基于改进LMS算法的TH-UWB接收机

跳时超宽带（TH-UWB）无线通信系统通常采用RAKE接收技术。而信道估计的准确度直接影响系统接收性能。提出一种基于梯度的变步长的LMS算法进行信道估计。与传统LMS算法相比,改进的LMS算法可以获得更小的MSE（Mean Square Error）从而为接收机提供更精确的信道估计量。同时,结果也表明该算法提高了整个接收机性能,并获得更小的BER（Bit Error Rate）。     

OFDM基带接收机中残余同步误差的消除

OFDM基带接收机在跟踪阶段仍然残存着同步误差.这些误差尽管数量微小,但会使系统性能严重恶化.本文提出了一种消除OFDM接收机中残余同步误差的方案.与现有方案相比,该方案应用了三种新的算法和技术:载波频率与采样定时误差联合估计的导频辅助递推算法,基于延迟的定时误差校正技术以及基于递推最小二乘(RLS)的判决引导信道增益更新算法.仿真结果表明该误差消除方案能显著地改善OFDM接收机在多径传输环境中的误比特率(BER)性能.     

WCDMA上行链路一种基于RLS算法的空时RAKE接收机

提出了WCDMA上行链路一种自适应的空时RAKE接收机技术,设计了两个匹配滤波器,基于最大信干噪比准则使用RLS算法自适应为期望信号每条多径分量更新波束形成权向量。该方法能显著降低计算复杂度,提高收敛速度。仿真表明,该方法能有效抑制多址干扰并解决远近效应问题,在快衰信道下,能良好的跟踪信道变化。     

基于RLS自适应滤波算法的MIMO-OFDM信道估计

对于传统递归最小二乘算法信道估计性能的抗噪声问题,提出一种基于自适应滤波的RLS估计算法。该算法通过在时域内加入自适应滤波器,对信道中的估计结果进行自适应滤波。经过仿真分析,将自适应滤波的RLS算法与传统的RLS算法在误码率(BER)的性能进行比较,得出基于自适应滤波的RLS算法是一种高精度抗噪声的信道估计算法。将系统的输入含有噪声的信号进行自适应滤波,得到输出信号波形,与输入信号波形进行对比,来验证自适应滤波对噪声抑制作用。     

WCDMA卫星移动通信RAKE接收机性能分析

研究了基于WSSUS模型的UHF频段卫星移动信道模型,利用该模型在四种典型的信道环境下进行相干RAKE接收,在搭建的RAKE接收仿真平台上,比较了三种不同RAKE合并方式下的误码率性能.仿真结果表明,公共导频符号信道估计能有效地克服传统数据符号中时分插入导频符号传输方式在高速运动和快速变化信道中估计不准确的问题,特别在机载信道环境下,接收机性能有明显提高,同时不会产生多余的时隙延迟,信道跟踪实时性强,算法简单.     

非高斯噪声环境下基于RLS的稀疏信道估计算法

现有的信道估计算法大多是基于高斯噪声模型假设。然而在实际无线通信环境中,常常出现脉冲噪声使得噪声不再满足高斯模型,而是满足一种广义高斯分布(GGD)噪声模型。采用传统的自适应信道估计算法(如递归最小二乘(RLS)算法)无法抑制这种非高斯噪声的干扰。对此提出一种可抑制非高斯噪声干扰的RLS信道估计算法。该算法通过在标准RLS算法中引入两种稀疏约束函数(L1-范数和L0-范数)来有效地挖掘稀疏结构信息。通过蒙特卡罗仿真,验证了提出的信道估计算法的估计性能比标准RLS算法更好。     

基于DSP实现WCDMA信道估计

信道估计是RAKE接收机的关键技术,WCDMA中可采用时分复用导频完成,给出了用DSP的具体实现方案。     

基于频域RLS的UWB信道估计算法研究*

为了提高超宽带接收机性能,提出一种适用于TH-PPM调制方式的超宽带信道估计算法,并对其误码率性能及复杂度进行了分析。算法基于信道频域特性,结合递归最小二乘（RLS）计算,达到信道参数估计的目的。算法可同时对多路信道进行估计,而且对幅度和相位不存在模糊因子。通过计算机仿真和与最大似然法信道估计算法的对比表明,该算法在误码率为10-4时,信噪比增益约为2 dB。通过对该算法性能的理论分析及计算机仿真实验表明,该算法在保证信道估计性能的前提下具有低复杂度,易于工程实现的优点。     

基于DSP实现WCDMA信道估计

信道估计是RAKE接收机的关键技术,WCDMA中可采用时分复用导频完成,给出了用DSP的具体实现方案.     

