Comparative study on photocatalytic properties of TiO2 nanoparticles prepared in acidic medium and basic medium by hydrothermal method

In order to investigate the difference of phtotocatalytic properties of TiO2 samples prepared in different pH conditions,TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared in acidic medium and basic medium by a hydrothermal process,respectively.The samples were characterized using XRD,TEM,BET,XPS,surface photovoltage spectroscopy (SPS) and field-induced surface photovoltage spectroscopy (FISPS).Effects of temperature and pH in the hydrothermal process on particle sizes,specific surface areas,and photocatalytic properties of the TiO2 nanocrystalline were investigated.The experimental results indicate that the photocatalysis activity of TiO2 nanoparticles prepared in basic medium (B-TiO2) is superior to that in acidic medium (A-TiO2),which is ascribed to the difference of surface state between A-TiO2 and B-TiO2.     

Photogenerated carrier transfer mechanism and photocatalysis properties of TiO2 sensitized by Zn（ Ⅱ ） phthalocyanine

The Zn(Ⅱ) phthalocyanine sensitized TiO2(ZnPc-TiO2) nanoparticles were prepared by hydrothermal method via impregnation with ZnPc.The as-prepared photocatalysts were characterized by X-ray diffractometry(XRD) and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(DRS),and the surface photovoltage spectroscopy(SPS) and photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B(RhB) were studied under illuminating.The experimental results indicate that TiO2 sensitized by ZnPc extends its absorption band into the visible region effectively,and ...     

稀土离子掺杂纳米TiO2的谱学特性研究

采用sol-gel法制备不同稀土元素(La,Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm)掺杂TiO2纳米粒子,采用荧光光谱和紫外-可见漫反射光谱对样品的谱学特性进行对比研究。结果表明,Sm掺杂引起新的发光现象,荧光谱中两个发射峰的强度随Sm掺杂浓度的改变而改变,而其余稀土元素掺杂只影响纯TiO2发射峰的位置和强度;Ce掺杂造成漫反射光谱的吸收边发生红移,且红移幅度随Ce掺杂浓度的改变而改变,其余稀土元素掺杂则造成吸收边蓝移。     

Cr2O3在一维TiO2中的掺杂行为

以硝酸铬和四氯化钛为前驱体,采用化学共沉淀法制得TiO2和Cr2O3的复合粉体。将复合粉体进行水热处理,用透射电子显微镜、场发射扫描电子显微镜、电子衍射、X射线衍射以及紫外-可见光谱吸收仪等测试手段对样品的形貌和成份以及光吸收性进行了分析。结果表明,水热处理后得到一维管状结构,其管长500~600 nm,直径10~20nm,壁厚4~6 nm。研究还发现,与纯的TiO2相比,Cr2O3/TiO2复合粉体的紫外-可见光吸收光谱显著红移。     

可见光下Rhodamine B在钴掺杂TiO2薄膜上的光催化降解

采用溶胶 凝胶法和涂覆成膜技术在钛片上制备了有可见光响应的Co2+掺杂TiO2薄膜(Co-TiO2).应用该薄膜光催化剂在可见光下进行了Rhodamine B（RhB）的光降解研究.结果表明，当Co2+的掺杂摩尔分数为0.02％时，光催化剂对RhB有最佳的光降解效果，而且在降解过程中存在光催化和光敏化的协同效应；同时在酸性体系中光降解RhB比在碱性体系中有较快的速率和较小的最大吸收峰位移，这可能与不同pH下，TiO2表面的荷电状态影响光降解过程有关.Co-TiO2光催化剂的使用，成功地实现了可见光下对RhB的光催化和光敏化协同降解，提高了可见光下RhB的光降解速率.     

TiO_2 preparation by improved homogeneous precipitation and application in SCR catalyst

Ultrasonic treatment and hydrothermal method were applied in the traditional homogeneous precipitation for nano-TiO_2 preparation, which was used as carrier material for the production of honeycomb selective catalytic reduction(SCR) catalyst. The influence rules of the two improved methods on characterization of TiO_2 samples, denitration activity and mechanical strength of honeycomb SCR catalyst samples were mainly focused on. The results indicate that the specific surface area, particle size and uniformity of TiO_2 samples are significantly improved by both of the ultrasonic and hydrothermal treatments compared with the traditional homogeneous precipitation. Also, the denitration activities of catalyst samples are enhanced by the two improved methods(the NO_x reduction ratio increases from 88.89% to 95.45% by ultrasonic homogeneous precipitation process, and to 94.12% by hydrothermal homogeneous precipitation process). On the other hand, because of good spherical shape and high particle distribution of TiO_2 sample from hydrothermal homogeneous precipitation process, the corresponding honeycomb catalyst samples get the best mechanical strength, which is even higher than that of the reference sample from commercial nano-TiO_2. So, it is concluded that the hydrothermal homogeneous precipitation can be a feasible and effective preparation method of TiO_2 carrier for the honeycomb SCR catalyst production.     

