黑米双歧酸奶的研制

该产品以黑米为原料，应用乳酸菌和双歧杆菌混合发酵。发酵温度４３℃，时间６小时，产品，不仅保留发黑米原有的营养成份和天然芳香，而且酸甜适口，含有一定的活菌数。该工艺简便可行。     

黑米乳酸菌饮料的加工工艺研究

本文对具有营养保健功能的黑米乳酸菌饮料的加工工艺进行了研究。通过实验确定了该饮料生产的主要工艺流程。黑米乳酸菌饮料是以黑米和牛乳为原料经乳酸菌发酵后,添加甜味剂、稳定剂、有机酸、水、香精等调配成的产品,通过正交试验确定了饮料的最佳配方。结果表明：黑米发酵乳35%,稳定剂0.5%,柠檬酸0.25%时最佳,可得到具有独特风味的高质量产品。     

双歧杆菌发酵中国黑米口服液的研制

以中国黑米为主要原料，制作发酵培养基，采用耐氧两歧双歧杆菌进行发酵扩大培养，以双歧杆菌发酵中国黑米口服液。应用该口服液对腹泻、消化不良病人进行治疗观察，疗效明显     

纯黑米醪糟发酵工艺优化

以黑米为原料,通过单因素试验研究黑米醪糟发酵过程中的5个主要影响因素,浸米时间、浸米温度、酒曲添加量、发酵温度以及发酵时间对黑米醪糟发酵的影响。以感官评分为响应值,采用响应面试验对黑米醪糟发酵工艺进行优化。结果表明,最适发酵条件为浸米时间1.0h、浸米温度63℃、酒曲添加量4.4%、发酵时间42h、发酵温度31℃。所得产品的主要理化指标为总糖236.9g/L、总酸4.3g/L、酒精度1.39g/100mL。该发酵条件下酿造出的黑米醪糟,呈紫红色,酿液透明有光泽,味浓甜,爽口,酒香味浓郁,口感软糯,具有黑米醪糟独特的风格和较高的营养价值。     

黑米复配发酵风味饮料的研制

以黑米为主要原料,添加羧甲基纤维素钠(CMC)、单甘酯、绵白糖、柠檬酸等,研制黑米复配发酵风味饮料,通过单因素和正交试验优化最佳工艺参数。结果表明,黑米复配发酵风味饮料最佳工艺参数为以黑米复配发酵风味饮料总量为基准,CMC与单甘酯添加比例为4∶2(总量0.6%),黑米发酵汁用量为60%,绵白糖用量为8%,柠檬酸用量为0.05%。在此优化工艺条件下,黑米复配发酵风味饮料感官评分为90。影响黑米复配发酵风味饮料感官评分因素依次为黑米发酵汁用量绵白糖用量CMC与单甘酯添加比例柠檬酸用量。研制的黑米复配发酵风味饮料具有黑米的色泽风味及营养价值,产品口感清爽柔滑,酸甜度适宜。     

芦笋酒的比较研究

分别在芦笋汁中加入苹果、蜂蜜、糯米和黑米等，进行了果香型、蜜香型、米香型芦笋酒的发酵研制，并对其产品进行质量指标对比。结果表明，在17℃～23℃发酵9d，其中芦笋黑米酒的质量指标最好。     

抗疲劳酸乳的研制

以新鲜牛奶和黑米为原料,添加大豆β-伴球蛋白肽,通过发酵研制出具有抗疲劳功效的保健型酸乳.发酵前添加大豆β-伴球蛋白肽,最佳添加量为1％;利用响应面设计,优化出发酵条件:磨浆比为1∶7,黑米汁和鲜牛乳配比为40∶63,接种量为7％.该产品为浅紫色凝乳,表面光滑,质地细腻均匀,具有黑米香味和清香味,酸甜爽口.     