模糊步长的RAKE接收机仿真研究

研究无线通信中多路径传播优化信号质量问题,针对传统的RAKE接收机需要通过增加分支来提高系统性能,提出了一种模糊步长LMS算法的自适应RAKE接收机,采用对抽头延迟线的权值进行自适应调整的方法可以有效地合并多径信号,克服多径干扰,并且消除信号间的干扰和噪声.对LMS算法的步长进行了改进,提出一种新的模糊步长的方法,以便提高LMS算法的收敛速度和降低稳态误差.在MATLAB上进行仿真.仿真结果表明,模糊步长的RAKE接收机性能优于传统的RAKE接收机性能.     

一种水声通信中的自适应ARQ方案

在水声通信系统中,由于水声信道的半双工、时变和长传播时延等特性,导致用于水声通信中的停等自动重传请求(SW ARQ)方案的吞吐性能显著下降。本文首先利用扩频通信技术,将单个信道分成两个子信道：一个用于前向信道(从发送方到接收方),另一个用于反向信道(从接收方到发送方),充分地利用水声信道。在此基础上,结合选择自动重传请求(SRARQ)方案与返回-n自动重传请求(GBNARQ)方案的混合式自动重传请求(SR GBNARQ)方案的优良性能,提出了一种随水声信道的时变特性改变分组长度的自适应ARQ方案。仿真结果表明：该方案能有效地提高水声通信系统的吞吐性能。     

A revisit to block and recursive least squares for parameter estimation

In this paper, the classical least squares (LS) and recursive least squares (RLS) for parameter estimation have been re-examined in the light of the present day computing capabilities. It has been demonstrated that for linear time-invariant systems, the performance of blockwise least squares (BLS) is always superior to that of RLS. In the context of parameter estimation for dynamic systems, the current computational capability of personal computers are more than adequate for BLS. However, for time-varying systems with abrupt parameter changes, standard blockwise LS may no longer be suitable due to its inefficiency in discarding “old” data. To deal with this limitation, a novel sliding window blockwise least squares approach with automatically adjustable window length triggered by a change detection scheme is proposed. Two types of sliding windows, rectangular and exponential, have been investigated. The performance of the proposed algorithm has been illustrated by comparing with the standard RLS and an exponentially weighted RLS (EWRLS) using two examples. The simulation results have conclusively shown that: (1) BLS has better performance than RLS; (2) the proposed variable-length sliding window blockwise least squares (VLSWBLS) algorithm can outperform RLS with forgetting factors; (3) the scheme has both good tracking ability for abrupt parameter changes and can ensure the high accuracy of parameter estimate at the steady-state; and (4) the computational burden of VLSWBLS is completely manageable with the current computer technology. Even though the idea presented here is straightforward, it has significant implications to virtually all areas of application where RLS schemes are used.     

MB-OFDM UWB系统中的加窗算法设计

提出一种能抵抗超宽带系统中强窄带干扰的接收端加窗算法,它适用于多带正交频分复用(MB-OFDM)超宽带通信系统中采用的零值填充机制。相对于其他抗窄带干扰算法,接收端加窗算法具有算法复杂度低、无须对窄带干扰进行预估计等优点。在不同强窄带干扰源下的系统无线数据包错误率的仿真测试验证了该算法的有效性和可行性。     

