基于非局部梯度的图像质量评价算法

图像质量评价研究的目标在于模拟人类视觉系统对图像质量的感知过程,构建与主观评价结果尽可能一致的客观评价算法。现有的很多算法都是基于局部结构相似设计的,但人对图像的主观感知是高级的、语义的过程,而语义信息本质上是非局部的,因此图像质量评价应该考虑图像的非局部信息。该文突破了经典的基于局部信息的算法框架,提出一种基于非局部信息的框架,并在此框架内构建了一种基于非局部梯度的图像质量评价算法,该算法通过度量参考图像与失真图像的非局部梯度之间的相似性来预测图像质量。在公开测试数据库TID2008, LIVE, CSIQ上的数值实验结果表明,该算法能获得较好的评价效果。     

基于波前像差的图像质量评价方法研究

图像质量评价的研究已成为图像信息工程的基础技术之一。由于图像的最终接受者是人,所以评价图像质量应反映出人类的主观视觉感知。为构造一种符合人眼视觉特性的图像质量评价方法,利用点扩散函数针对人眼建立了含有波前像差信息的图像视觉评价模型,并用此模型分别对添加不同噪声的图像进行图像质量评价。实验结果表明,该方法是可行的、有效的,不同的人眼对同一幅图像的评价存在有差异,人眼波前像差越小观察到的图像越清晰。该方法不仅能够在评价图像质量时准确反映人眼的主观感知,而且能够直观地呈现不同人眼实际看到的图像。     

基于特征融合的无参考屏幕图像质量评价

考虑到人类视觉系统对图像边缘和局部纹理信息较为敏感,本文提出一种基于特征融合的无参考屏幕图像质量评价方法。所提方法通过梯度方向直方图和局部二值模式分别提取屏幕图像的边缘和局部纹理信息,接着通过特征融合过程得到一个更加能够描述屏幕失真的融合特征,最后采用支持向量回归训练得到屏幕图像融合特征向量与主观质量分数的质量评价映射模型。实验结果显示,与现有的图像质量评价方法相比,本文所提算法能够更好地反映出人类视觉系统对屏幕图像的主观感知度。      

基于正则化方向失真的压缩图像质量评价

图像质量评价是图像和视频处理系统中的基本算法。该文在分析人眼视觉系统对图像感知特点的基础上,结合二维图像的几何本征特征研究,提出了一种新型的基于图像正则化方向失真的完全参考质量评价算法。该方法计算简单,物理意义明确。仿真试验结果表明,该方法符合人眼视觉系统特性,所得到的图像质量客观评价结果与主观评价结果之间具有更好的一致性。     

夜视融合图像质量主观评价方法

为建立通用、客观的融合图像质量评价方法,在分析图像质量主观评价方法基础上,研究了融合图像质量主观评价对象、评价条件、评价指标和数据处理等关键环节,结合目标探测识别与场景理解两个典型的视觉任务,提出了目标可探测性和细节可分辨性两个主观评价指标,并研究了图像整体感知质量与这两个指标的相关性。对3种不同场景的微光与红外融合图像,采用9种融合方法获得的189幅融合图像的统计分析结果显示,细节可分辨性和图像整体感知质量相关性好,而目标可探测性虽然和图像整体感知质量相关性较差,但在基于具体视觉任务的融合图像质量评价过程中,仍可作为有效评价指标之一。     

一种基于WBCT的自然图像质量评价方法

部分参考型图像质量评价的性能依赖于图像的特征提取和稀疏表示.WBCT(Wavelet-based Contourlet Transform)是一种无冗余度的图像稀疏表示方法,能有效地反映图像的视觉感知特性,可以用来捕捉由于图像失真而引起的视觉感知的变化.为此,结合部分参考型图像质量评价模型和WBCT,提出了一种自然图像质量客观评价方法.实验结果表明,利用该方法所得到的图像质量客观评价结果与主观评价结果之间具有很好的一致性,能准确地反映人眼对图像质量的主观感受.     