发酵改性黑米渣膳食纤维工艺及功能特性研究

为提升黑米渣的利用率，该研究以黑米渣为原料，探究发酵改性黑米渣膳食纤维(fermented modified black rice residue dietary fiber, FBD)的最优工艺，并对其持水力、持油力和体外吸附能力进行研究；采用粗糙脉孢菌对黑米渣发酵改性，以纤维素酶活力为评价指标，通过单因素试验和响应面试验对发酵改性工艺参数进行优化；通过测定发酵前后黑米渣膳食纤维的组成成分、吸附能力和微观结构，研究发酵改性对FBD功能特性的影响。在发酵时间6 d、料液比1∶0.6 (g/mL)、发酵温度29℃的条件下效果最优，纤维素酶活力为2.399 U;相比未发酵改性黑米渣膳食纤维(unfermented modified black rice residue dietary fiber, UFBD),FBD的可溶性膳食纤维含量提升了71.68%,纤维素含量降低了22.83%。膨胀力、持水力和持油力分别增加了1.9,2.3,2.6倍。胆固醇吸附能力、葡萄糖吸附能力和胆酸钠吸附能力均极显著提升。扫描电镜、红外光谱和X射线衍射分析表明，FBD具有疏松多孔的结构，结晶度降低。该研究确定了...     

黑米发酵食品研究进展

对黑米的历史、营养价值、功能及黑米的深加工进行了概述,并提出发酵是一种有效改善黑米加工性能和提高营养价值的方法,着重阐述了黑米发酵酒、黑米发酵饮料、黑米发酵乳、黑米酱油和酱、黑米发酵煎饼、黑米面包、黑米发酵馒头和黑米发酵口服液等中国黑米发酵食品的研究状况。     

天麻猪脑酒的酿造工艺研究

以黑米为主要原料，添加天麻、猪脑共同发酵，制成营养丰富、保健性强的天麻猪脑酒。探讨了产品的发酵工艺条件和配方。     

Reliable identification of grapevine rootstock varieties using RAPD PCR on woody samples

Since grapevine ( Vitis spp .) rootstock material is being traded increasingly as disbudded woody material a lack of distinctive morphological features on such material necessitates an alternative and reliable means of identification. Methods described here were developed for rapid and efficient extraction of DNA from woody samples rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides, and for subsequent identification of varieties by RAPD PCR. Using these methods, and with the application of only one selected RAPD primer, we were able to differentiate sixteen rootstock varieties, including the seven varieties most commonly used in Germany. Problems commonly encountered with reproducibility of RAPD patterns were avoided by choosing primers with a dinucleotide sequence and a high G/C content that allowed a rather high annealing temperature of 45°C. Methods described here should also be useful for other horticultural crops, especially those with woody tissues rich in phenolic compounds and polysaccharides.     

An internet compendium of analytical methods and spectroscopic information for monomers and additives used in food packaging plastics

An internet website (http://cpf.jrc.it/smt/) has been produced as a means of dissemination of methods of analysis and supporting spectroscopic information on monomers and additives used for food contact materials (principally packaging). The site which is aimed primarily at assisting food control laboratories in the European Union contains analytical information on monomers, starting substances and additives used in the manufacture of plastics materials. A searchable index is provided giving PM and CAS numbers for each of 255 substances. For each substance a data sheet gives regulatory information, chemical structures, physico-chemical information and background information on the use of the substance in particular plastics, and the food packaging applications. For monomers and starting substances (155 compounds) the infra-red and mass spectra are provided, and for additives (100 compounds); additionally proton NMR are available for about 50% of the entries. Where analytical methods have been developed for determining these substances as residual amounts in plastics or as trace amounts in food simulants these methods are also on the website. All information is provided in portable document file (PDF) format which means that high quality copies can be readily printed, using freely available Adobe Acrobat Reader software. The website will in future be maintained and up-dated by the European Commission's Joint Research Centre (JRC) as new substances are authorized for use by the European Commission (DG-ENTR formerly DGIII). Where analytical laboratories (food control or other) require reference substances these can be obtained free-ofcharge from a reference collection housed at the JRC and maintained in conjunction with this website compendium.     

Aroma characterization of various apricot varieties using headspace–solid phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–olfactometry

The characterization of the aromatic profile of several apricot cultivars with molecular tracers in order to obtain objective data concerning the aromatic quality of this fruit was undertaken using headspace–solid phase microextraction (HS–SPME). Six apricot cultivars were selected according to their organoleptic characteristics: Iranien, Orangered, Goldrich, Hargrand, Rouge du Roussillon and A4025. The aromatic intensity of these varieties measured by HS–SPME–Olfactometry were defined and classified according to the presence and the intensity of grassy, fruity and apricot like notes. In the six varieties, 23 common volatile compounds were identified by HS–SPME–GC–MS. Finally, 10 compounds, ethyl acetate, hexyl acetate, limonene, β-cyclocitral, γ-decalactone, 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one, linalool, β-ionone, menthone and (E)-hexen-2-al were recognized by HS–SPME–GC–O as responsible of the aromatic notes involved in apricot aroma and considered as molecular tracers of apricot aromatic quality which could be utilized to discriminate apricot varieties.     

