制备乙烯聚合球形MgCl2/SiO2/THF负载的后过渡金属催化剂

A facile and user friendly technique to immobilize the late-transition metal complexes on spherical MgCl2/SiO2/THFsupport has been developed. The spherical MgCl2/SiO2/THF-supported late-transition metal catalysts 2,6-bis-[1-（2,6-dimethylphenylimino）ethyl]pyridine iron （II） dichloride （SC-A） and 1,4-bis（2,6-dimethylphenyl）- acenaphthene diimine nickel （II）dibromide （SC-B） for ethylene polymerization has been prepared by spray-drying technique using tetrahydrofuran suspensioncontaining MgCl2, SiO2 and late-transition metal complexes. The catalysts were characterized by BET, XRD, SEMand the polymers were analyzed using GPC, DSC and 13C-NMR. The test results show that spray-drying is a very effectivemethod for immobilizing late-transition metal catalysts for ethylene polymerization. Among six kinds of cocatalysts for olefinpolymerization, TMA and TEA were confirmed to be more effective than other compounds for the ethylene polymerizationsystem using the catalyst SC-A. For the case of the catalyst SC-B, DEAC showed the best performance as cocatalysts inethylene polymerization. The replication of the catalyst morphology was found in the resultant polyethylene.     

Ni2P-MoS2/γ-Al2O3催化剂的加氢路径脱硫性能

A series of highly active Ni2P-MoS2/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were prepared and characterized, the catalytic performanceof which was evaluated through hydrodesulfurization of dibenzothiophene. The result indicated that when the amount ofNi2P was 4%, the catalyst showed a relatively high activity to provide a reliable reference for the hydrodesulfurization pathwayin comparison with the conventional NiMo and NiMoP catalysts. The physicochemical properties of the catalysts werecorrelated with their catalytic activity and selectivity on hydrodesulfurization. The stacking number of active MoS2 phaseswas important for influencing the hydrogenation activity.     

纯载体和担载KVO3催化剂裂解正丁烷制低碳烯烃的研究

Supported KVO3 catalysts were prepared by impregnating different kinds of.supporters (α-Al2O3,γ-Al2O3 and SiO2 powders) with a KVO3 solution. The activity of the bare supporters and supported catalysts were evaluated in a continuous micro-reactivity test unit, with n-butane as a raw material. The results show that KVO3 has no catalytic activity, but it can increase the selectivity to light olefins. The supporter of γ-Al2O3 has good catalytic performance for nbutane cracking when the reaction temperature is below 700℃.     

Study on Reaction Mechanism for Cracking FCC Gasoline on Acid Catalyst

This article is based on the experimental data on reaction of FCC naphtha in the presence of acid catalysts. The data published in the literature were reprocessed and compared with experimental data and the relationship of hydrogen and methane contained in the dry gas with the conversion rate was identified. The similarity between the route for cracking of olefin enriched FCC gasoline and the route for reaction of individual hydrocarbons was deduced, while the route for formation of ethylene in dry gas was also proposed to identify the relationship between the reaction path for formation of ethylene and the conversion rate.     

助剂对甲烷自热重整制氢反应NiO/Al2O3催化剂引发过程的影响

The catalysts Ni/Al2O3, Ni/ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 and Ni/CuO-ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 were prepared by the co-precipitation method at a pH of 9 using Na2CO3 as the precipitant. The Ni loading(mass fraction) of the catalysts was 10%. The ignition process on the catalysts for the autothermal reforming of methane to hydrogen was investigated and the surface properties of the catalysts were characterized by XPS. The results showed that the Ni/Al2O3 catalyst could not ignite the process of autothermal reforming of methane to hydrogen. However, the Ni/CuO-ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst could ignite the process of autothermal reforming of methane to hydrogen at lower reaction temperature(650 ℃) with the conversion of methane reaching 76%. The result of XPS analysis indicated that the promoters could change the binding energy(BE) of Ni2p3/2 obviously. The species of Cu in the Ni/CuO-ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst comprised Cu2 O and Cu2+. The formation of ZrO2-CeO2 solid solution and a large amount of Cu2 O might be the reason leading to good oxygen storage capacity and mobility of lattice oxygen of the Ni/CuO-ZrO2-CeO2-Al2O3 catalyst, which could ignite the process of autothermal reforming of methane to hydrogen at lower reaction temperature.     

