate as well as from the hgands to the central Eu（Ⅲ） ions in the complex was demonstrated. Under the excitation of carbazole units and β-diketonate, characteristic red emission peaks at 612 nm with four shoulders due to the Eu（Ⅲ） ion transition of 5^D0→7^FJ （J=0-4） were observed for the complex.     

Time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay of zearalenone in cereals with a europium chelate as label

A competitive indirect time-resolved fluoroimmunoassay(TRFIA) was developed for detection of zearalenone(ZEN) in cereals,in which ZEN conjugated to bovine serum albumin(BSA) is used as solid-phase antigen.A competitive indirect TRFIA was conducted by simultaneously incubating ZEN in standard or extracted samples with anti-ZEN monoclonal antibody over ZEN-BSA coated plates,and then determining the bound ZEN monoclonal antibody with goat anti-mouse europium conjugate.Samples were extracted with methanol/water...     

Effects of calcium,samarium addition on microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61 magnesium alloy

The microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61 magnesium alloy with Ca, Sm addition were investigated. The results showed that the addition of 0.5 wt.% Ca reduced the quantity of Mg17Al12 phase, and formed a new Al4 Ca phase which is reticular in AZ61 alloy. With the addition of Ca and Sm, the microstructure was further refined and new Al-Sm rich phases were formed in AZ61 alloy with 0.6 wt.%–1.5 wt.% Sm addition, the TEM analysis confirmed that they were Al2 Sm and Al4 Sm. Tensile tests showed that 1.0 wt.% Sm addition contributed to the formation of the Al2 Sm and Al4 Sm and the improvement in the ambient strength, i.e., an ultimate tensile strength of 327 MPa and an elongation of 10.1%. However, excessive Sm addition led to the coarsening of Al2 Sm and Al4 Sm phases, thus resulted in the decline of strength and plasticity.     

Preparation and characterization of visible-light-driven europium doped mesoporous titania photocatalyst

Pure and different content europium(Eu) doped mesoporous titania were prepared by template method using Eu(NO3)3.6H2O andTi(OC4H9)4 as precursors and Pluronic P123 as template and characterized with X-ray diffraction(XRD),N2 adsorption-desorption measurements,and ultraviolet-visible diffuse absorption spectra.Their photocatalytic activities were studied by photodegradation phenol in water under visible light irradiation.The results showed that Eu doping restrained the growth of grain size and extended the p...     

Monophthalocyanine complexes of samarium and terbium with axial ligands:synthesis,structure and optoelectronic properties

The monophthalocyanine complexes of samarium and terbium containing axial 2-mercaptobenzothiazole(Pc Sm(MBT)(1)), 2-(2-benzoxazol-2-yl) phenolate(Pc Tb(OON)(2)) or 2-(2-benzothiazol-2-yl)phenolate(Pc Tb(SON)(3)) ligands were synthesized and identified by elemental, LDI-TOF and X-ray(for 1) analysis.Photoluminescence(PL) and electroluminescence(EL) spectra of the compounds contained only emission bands of phthalocyanine and axial ligands but did not contain the bands of f-f transitions.It was found that among the complexes 1, 2, 3 the latter had highest photoconductivity(~10–7 S/cm) and photovoltaic properties.An organic photovoltaic device(OPV) of configuration of ITO/3/C60/Alq3/Al revealed open-circuit voltage(VOC) of 0.24 V and short current density(ISC) of 0.3 μA/cm2 under illumination by a xenon lamp at 17 m W/cm2.     

Effects of the penetration temperature on structure and electrical conductivity of samarium modified BaTiO3 powders

Gaseous penetration technique was adopted to improve the electrical conductivity of BaTiO3 powders and the effects of penetration temperature on the structure and electrical conductivity of Sm-modified BaTiO3 powders were studied.It was observed that the penetration of Sm made the resistivity of BaTiO3 powders decrease with the increase in the penetration temperature and decreased to the lowest point of 4.20×102 ?·m when the penetration temperature was 950 oC.The relationship curve of the temperature and resistivity of the samples was also established preliminarily to get the mathematical expression by the fitting method.Through X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis,the new phases of Sm2O3 and Ba4Ti2O27 were detected.It was indicated that intricate reactions related to Sm took place during the penetration process and led to the Ti-rich state of the system.The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum illustrated that the bonds of Ti–O octahedron was strengthened by substitution of Sm3+ at Ti4+ sites,which led to the growth of Ti:Ba ratio.The analysis results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) indicated that the particle size of Sm-modified BaTiO3 powders progressed with the penetration temperature increasing.     