Tests of potential functional barriers for laminated multilayer food packages. Part I: Low molecular weight permeants

The advent of the functional barrier concept in food packaging has brought with it a requirement for fast tests of permeation through potential barrier materials. In such tests it would be convenient for both foodstuffs and materials below the functional barrier (sub-barrier materials) to be represented by standard simulants. By means of inverse gas chromatography, liquid paraffin spiked with appropriate permeants was considered as a potential simulant of sub-barrier materials based on polypropylene (PP) or similar polyolefins. Experiments were performed to characterize the kinetics of the permeation of low molecular weight model permeants (octene, toluene and isopropanol) from liquid paraffin, through a surrogate potential functional barrier (25 μm-thick oriented PP) into the food simulants olive oil and 3% (w/v) acetic acid. These permeation results were interpreted in terms of three permeation kinetic models regarding the solubility of a particular model permeant in the post-barrier medium (i.e. the food simulant). The results obtained justify the development and evaluation of liquid sub-barrier simulants that would allow flexible yet rigorous testing of new laminated multilayer packaging materials.     

Analysis of benzo[a]pyrene in spiked fatty foods by second derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetry after microwave-assisted treatment of samples

A simple, rapid and inexpensive method has been developed for the determination of benzo[a     

The development of reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel. II: Certification study

This paper describes the second part of a project undertaken to develop certified mussel reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins. In the first part two interlaboratory studies were undertaken to investigate the performance of the analytical methodology for several PSP toxins, in particular saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in lyophilized mussels, and to set criteria for the acceptance of results to be applied during the certification exercise. Fifteen laboratories participated in this certification study and were asked to measure saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin in rehydrated lyophilized mussel material and in a saxitoxin-enriched mussel material. The participants were allowed to use a method of their choice but with an extraction procedure to be strictly followed. The study included extra experiments to verify the detection limits for both saxitoxin and decarbamoyl-saxitoxin. Most participants (13 of 15) were able to meet all the criteria set for the certification study. Results for saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of <0.07 mg/kg in the rehydrated lyophilized mussels. Results obtained for decarbamoyl-saxitoxin.2HCl yielded a certified mass fraction of 1.59+/-0.20 mg/kg. The results for saxitoxin.2HCl in enriched blank mussel yielded a certified mass fraction of 0.48 +/- 0.06 mg/kg. These certified reference materials for paralytic shellfish poisoning toxins in lyophilized mussel material are the first available for laboratories to test their method for accuracy and performance.     

Detection of adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum by capillary electrophoresis and polarized light microscopy

Capillary electrophoresis (CE) and polarized light microscopy (PLM) were utilized in the detection of the adulteration of locust bean gum with guar gum. For CE analyses, standards of locust bean and guar gums were extracted with 30% CH₃CN, removing the residual proteins from the gum matrix. A 8.75 mM NaH₂PO₄-20.6 mM Na₂B₄O₇ buffer, pH 9, was used to separate these proteins and to identify marker proteins that were present in the guar gum. These markers did not co-migrate with components in the extracts of mechanically processed locust bean gum, and are used as indicators of adulteration. Using PLM with toluidine blue and iodine staining techniques, unadulterated locust bean gum samples were distinguished from mixed samples through the differential staining of components in locust bean versus guar and tara gums. These experiments in the use of CE and PLM provide orthogonal and complementary methods for the verification of 'true' positives and the elimination of 'false' positives.     

Announcing a new international peer-reviewed journal:Food Science and Human Wellness now accepting manuscript submission in English

<正>We are pleased to announce the launch of a new international peer-reviewed journal-Food Science and Human Wellness,ISSN 2213-4530,which is an open access journal,produced and hosted by Elsevier B.V.on behalf of Beijing Academy of Food Sciences.Food Science and Human Wellness is an international peer-reviewed English journal that provides a forum for the dissemination of the     

Chinese CTP Market

According to Printing and Printing Equipment Industries Association of China（PEIAC）＇s statistics to the plate manufucturer in China, in 2013, the actual offset plate production has reached 346 million square meters in China. Among them, the CTP production volume was 245 million square meters, up by 11% than that of last year; the total sales of the CTP plate was 239 million square meters, up by 13%.