Coexistence of antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic in Mn-doped anatase TiO2 nanowires

A series of Mn-doped TiO_2 nanowires (NWs) were prepared by hydrothermal method at the mole fraction of Mn changing from 0 to 12.0%. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) analysis shows that all the samples have pure anatase structure. SEM and TEM studies show that the diameter and the length of the Mn-doped TiO_2 NWs are larger than those of the undoped TiO_2 NWs. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) reveals that the samples are composed of Ti, Mn and O. According to magnetization measurements, all samples show ferromagnetic behavior, but only the undopedTiO_2 NWs are completely ferromagnetic with a saturated magnetization about 1.0 mA·m~2/kg. Mn-doped TiO_2 samples exhibit antiferromagnetic and ferromagnetic (AF-FM) behaviors simultaneously. Photoluminescence (PL) spectra demonstrate the existence of MnO_2 sublattice. These observations indicate that an AF-WF crossover is induced by the coexistence of TiO_2 sublattice and MnO_2 sublattice.     

Highly Efficient Synthesis of Environmentally Friendly Ag-modified TiO_2 Nanoflowers to Enhance Photocatalytic Performance

Ag-modified TiO_2 nanoflowers were prepared using a two-step process. The experimental process is green and free from contamination and can be synthesized directly at room temperature. Compared with pure TiO_2, Ag-modified TiO_2 enhances the absorption of visible light and effectively promotes the detachment of photoelectron pairs, Ag-TiO_2 has a significantly enhanced visible light response activity to photodecomposition of methyl orange(MO). It is shown that the strong interaction between Ag nanoparticles and TiO_2 enhances the photocatalytic activity of TiO_2 nanoflowers. The self-made open-air reactor was used to test the photocatalytic performance of different samples. The results showed that Ag-modified TiO_2 nanoflowers had excellent photodegradation ability. After repeated photodegradation of MO, Ag-modified TiO_2 nanoflowers showed good stability.     

Fabrication and Photocatalytic Activity of Ag_3PO_4-TiO_2 Heterostructural Nanotube Arrays

To extend the absorption capability of TiO_2 into visible light region and inhibit the recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes,we put forward an effective strategy of the coupling of TiO_2 with a suitable semiconductor that possesses a narrow band gap.Meanwhile,Ag_3PO_4-TiO_2 heterostructuralnanotube arrays were prepared by the two-step anodic oxidation to obtain the TiO_2 nanotube arrays and then by a deposition-precipitation method to load Ag_3PO_4.The samples were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM),energy dispersive spectrometry(EDS),X-ray diffraction(XRD),and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy(UV-vis DRS).The experimentalresults showed that Ag_3PO_4 nanoparticles were uniformly dispersed on the highly ordered TiO_2 nanotube arrays,which increased the visible-light absorption of TiO_2 photocatalyst.The photocurrent density and photocatalytic degradation of methylorange indicated that the performance of Ag_3PO_4-TiO_2 heterostructuralnanotube arrays was better than that of the TiO_2 nanotube arrays,which could be attributed to the effective electron-hole separation and the improved utilization of visible light.     

Microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis of carbon materials with tunable microstructure

A facile microwave-assisted hydrothermal route has been developed for a synthesis of versatile carbon materials. The monosaccharide fructose aqueous solution was adopted as the starting material, and the pH of the solution was adjusted to be in acidic (pH 4), neutral (pH 7) and basic (pH 10.5) conditions. The pH buffered fructose solutions were treated at different temperatures by a microwave-assisted hydrothermal technique. As-prepared carbon materials displayed pH and temperature dependent multi-morphologies (porous, spherical or core-shell), which were determined by transmission and scanning electron microscopic analyses (TEM and SEM). And the hypothesis of dehydration mechanism of hydrothermal synthesis was analyzed by ultraviolet extinction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It was found that as compared with normal hydrothermal synthesis, microwave assistance could efficiently increase the production yield and improve the spherical geometry of the carbon particles in neutral condition. By changing the pH of the system, acidic pH induces aggregation of the spheres, while basic pH produces more trends toward core-shell or sponge-like porous structure. The study opens a novel route to the production of polytropic carbon materials and suggests a potential niche market established from the green synthesis.     