Effect of diluents on the extraction of praseodymium and samarium by Cyanex 923 from acidic nitrate medium

The solvent extraction of Pr(Ⅲ) and Sm(Ⅲ) with trialkyl phosphine oxide(Cyanex 923) in chloroform,carbon tetrachloride,n-octane,cyclohexane,1,2-dichloroethane,benzene,toluene,xylene and nitrobenzene from acidic nitrate medium was investigated.On the basis of slope analysis data,the composition of the extracted species was determined as(M(NO3)3?2CY923),CY923 refers to Cyanex 923.The values of the equilibrium constants and the separation factors were calculated.The effect of the diluents on the metal extracti...     

Hydrothermal synthesis, crystal structure and luminescence of a europium complex with phenylmalonic acid and 1, 10-phenanthroline

A new complex Eu2（PA）6（phen）2 was prepared with hydrothermal reaction using EuCl3.6H2O, phenylmalonic acid （H2phma）, and 1, 10-phenanthroline （phen）, where PA was the decarboxylated product of HEphma, phenylacetate. The crystal structure of the title complex was determined with the X-ray diffraction. The title complex was a binuclear molecule with an inversion center. Each Eu^3＋ ion was nine-coordinated with two nitrogen atoms from one phen molecule and seven oxygen atoms from five PA ligands. The carboxylic groups were bonded to the Eu^3＋ ion in three modes, the chelating bidentate, the bridging bidentate, and the bridging-chelating tridentate. The complex emits intense red fluorescence under ultraviolet light. The luminescence peaks correspond to the characteristic emission 5D0→7FJ （J=0-4） transitions of the Eu^3＋ ion.     

Synthesis,crystal structure and fluorescence property of 1-D europium complex with 2,3-difluorobenzoate

A new chain europium complex [Eu(2,3-DFBA)3·(H2O)2]n(2,3-DFBA=2,3-difluorobenzoate) was synthesized by solvent method.X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis revealed that Eu3+ ions were linked through 2,3-DFBA groups via alternate bidentate-bridging and tridentate chelating-bridging coordination modes to form a one-dimensional(1-D) polymeric chain.Each Eu3+ ion is eight-coordinated by six O atoms of five 2,3-DFBA ligands and two water molecules.The abundant hydrogen bonds between chains resulted in a two...     

Polymerization of N-Phenylmaleimide Catalyzed by (ArO)_2Sm(THF)_4

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Synthesis, structure and spectroscopic studies of europium complex with S（＋）-mandelic acid

The Eu3+ complexes with S(+) -mandelic acid were synthesized in the form of powders by mixing aqueous solutions of EuCl3,S(+) -mandelic acid and NaOH in different molar ratios.The powders were characterized by elemental analysis,X-ray powder diffraction(XRPD) method,Fourier transform infrared(FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy,UV-vis reflectance and luminescence spectra as well as lumi-nescence lifetime measurements.It was found that all studied powders of Eu3+ complexes with S(+) -mandelic acid were isostructural and crystalline and formed compounds with the formula Eu(Man) 3(H2O) 2.     

Synthesis, crystal structure and fluorescence of a new europium complex with 2-bromobenzoate and 2,2′-bipyridine

A new complex of {[Eu2(2-BrBA)6(2,2'-bpy)2]2.CH3CH2OH·H2O} (2-BrBA=2-bromobenzoate; 2,2'-bpy=2,2'-bipyridine) was prepared by solvent method and characterized with X-ray single-crystal diffraction, IR spectroscopy, UV spectrscopy, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The complex crystallized in triclinic crystal system, PT space group, with a=1.17196(4) nm, b=-2.36142(9) nm, c=2.59151(9) nm, a=113.266(2)°, β=101.100(2)°, and γ=94.400(2)°. Two independent dinuclear molecules were contained in the asymmetric unit. The two molecules were similar to each other. Each Eu(Ⅲ) ion was nine-coordinated with seven oxygen atoms from five 2-BrBA ligands and two ni-trogen atoms from 2,2'-bpy molecule. The carboxylate groups acted as bidentate-chelating, bidentate-bridging and chelating-bridging coor-dination modes. The complex adopted a distorted monocapped square-antiprism coordination geometry. Five peaks at 579, 591, 613, 652,and 697 nm appeared in the fluorescence spectrum, corresponding to 5D0→7F0, 5D0→7F1, 5D0→7F2, 5D0→7F3, and 5D0→7F4 transition emis-sions of the Eu(Ⅲ) ion, respectively.     