Influence of Al2O3 and TiO2 supports on catalytic performance of Ni and Co catalysts for gasification of glycerol waste

Since the constant increase in petroleum price, use of glycerol waste, which is a byproduct from biodiesel production, as a partial replacement for fossil fuels via thermochemical conversion waste to energy processes is more practical. Gasification reaction has attracted a lot of interest by producing syngas rich in CO and H2. This syngas can be converted to clean liquid fuels, such as methanol and Fischer-Tropsch oil. Nickel and Cobalt catalyst was widely used in steam reforming reaction. ethanol etc. The aim of this work is to prepare and characterize 5.0 and 10.0%wt of Ni and Co catalysts using the impregnation method on various supporters, such as alumina and titanium oxide （TiO2） and to evaluate their catalytic performance. The specific surface area of developed catalysts was measured. X-ray diffraction （XRD） was applied to determine phase and crystallized size of the catalysts. Examination of the morphology. elemental composition and distribution of metal on the catalysts support were carried out using scanning electron microscopy （SEMi and energy dispersion spectroscopy （EDS） and x-ray mapping. The catalytic performance of prepared catalysts was test at 700 and 900℃ temperature of reaction. 1.87% O2. The result showed that the synthesized nickel and cobalt catalysts via impregnation method using Al2O3 and TiO2 as the catalyst support were suitable for glycerol conversion.     

Study of the coordinative nature of alkylaluminum modified Phillips CrOx/SiO2 catalyst by multinuclear solid-state NMR

Solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy was used to investigate the coordinative states of surface Al species on various alkylaluminum-modified Phillips CrOx/SiO2 catalysts.The alkylaluminum-modified Phillips CrOx/SiO2 catalysts were examined via ethylene homopolymerization.1H and 27Al magic angle spinning（MAS） nuclear magnetic resonance（NMR） spectra clearly demonstrated that the existing states of surface Al species in alkylaluminum-modified catalysts strongly depended on the type of alkylaluminum cocatalyst,concentration of alkylaluminum and the calcination temperature.1H MAS NMR spectra of alkylaluminum-modified Phillips CrOx/SiO2 catalysts,calcined at two different temperatures,exhibited similar trends in peak shift.1H spectra showed that with an increase of Al/Cr ratio and calcination temperature,the main peak shifted to high field,indicating that the dominant surface proton species changed from hydroxyl to ethoxyl and ethyl groups.27Al MAS NMR spectra showed the presence of three different coordination states（6-,5-,and 4-coordinated Al species） in the alkylaluminummodified Phillips catalysts.In comparison of different alkylaluminum cocatalysts,it was found that the reactivity of alkylaluminum modified Phillips catalyst decreased in the order of TEA〉DEAH〉DEAE.The amount of 4-coordinated Al species of Phillips catalysts modified by TEA,DEAE and DEAH also decreased in the order of TEA〉DEAH〉DEAE,indicating that the presence of 4-coordinated Al species is related to the polymerization activity.     

二氧化硅负载Cr(acac)3/PNP催化剂的制备及其催化乙烯四聚反应性能研究

Chromium acetylacetonate and bis(diphenylphosphino)isopropylamine were coordinated in situ and supported on methylaluminoxane-modified silica. The catalyst structure and effects of reaction temperature, reaction pressure and Al/Cr molar ratio on ethylene tetramerization were investigated in detail. Chromium was uniformly and firmly immobilized on the support and could not be leached off by methylaluminoxane. The supported catalyst, upon being activated with methylaluminoxane, exhibited catalytic activity of 1.70×107 g/(mol Cr·h) for ethylene tetramerization to form 1-octene at a reaction temperatures of 80 ℃, a pressure of 2.0 MPa and an Al/Cr molar ratio of 300. The supported catalyst presented a good tolerance to high temperature.     

Influence of Additives on Hydrodesulfurization Activity of Fe-Mo/Al2O3 Catalysts

Based on the study relating to the influence of additives on the hydrodesulfurization performance of Fe-Mo-Al2O3 catalysts, it was found out that the introduction of additives could increase considerably the activity of Fe-Mo/Al2O3 catalysts in the reaction of hydrodesulfurization of gasoline and diesel fractions. The introduction of zeolites （HY, HZSM） and other additives could lead to an increase of the concentration of acid centers, which were able to react with sulfur compounds, along with an increase of total catalysts＇ pore volume, which could improve the capability of catalyst to adsorb the hydrogen and feed oil.     

氧化铝负载的钒催化剂的渣油加氢性能

In order to evaluate the role of vanadium in the hydrogenation (HYD) reaction, a series of alumina supported vanadium catalysts were prepared and characterized by SEM, XRD, Raman spectrometry, 51V NMR, XPS, as well as TPR analyses. The catalytic performance of vanadium in HYD of model molecules (naphthalene) and real feedstock (Kuwait atmospheric residue) was studied after sulfidation of the catalysts. It can be concluded that the HYD capabilities of V/Al2O3 catalysts are lower than that of conventional NiMo/Al2O3 catalyst (RefNiMo). The V/Al2O3 catalysts can only facilitate hydrogenation of the first ring of naphthalene, but have little effect on the further hydrogenation of tetralin. Owing to the different forms of metals and sulfur compounds in residue, the weak HYD activity of V/Al2O3 catalysts is able to facilitate the HDM reaction of the residue, albeit with a slight effect on HDS activity.     