时变谐波参数检测

本文以自适应线性组合器为基础,采用递归最小二乘法进行时变谐波参数的跟踪检测。当信号的基波频率发生变化时,采用分段检测的思想,对每小段信号先采用插值快速傅立叶变换法检测该段基波频率,作为自适应线性组合器的输入,然后采用递归最小二乘法进行幅度和相位的跟踪检测。该方法利用递归最小二乘法跟踪速度快的特点,实现了时变谐波的快速跟踪检测。实验结果验证了所提方法的有效性和准确性。     

一种基于自适应算法的超宽带系统盲均衡技术

提出了一种适用于直接序列超宽带(DS-UWB)和跳时超宽带(TH-UWB)系统中的自适应盲均衡技术。该方法利用可变遗忘因子的自适应算法,快速有效地跟踪超宽带(UWB)时变信道的变化,从而有效地补偿由于信道特性引起的干扰。在接收过程中,不需要训练序列就可以修正均衡器系数,从而获得发送信号的估计量。此外,该算法收敛快,稳定性好。仿真结果表明,该方法可以有效地跟踪UWB衰落信道的变化,并获得较小的误码率。     

超宽带系统中一种新型的MMSE-SRAKE接收机

根据超宽带室内信道多径的特点,阐述了一种新型的MMSE-SRAKE接收机,采用基于遗传(GA)算法的路径选择方法。仿真结果表明,通过合理次数的迭代,该接收机性能达到近似最优,优于传统的MMSE-SRAKE接收机。     

Wavelet-based spectral shaping of UWB radio signal for multisystem coexistence

Although Ultra Wide Band (UWB) wireless systems supposed to coexist with other spectrally overlapping (narrowband) wireless systems, mutual interference degrades the performance of both systems. In this paper we investigate two techniques for reducing this mutual interference which do not require modification of the narrowband system. We propose to shape the spectrum of the Transmitted Reference (TR)-UWB signal using wavelet based multi-resolution technique to avoid its interference to other wireless systems. The reverse (narrowband) interference is alleviated using a notch filter at UWB receiver that could have much smaller bandwidth in this Gaussian pulse-shaped multi-resolution environment. TR simulations under AWGN and multipath channel conditions show that up to 55 dB reduction of UWB RF energy is possible at the interfering IEEE 802.11a band using the wavelet spectral shaping technique. The challenge is not to exceed the specified pulse duration while shaping the spectrum. The proposed technique does not reduce the throughput of the UWB system. It is general in the sense, it can be used for the better coexistence of any narrowband wireless system with UWB system.     

A new information-weighted recursive algorithm for time-varying systems: application to UAV system identification

This paper presents a new recursive identification method which can efficiently estimate time-varying parameters in discrete time systems and has significant advantages over standard recursive least-squares (RLS) method. This new information-weighted recursive algorithm for time-varying systems has three novel features, discounting of inaccurate estimates through weighting by the Information matrix, using the reuse of past data in computing current parameter estimates, a new tuneable damping factor parameter and a precisely designed compensation term to neutralise the estimation error caused by time-varying coefficients. A rigorous proof of convergence is also provided. Simulations show that the new algorithm significantly outperforms standard RLS, exhibiting better tracking performance and faster convergence. Flight tests on a T-REX 800 helicopter Unmanned Aerial Vehicle platform show that it gives system parameter estimates that are accurate enough and converge quickly enough that flight controllers can be designed in real-time based on the online identified model.     

Design of a Low-Noise UWB Transceiver SiP

Ultrawideband (UWB) wireless communication systems are emerging as a promising solution for high-data-rate and short-distance wireless data transmission. In this article, we introduce a low-noise UWB transceiver SiP design for a compact implementation in a small mobile platform. The SiP's transmitter chip has a fully digital circuit implementation with a passive band-pass filter to meet a US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulation, and the receiver chip has a noncoherent architecture. To reduce noise generation and coupling in the densely integrated design, we considered signal integrity issues in the high-frequency channel and power integrity issues on the power distribution network (PDN) in the SiP substrate. Circuit-level and full-wave simulations confirm that the proposed design methodology improves signal integrity and power integrity. The UWB transceiver SiP consists of a fully digital transmitter system and a noncoherent receiver system.