奥氏体不锈钢物相的精细结构表征

以热轧态316L不锈钢为研究对象,首先利用X射线衍射仪(XRD)对其主要物相进行标定,进而利用透射电镜(TEM)的选区电子衍射和高分辨像功能确认了χ相的存在。然后利用透射电子背散射衍射技术(t-EBSD)对所有物相的分布进行表征,与常规电子背散射衍射(EBSD)的结果进行比较,准确显示了χ相的分布特征。结果表明,组织中以奥氏体基体相和带状组织为主,带状组织中主要含有σ相,还有少量的铁素体相和奥氏体相,χ相不仅存在于带状组织中,还存在于奥氏体基体中,且χ相和σ相中都富含Fe、Cr、Mo元素。     

Synthesis,crystal structure,and fluorescence of two dimeric europium（Ⅲ） complexes with 2-（trifluoromethyl）benzoate

Two complexes [Eu2（2-TFMBA）6（2,2′-bipy）2]·2H2O （1） and Eu2（2-TFMBA）6（1,10-phen）2 （2） （2-TFMBA=2-（Trifluoromethyl） benzoate; 2,2′-bipy=2,2′-bipyridine; 1,10-phen= 1,10-phenanthroline） were synthesized by solvent method and determined by X-ray diffraction analysis. Complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic system with space group P21/c, whereas complex 2 crystallizes in triclinic system with space group Pi. Both are binuclear molecules with an inversion center. In complex 1, two center Eu^3＋ ions are linked together by four 2-TFMBA ligands in bidentate-bridging mode. Each Eu^3＋ ion is eight-coordinated with six O atoms from five 2-TFMBA ligands and two N atoms from one 2,2′-bipy molecule. In complex 2, two center Eu^3＋ ions are linked together by four 2-TFMBA ligands in two modes, namely, bidentate-bridging and tridentate-bridging. Each Eu^3＋ ion is nine-coordinated with seven O atoms from five 2-TFMBA ligands and two N atoms from one 1,10-phen molecule. The two complexes both exhibited strong red fluorescence under ultraviolet light, and the ^5D0→^7Fj （j=0-4） transition emissions of Eu^3＋ ion were observed in their emission spectra.     

Electrochemistry of samarium in lithium-beryllium fluoride salt mixture

The electrochemical behaviour of samarium was investigated in LiF-BeF2 system on an inert (Mo) electrode by cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry at 804, 833, 847 and 872 K. Redox process Sm3++e-→Sm2+ was recognized and analysed. Cyclic voltammetry data suggested that at potential sweep rates lower than 0.25 V/s, the reduction was limited by the diffusion of Sm3+ ions. It was not possible to observe reduction process of Sm2++2e-→Sm0 due to insufficient electrochemical stability of LiF-BeF2. Diffusion coefficients of Sm3+ ions in LiF-BeF2 were calculated from voltammetric and chronopotentiometric data in the temperature range 804-872 K. Diffusion coefficient values obeyed Arrhenius law. Activation energy was calculated to be 102.5 kJ/mol.     

聚焦离子束在金属研究中的应用

由于聚焦离子束（Focused Ion Beam,简称FIB）显微镜的最新运用,材料科学得以迅速发展。钢铁行业中,聚焦离子束技术不仅可以不断将涂料和钝化层变薄,而且特别适用于多相或成分混杂的和/或多孔材料的透射电子显微镜（Transmission Electron Microscope,简称TEM）薄片制备。四年前,在ArcelorMittal Gent设备上安装了三重束聚焦离子束仪器。随后利用该仪器对大量的各种各样的材料进行筛选和/或处理,以进一步进行TEM分析。FIB技术成功运用于图层、基体和界面研究领域。比如：1)图层应用：厚度均匀性、缺损性及腐蚀研究;2）衬底分析：裂纹扩展、晶界及晶粒取向;3）界面分析：金属间（化合的）相、扩散和偏聚,外延研究。由于FIB仪器的高成本性以及配套需要的专业操作技能,毫无疑问局限了其在钢铁研究中的日常应用。不过,仍然可以从聚焦离子束制备样品的独特方式中获得许多经济效益,比如更短的样品制备时间、对抽样区域的选择性,当然还有人为因素的影响极其有限。因此,通常情况下,FIB样品制备成为唯一一种可以用于制备透射电子显微镜薄片的途径。FIB同TEM的联用分析技术开启了一个化学的、微结构和晶体信息的新世界,这种新领域将在以下研究中得以体现：1）锌 - 铝 -镁涂层的共晶相表征;2）富铬钝化层的缺损学研究;3）耐候钢的结构组成; 4）无锌涂层的微结构：铝/镁显示为纳米晶体状的铝镁多相结构。     

Photophysical properties of a new ternary europium complex with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone and 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline

A ligand, 5-nitro-1,10-phenanthroline (phenNO2), was synthesized. Its Eu(III) complex with 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (HTTA) was prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, IR and 1H NMR spectra. The photophysical properties of the complex were studied in detail by using UV, luminescence spectra, luminescence lifetime and quantum yield. The complex exhibited nearly monochromatic red emission at 612 nm, a remarkable luminescence quantum yield at room temperature (36.0%) upon ligand excitation and a long 5D0 lifetime (458 μs), which indicated that the ligand phenNO2 could sensitize the luminescence of Eu(III) ion efficiently.