6Cr/SiO_2催化剂上CO_2氧化乙烷脱氢制乙烯反应的研究

在常压固定床微反反应器上 ,对CO2 氧化乙烷脱氢制乙烯反应催化剂进行了评价。通过对载体及活性组份的筛选 ,发现 6Cr/SiO2 催化剂具有较佳的催化反应性能。温度在 82 3～ 92 3K之间 ,该催化剂的乙烷转化率和乙烯选择性分别为1 2 1 %～ 3 2 1 %和 85 2 %～ 77 3 %。增加V(CO2 ) /V(C2 H6 ) ,有利于提高乙烷转化率和乙烯产率 ,随V(CO2 ) /V(C2 H6 )从1 0增加到 4 0 ,乙烷转化率从 3 1 2 %增加到 49 1 % ,乙烯产率从 2 4 8%增加到 3 5 1 %。另外 ,考察了Cr担载在不同载体上CO2 对乙烷脱氢的作用。对于 6Cr/SiO2 和 6Cr/AC催化剂 ,CO2 对乙烷脱氢起促进作用 ,而对于 6Cr/MCM41和 6Cr/Al2 O3催化剂 ,CO2 对乙烷脱氢却起抑制作用。对 6Cr/SiO2 催化剂上CO2 氧化乙烷脱氢制乙烯反应的再生实验也进行了探讨。结果表明 ,在 92 3K下反应后的催化剂用O2 可完全再生 ,而用CO2 则不能完全再生。     

制备条件对CuO/SiO_2催化剂铜晶相的影响

采用醇盐法制备了一系列不同铜负载量及含不同助剂的SiO2 负载的铜基催化剂。考察了不同制备条件对催化剂制备过程中硅酸凝胶生成速度的影响 ,发现在其它条件相同的情况下 ,正硅酸乙酯与乙二醇的体积比起主要作用 ,与金属铜盐的浓度基本无关。用XRD测试表明 ,本实验方法所制备的催化剂中的CuO是高度分散的非晶相状态 ,极易还原。高铜负载量的催化剂在 5 0 0℃ ,空气气氛中焙烧 4h后有Cu的晶相产生 ,其中含Fe、Ni助剂的有助于铜盐在分解过程中被还原为晶相铜 ,而Zn、V助剂的存在却抑制了铜物种的还原     

Co-CeO_2/SiO_2 Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis Catalyst

1. Introduction The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (FTS) is an attractive route to produce liquid hydrocarbons from abundant natural gas via synthesis gas due to the increasing prices of oil and environmental problems. Cobalt based catalysts have been widely u…     

TiO_2/SiO_2催化苯酚与碳酸二乙酯邻位烷基化反应

采用等体积浸渍法制备了一系列TiO2/SiO2催化剂,通过XRD、NH3-TPD和Py-IR等手段对催化剂进行了表征;在连续流动固定床反应器上,考察了TiO2负载量、反应温度、碳酸二乙酯(DEC)与苯酚的摩尔比及重时空速(WHSV)对苯酚与DEC邻位烷基化反应的影响。实验结果表明,L酸中心是苯酚邻位烷基化反应的活性中心;随TiO2负载量的增加,苯酚的转化率逐渐增加,邻乙基苯酚的选择性先增加后减小,而2,6-二乙基苯酚的选择性则逐渐增加,这主要是由负载TiO2后催化剂的酸中心数目增多引起的。以9%(w)TiO2/SiO2为催化剂,在360℃、0.42MPa、n(DEC)∶n(苯酚)=1.0、WHSV=2h-1、8h的适宜反应条件下,苯酚的转化率为75.4%,邻乙基苯酚和2,6-二乙基苯酚的选择性分别为60.2%和16.3%。     

M-Mn-W/SiO_2/堇青石整体式催化剂及其甲烷氧化偶联反应性能

以Na2WO4、Mn、M(M=Ce,Bi,Sr,La)为活性组分,采用浸渍法制备了一系列M-W-Mn/SiO2/堇青石整体式催化剂。在微型固定床反应器中对催化剂的甲烷氧化偶联反应性能进行了评价。采用XRD和TPR对催化剂的结构进行了表征。考察了反应条件对催化性能的影响。催化活性评价结果表明,在较大的空速下,M-W-Mn/SiO2/堇青石整体式催化剂具有较好的甲烷氧化偶联反应性能,其中活性最好的4%Ce-5%Na2WO4-2%Mn/SiO2/堇青石整体式催化剂,在甲烷转化率为32.9%时,甲烷转化率和C2烃选择性之和可达82.9%。XRD结果显示,M-W-Mn/SiO2/堇青石整体式催化剂除了堇青石的特征峰以外,存在α-方石英、Na2WO4、Mn2O3以及一些氧化物的物相。TPR结果显示,催化剂的各活性组分之间存在一定的相互作用,从而对催化剂的甲烷氧化偶联催化反应的性能有不同的影响。     