Enhanced Photoelectric Property of Mo-C Codoped TiO_2 Films Deposited by RF Magnetron Cosputtering

Mo-C codoped TiO_2 films were prepared by RF magnetron cosputtering. Ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, energy dispersive X-ray Analysis and X-Ray Diffraction were used to study the influences of codoping on energy gap, surface morphology, valence states of elements, ions content and crystal structure, respectively. The concentration of photogenerated carriers was measured by studying photocurrent density, while catalytic property was evaluated by observing degradation rate of methylene blue under visible light. A Mo-doped TiO_2 film, whose content of Mo had been optimized in advance, was prepared and later used for subsequent comparisons with codoped samples. The result indicates that Mo-C codoping could curtail the energy gap and shift the absorption edge toward visible range. Under the illumination of visible light, codoped TiO_2 films give rise to stronger photocurrent due to smaller band gaps. It is also found that Mo, C codoping results in a porous surface, whose area declines gradually with increasing carbon content. Carbon and Molybdenum doses were delicately optimized. Under the illumination of visible light, sample doped with 9.78at% carbon and 0.36at% Mo presents the strongest photocurrent which is about 8 times larger than undoped TiO_2 films, and about 6 times larger than samples doped with Mo only.     

Synthesis of brookite-typed titania from titanium chloride solution

The brookite-phase TiO_2 was prepared by a hydrothermal synthesis of titanium chloride solution. The thermolysis time and the pH value of the solution were controlled during the synthesis. X-ray diffraction experiments showed that TiO_2 powders partially containing the brookite-phase were successfully obtained. A great amount of OH-in the reaction solution was found to be important to obtain the brookite phase because the intermediate complex leading to the brookite phase consumes more OH- than other phases like the rutile.     

Carbonaceous Nanofibers-titanium Dioxide Nanocomposites: Synthesis and Use as a Platform for Removal of Dye Pollutants

A mild chemistry route was developed to prepare carbonaceous nanofibers-titanium dioxide(CNF-TiO_2) nanocomposites for removal of dye pollutants. In the process of the template-directed hydrothermal carbonization(HTC), ultrathin Te nanowires were adopted as templates and glucose as the carbon source, and TiO_2 was decorated on CNF via the hydrolysis of tetrabutyltitanate in the presence of CNF in ethanol. The as-prepared materials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy(SEM), transmission electron microscopy(TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray(EDX) and X-ray diffraction(XRD). SEM and TEM observations displayed that TiO_2 nanoparticles were anchored on the CNF. EDX and XRD data confirmed that the assynthesized samples were CNF-TiO_2, and TiO_2 belonged to anatase titania. Taking advantage of combined benefits of carbonaceous nanofibers and titanium dioxide, these CNF-TiO_2 nanocomposites exhibited higher removal efficiency in a short time and showed good reusability. It was showed that over 97% of Rhodamine B could be removed in 15 min without generating the solid and liquid wastes. The removal efficiency of dyes was still over 80% after reuse in five cycles. All the results demonstrate that the as-prepared CNF-TiO_2 composites are effective materials for fast and effective removal of dye pollutants and thus can provide a new platform for dye decontamination.     

Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticle Absorbed by Hepatoma Cells in Vitro

It is reported thut nanoporticles can be applied as carriers and anti-cancer medicines. But the interaction of nanoparticles and cells is unclear. The purpose of this study was to discuss whether inorganic crystal nanoparticles can get through cells with intact crystal. BEL7402 heputoma cells and titanium dioxide （ TiO2 ） nanoporticles were selected and incubated together in vitro. All specimens were prepared and observed under a traasmission electron mieroscope （TEM）. TiO2 nanopartieles were found not in the nuclear area but in the cytoplasma. TiO2 nanoponieles maintained the plate-like shape during absorbing. The result shows that hepatoma cells can endocytose the intact TiO2 crystal nanoparticles. It implies that novel nano-effect plays an important role in the biomedicinal application of inorganic crystal nanopartieles.     