一种基于最小可察觉失真的立体图像质量客观评价方法

立体图像质量是评价立体视频系统性能的有效途径,而如何利用人类视觉特性对立体图像质量进行有效的评价是目前的研究难点。本文通过分析最小可察觉失真(JND,just noticeable distortion)视觉感知模型,并结合反映图像结构信息的奇异值矢量,提出了一种基于JND的立体图像质量客观评价方法。评价方法由图像质量评价和深度感知评价两部分组成,首先提取反映图像质量和深度感知的特征信息作为立体图像特征信息,然后根据立体图像的不同失真类型情况对其特征进行融合,通过支持向量回归(SVR,support vector Regression)预测得出立体图像质量的客观评价值。实验结果表明,采用本文提出的客观评价方法对立体数据测试库进行评价,在不同失真类型或混合失真评价结果中,Pearson线性相关系数(CC)值均在0.94以上,Spearman等级相关系数(SROCC)值均在0.92以上,符合人眼视觉特性,能够很好地预测人眼对立体图像的主观感知。     

基于视觉显著失真度的图像质量自适应评价方法

针对结构相似(SSIM)图像质量评价算法没有考虑人眼视觉多通道性和对图像高失真评价的不稳定性,提出一种基于视觉显著失真度的图像质量自适应融合(VSAP)评价方法。该方法首先采用log-Gabor滤波提取图像的高频、中频及低频3层视觉特征,基于log-Gabor变换尺度和方向权重系数计算特征值的相似度;然后基于视觉阈值多分辨性迭加计算出特征值的失真度;最后,根据视觉失真度自适应融合相似度评价与失真度评价获得图像质量的最终客观评价。实验结果表明,VSAP方法不但对图像不同类型失真的客观评价与主观感知具有更高的相关性,而且3个主要指标斯皮尔曼等级相关系数(SROCC)、曲线拟合相关系数(CC)和均方根误差(RMSE)对图像不同水平失真的整体评价性能更稳定,明显优于其它评价方法。     

一种基于视觉感知的图像质量评价方法

图像质量的好坏是评价图像压缩算法优劣的重要依据。传统的图像质量客观评价方法不有反映出图像在视觉感知上的失真,而主观评价方法如平均主观分数（ＭＯＳ）带有很强的不确定性。建立在人眼视觉模型（ＨＶＳ）基础上的感知均方误差（ＰＭＳＥ）做为主客观联系的桥梁,能有产地反映出人对图像失真在视觉上的感知。类似于均方误差（ＭＳＥ）的定义,我们采用二范数测度的失真测量来定义ＰＭＳＥ,并用Ｗｅｂｅｒ－Ｆｅｃｈｎｅｒ衰减     

一种基于小波分析的部分参考型图像质量评价方法

部分参考型图像质量客观评价方法已经成为图像质量评价领域研究的热点之一。该文利用视觉感知特性,通过统计图像经小波分解后视觉感知系数在各子带中的变化情况,提出了一种基于小波分解的部分参考型图像质量评价方法。该方法与经典的RR-WISM(Reduced-Reference image quality assessment using Wavelet-domain natural Image Statistic Model)方法相比,主观感知的相关系数平均提高3%,主观感知的离出率平均降低6%,传输数据量减少50%,计算代价大大降低。实验结果表明提出的方法与主观感知有很好的一致性。     

Resolution Enhancement Technology:Integrated Process Solutions using OPC

DUV lithography, using the 248 nm wavelength, is a viable manufacturing option for devices with features at 130 nm and less. Given the low kl value of the lithography, integrated process development is a necessary method for achieving acceptable process latitude. The application of assist features for rule based OPC requires the simultaneous optimization of the mask, illumination optics and the resist.Described in this paper are the details involved in optimizing each of these aspects for line and space imaging.A reference pitch is first chosen to determine how the optics will be set. The ideal sigma setting is determined by a simple geometrically derived expression. The inner and outer machine settings are determined, in turn,with the simulation of a figure of merit. The maximum value of the response surface of this FOM occurs at the optimal sigma settings. Experimental confirmation of this is shown in the paper.Assist features are used to modify the aerial image of the more isolated images on the mask. The effect that the diffraction of the scattering bars (SBs) has on the image intensity distribution is explained. Rules for determining the size and placement of SBs are also given.Resist is optimized for use with off-axis illumination and assist features. A general explanation of the material' s effect is discussed along with the affect on the through-pitch bias. The paper culminates with the showing of the lithographic results from the fully optimized system.     

Cost-effective test solutions for smart card and other integrated flash applications

From its emergence in the late 1980s as a lower cost alternative to early EEPROM technologies, flash memory has evolved to higher densities and speedsand rapidly growing acceptance in mobile applications.In the process, flash memory devices have placed increased test requirements on manufacturers. Today, as flash device test grows in importance in China, manufacturers face growing pressure for reduced cost-oftest, increased throughput and greater return on investment for test equipment. At the same time, the move to integrated flash packages for contactless smart card applications adds a significant further challenge to manufacturers seeking rapid, low-cost test.     