VO_x/SiO_2催化剂上正丁烷催化脱氢制正丁烯

在微型固定床反应器上考察了催化剂的焙烧温度、钒氧化物负载量、反应温度、H2/n-C4H10比及空速对负载法制备的VOx/SiO2催化剂上正丁烷催化脱氢制正丁烯的反应性能的影响。结果表明:V2O5负载量为12%(质量分数)、焙烧温度为550℃为最佳催化剂制备条件,反应温度在590～600℃,氢烃摩尔比为1～2及空速在(2～4)×103ml/(h·g)范围可获得最佳正丁烯收率30.6%;正丁烯中1-丁烯及2-丁烯产物分布受反应温度影响较大,而几乎不受氢烃比和空速的影响。     

乙烷在M_xO_y/SiO_2上氧化脱氢制乙烯

在５００—７００℃的温度范围内研究了不同氧化物负载在ＳｉＯ２上乙烷氧化脱氢（ＯＤＨＥ）行为。结果表明过渡金属氧化物负载型催化剂对ＯＤＨＥ反应有很好的活性，碱土金属、ｓｐ区金属氧化物负载型催化剂的活性较低，只有合适的可还原性催化剂才同时具有较高的乙烷转化率和乙烯选择性。通过Ｍｏ基催化剂上引入活性组份Ｆｅ、Ｖ等进行双金属调变可改善催化剂的乙烯选择性。     

应用于C9石油树脂催化加氢的高性能Ni2P/SiO2催化剂研究

催化加氢是提高C9石油树脂产品质量的有效手段。本文采用程序升温还原法(TPR法)制备了Ni2P/SiO2催化剂并应用于C9石油树脂加氢反应中,考察了温度、压力、液时空速的影响。结果表明,该体系的最佳反应条件分别为：250℃, 6 MPa, 和1 h-1。其中,加氢产物可以在300小时内保持较低溴值(~250 mgBr/100g),表明Ni2P/SiO2催化剂具有高活性和稳定性。随后,采用XRD、BET、SEM、TEM和红外—吡啶吸附等手段对反应前后催化剂进行表征,以考察其高活性和稳定性的原因。结果表明,相比于NiWS的层状结构,Ni2P是类球形结构,使其暴露出更多的活性位,这可能是Ni2P具有高活性的原因。Ni2P/SiO2催化剂具有高稳定性可能由于Ni2P具有抗硫、抗烧结、抗结焦和抗积碳的性能,这些性能又进一步归因于Ni2P在含硫杂质下可能形成Ni-P-S晶相,Ni2P纳米颗粒具有高热稳定性以及Ni2P催化剂表面弱酸性。     

Zn-ZrO_2/SiO_2非氧化脱氢制无水甲醛的研究

在微型固定床反应器中对Zn-ZrO2/SiO2催化甲醇直接非氧化脱氢制备无水甲醛进行了研究。实验中考察了催化剂组成、反应温度及质量空速对脱氢反应的影响。结果显示,在进料气中φ(CH3OH)为35%,反应温度为800K,质量空速为35mL/(g.s)的优化反应条件下,甲醇的转化率达到100%,甲醛的选择性为63%。结合催化剂的活性评价及X射线光电子能谱、电子扫描电镜、热重等技术显示,采用均匀沉淀法制备的Zn-ZrO2/SiO2催化剂,活性组分能均匀分散在载体上,且对甲醇的非氧化脱氢具有高效的催化作用。助剂ZnO的引入可以有效抑制反应过程中催化剂的烧结,极大程度的增强催化剂的稳定性。     

MgO改性VO_x/SiO_2催化剂上正丁烷氧化脱氢反应性能

研究VO_x/SiO_2催化剂上正丁烷氧化脱氢制丁烯的反应性能,考察VO_x负载量和助剂MgO对VO_x/SiO_2催化性能的影响。结果表明,综合考虑反应物转化率和目标产物正丁烯和1,3-丁二烯选择性,VO_x的最佳负载量为3%;助剂MgO的加入可以提高丁烯和1,3-丁二烯的选择性,抑制正丁烷的裂解,提高C_4烯烃的总收率。