Preparation,Characterization, and Catalytic Performance of MoS_2 Photocatalyst

The hydrothermal method was used to prepare MoS_2 photocatalyst with the raw materials of MoO_3 and KSCN, and the prepared products were characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD) and scanning electron microscope(SEM). The catalytic performance of MoS_2 photocatalyst obtained at different reaction temperatures was studied, meanwhile the effects of different concentrations and different pH on degradation rate of methylene blue(MB) were investigated. The results show that those prepared photocatalyst samples are of nanometer scale, which exhibits better photocatalytic activity. When preparing MoS_2 photocatalyst, the higher temperature of the hydrothermal reaction, the greater the photocatalytic performance will be, and the crystallinity can be higher as well. As for degrading MB, the higher the concentration of MB is, the worse the degradation effect will be. The prepared photocatalyst was observed to show better degrading performance for MB solution under acidic condition, when pH was taken into consideration.     

基于PVP模板剂水热法制备TiO_2纳米管

以聚乙稀吡咯烷酮(PVP)为模板剂,钛酸四正丁酯为钛源,水热法制备TiO2纳米管.分别采用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、红外光谱仪(FT-IR)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和比表面积孔径分析仪对产物的晶相、结构、形貌、比表面积和孔径分布进行了表征.考察了所制备TiO2纳米管的水热稳定性和热稳定性.结果表明:用PVP为模板剂能制得高比表面积的TiO2纳米管,其管径约在6～8 nm之间.所制备的TiO2纳米管,100℃水热处理7 d,500℃焙烧3 h后,TiO2纳米管的结构没有被破坏,说明制备出了具有较高的热稳定性和水热稳定性的TiO2纳米管.     

水热制备TiO_2薄膜及其性能检测

采用溶胶-凝胶旋转法制备TiO2多孔薄膜,用X-射线分析仪、扫描电镜、原子力显微镜,紫外-可见分光光度计,检测薄膜析晶分析、表面形貌、吸光度、电池的电性能。结果表明:P25粉体添加量为30%,100℃水热烧结12 h,可以形成结晶良好,吸光度较好的TiO2多孔薄膜。     

磁性MnFe2O4/Ag复合纳米粒子的 制备与抑菌性能测试

采用水热法合成了磁性空心MnFe2O4纳米粒子,然后用3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷对其表面进行了改性并吸附银离子,还原后成功制备了磁性MnFe2O4/Ag复合纳米粒子,并采用X射线衍射仪、透射电镜、磁强计、紫外光谱等对试样进行了表征.通过抑菌圈法对MnFe2O4/Ag复合纳米粒子的抑菌性能进行了测试.结果表明:磁性空心MnFe2O4纳米粒子没有抑菌性能;MnFe2O4/Ag对大肠杆菌的抑菌圈半径为1.78 cm,对金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌圈半径为2.14 cm;MnFe2O4/Ag的抑菌持久性检测结果说明,所制备的载银磁性复合纳米粒子抑菌剂的稳定性较好,抑菌性能较持久.     

掺铁TiO2纳米微粒的制备及光催化活性

采用溶胶-凝胶法制备了不同掺铁量及不同pH值下的一系列TiO2光催化剂，并以高压汞灯为光源，罗丹明B为目标降解物，对其光催化活性进行了研究．实验表明，Fe^3 ．TiO2比纯TiO2具有更好的催化活性，且Fe^3 的最佳掺入量为0．05％，最佳制备的pH值为5。     

碳纳米管/TiO2电极光电催化测定耐兰方法探讨

自合成二氧化钛-碳纳米管（TiO2一CNT）复合催化剂，用Nafion溶液把CNT—TiO2固定到玻碳电极上制成CNT—TiO2／GC修饰电极，以耐兰染料为测定对象，进行光电化学响应研究．结果表明，在pH7．2的磷酸盐缓冲液中，示差脉冲伏安法（DPV）测定，分散兰1于-0．4V（vs Ag／AgCl）处产生良好的阴极还原峰，电极对耐兰染料的吸附过程符合Langmuir吸附，其光电响应值高于碳糊／TiO2电极．高光电响应意味着复合材料制成电极后，对有机染料废水的检测限更低，灵敏度更高。