An improved parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations

The parallel thinning algorithm with two subiterations is improved in this paper. By analyzing the notions of connected components and passes, a conclusion is drawn that the number of passes and the number of eight-connected components are equal. Then the expression of the number of eight-connected components is obtained which replaces the old one in the algorithm. And a reserving condition is proposed by experiments, which alleviates the excess deletion where a diagonal line and a beeline intersect. The experimental results demonstrate that the thinned curve is almost located in the middle of the original curve connectivelv with single pixel width and the processing speed is high.     

Theoretical analysis of the relationship between the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain in the optical-fiber sensors

The relation between the power of the Brillouin signal and the strain is one of the bases of the distributed fiber sensors of temperature and strain. The coefficient of the Bfillouin gain can be changed by the temperature and the strain that will affect the power of the Brillouin scattering. The relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is thought to be linear by many researchers. However, it is not always linear based on the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Therefore, errors will be caused if the relation between the change of the Brillouin gain coefficient and the strain is regarded as to be linear approximately for measuring the temperature and the strain. For this reason, the influence of the parameters on the Brillouin gain coefficient is proposed through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.     

Novel fiber-optical interferometer with miniaturized probe for in-hole measurements

Today, micro-system technology and the development of new MEMS （Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems） are emerging rapidly. In order for this development to become a success in the long run, measurement systems have to ensure product quality. Most often, MEMS have to be tested by means of functionality or destructive tests. One reason for this is that there are no suitable systems or sensing probes available which can be used for the measurement of quasi inaccessible features like small holes or cavities. We present a measurement system that could be used for these kinds of measurements. The system combines a fiber optical, miniaturized sensing probe with low-coherence interferometry, so that absolute distance measurements with nanometer accuracy are possible.     

Study of waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers

This paper presents a new method to increase the waveguide coupling efficiency in hybrid silicon lasers. We find that the propagation constant of the InGaAsP emitting layer can be equal to that of the Si resonant layer through improving the design size of the InP waveguide. The coupling power achieves 42% of the total power in the hybrid lasers when the thickness of the bonding layer is 100 nm. Our result is very close to 50% of the total power reported by Intel when the thickness of the thin bonding layer is less than 5 nm. Therefore, our invariable coupling power technique is simpler than Intel＇s.     

Teleportation of an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state under the controlling of M controllers

A new quantum protocol to teleport an arbitrary unknown N-qubit entangled state from a sender to a fixed receiver under M controllers(M < N) is proposed. The quantum resources required are M non-maximally entangled Greenberger-Home-Zeilinger (GHZ) state and N-M non-maximally entangled Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen (EPR) pairs. The sender performs N generalized Bell-state measurements on the 2N particles. Controllers take M single-particle measurement along x-axis, and the receiver needs to introduce one auxiliary two-level particle to extract quantum information probabilistically with the fidelity unit if controllers cooperate with it.     

A rigorous proof of MIMO channel capacity’s increase with antenna number

It is well known that adding more antennas at the transmitter or at the receiver may offer larger channel capacity in the multiple-input multiple-output（MIMO） communication systems. In this letter, a simple proof is presented for the fact that the channel capacity increases with an increase in the number of receiving antennas. The proof is based on the famous capacity formula of Foschini and Gans with matrix theory.     

Diode-end-pumped Nd:YVO4/LBO lasers with 4.2W continuous-wave output at 457 nm

A continuous-wave (CW) 457 nm blue laser operating at the power of 4.2 W is demonstrated by using a fiber coupled laser diode module pumped Nd: YVO4 and using LBO as the intra-cavity SHG crystal With the optimization of laser cavity and crystal parameters, the laser operates at a very high efficiency. When the pumping power is about 31 W, the output at 457nm reaches 4.2 W, and the optical to optical conversion efficiency is about 13.5% accordingly. The stability of the out putpower is better than 1.2% for 8 h continuously working.     

Call for Papers

正Wireless Body-area Networks The last decade has witnessed the convergence of three giant worlds:electronics,computer science and telecommunications.The next decade should follow this convergence in most of our activities with the generalization of sensor networks.In particular with the progress in medicine,people live longer and the aging of population will push the development of wireless personal networks