一水硬铝石拜耳法赤泥钙化转型渣碳化分解过程的实验研究

针对拜耳法生产氧化铝过程中排放的碱性赤泥无法大规模处理这一世界性难题,提出了钙化—碳化法低成本、大规模综合利用赤泥新工艺.本文以我国的一水硬铝石溶出赤泥的钙化渣为原料,研究了碳化液固比、碳化温度、碳化压力等重要条件对钙化赤泥碳化分解过程的影响.实验表明,适宜的碳化条件为:液固比5∶1、碳化温度120℃、CO_2压力1.2 MPa.在此条件下,氧化铝回收率为39.3%.经过最终的溶铝过程后,碳化赤泥的主要成分为碳酸钙和硅酸钙,含碱量低于0.5%,可用于制备水泥.     

溶出条件对铝土矿氧化铝溶出及赤泥中氧化铁富集的影响

采用拜尔法高压溶出广西平果铝土矿,考察了溶出时间、溶出温度、石灰添加量以及苛碱浓度对氧化铝溶出及赤泥中氧化铁富集的影响。结果表明,最佳溶出条件为:溶出时间50min、溶出温度260℃、石灰添加量6%、苛碱浓度235g/L,在该条件下,氧化铝实际溶出率可达79.6%,赤泥中氧化铁含量达32.1%。     

溶出条件对铝土矿氧化铝溶出及赤泥中氧化铁富集的影响

采用拜尔法高压溶出广西平果铝土矿,考察了溶出时间、溶出温度、石灰添加量以及苛碱浓度对氧化铝溶出及赤泥中氧化铁富集的影响。结果表明,最佳溶出条件为:溶出时间50min、溶出温度260℃、石灰添加量6%、苛碱浓度235g/L,在该条件下,氧化铝实际溶出率可达79.6%,赤泥中氧化铁含量达32.1%。     

钙化—碳化法连续化处理一水硬铝石拜耳法赤泥

提出了"钙化—碳化法"低成本、大规模综合利用拜耳法赤泥新工艺。为简化工艺流程,将钙化与碳化两个过程做了连续化的尝试,即在钙化后不进行固液分离直接进行碳化,钙化碳化两个过程可在同一反应器进行,减少了设备需求和能源损耗。对比试验结果表明,传统处理法和连续处理法的溶铝渣中Na_2O含量分别为0.17%和0.23%,氧化铝提取率分别为35.6%和34.6%,初步证明了连续化的可行性。     

从赤泥中联合提取铁和氧化铝试验

 赤泥是从铝土矿中浸出氧化铝后产生的固态废渣,含有一定量的铁、氧化铝以及其他有价金属元素。为了综合回收赤泥中铁和氧化铝,开发了赤泥配碳制备成含碳球团,含碳球团直接还原-熔分生产金属铁,熔渣自粉化浸出氧化铝的方法。试验研究了不同工艺参数对赤泥中铁和氧化铝提取结果的影响,得到的最佳工艺条件为：碳氧比为1.8,还原温度为1 250 ℃,还原时间为60 min,熔分温度为1 500 ℃,熔分时间为20 min,熔渣冷却速度小于20 ℃/min,钙铝比为1.6。在最佳工艺参数下,得到的生铁磷、硫质量分数分别为0.047%和0.017%,熔渣中[w(FeO)]为1.26%,熔渣自粉化完全,自粉化渣中Al2O3浸出率可以达到86.65%。     

云南某高铁铝土矿溶出氧化铝试验研究

研究了从云南某高铁铝土矿中高压溶出氧化铝,考察了溶出温度、溶出时间、石灰添加量、苛性碱质量浓度对氧化铝溶出率的影响。结果表明:氧化铝溶出最佳条件为溶出温度280℃,溶出时间45min,石灰添加量8%,苛性碱质量浓度225g/L;最佳条件下,氧化铝相对溶出率为84.35%,实际溶出率为75.94%。同时,对原矿样的能谱分析和赤泥的XRD分析结果表明,氧化铝溶出过程中,赤铁矿会包裹部分一水硬铝石,导致氧化铝溶出率下降。     

富云母高岭石铝土矿拜耳法溶出性能研究

富云母高岭石铝土矿具有铝高、硅高和铝硅比低的特点,为有效开发利用该类型铝土矿,了解拜耳法溶出氧化铝工艺的适应性,获得适宜的溶出条件并提高溶出率,采用高压盐浴溶出试验研究溶出温度、溶出时间、循环母液苛性碱浓度、石灰添加量、矿石粒度和配料分子比对氧化铝溶出性能的影响。结果表明:该铝土矿适合采用拜耳法溶出,适宜溶出条件为:溶出温度260~280℃、溶出时间60min以上、循环母液苛性碱浓度220~240g/L、石灰添加量9%、矿石粒度0.28mm、配料分子比1.35~1.45。在此条件下,氧化铝实际溶出率达72%以上,相对溶出率达96%~98%。     

用铝酸钡脱除铝酸钠溶液中硫的研究

利用自制的铝酸钡对高硫高铝型铝土矿在氧化铝生产中的赤泥洗液进行净化脱硫试验,以降低铝酸钠溶液中硫的含量。从脱硫温度、时间和铝酸钡的添加量对脱硫率的影响等方面进行研究。利用铝酸钡净化铝酸钠溶液的最佳条件为:65℃、20min、铝酸钡添加量100%,其脱硫率可达到95%。     

氧化钙和氢氧化钠混合分解锆英砂的工艺及机理

以氧化钙替代部分氢氧化钠进行混合碱分解锆英砂实验，研究了反应温度、原料配比和反应时间对锆英砂分解率的影响，探讨了氧化钙与氢氧化钠混合分解锆英砂的机理。结果表明：随着反应温度的升高和反应时间的延长，锆英砂分解率逐渐增加；在反应温度800℃和反应时间1h的条件下，氧化钙与锆英砂物质的量比在0．25～0．75时，锆英砂分解率高于97％，物质的量比超过0．75时，分解率逐渐降低。进一步的机理分析表明：氧化钙与Na4SiO4反应生成Na2CaSiO4和Na2O，Na2O扩散到锆英砂表面继续进行分解反应。     

高铝粉煤灰钙矿相转化行为研究

从高铝粉煤灰的矿相特性入手,研究转化剂的种类及用量、温度、时间、液固比等对高铝粉煤灰钙矿相转化行为的影响及其反应机理,并提出了高铝粉煤灰制备铝硅合金新工艺。结果表明,高铝粉煤灰中Al2O3和SiO2含量之和达到70%以上,Ca元素主要以CaSO4形式存在,还有一部分以2CaO·Al2O3·SiO2形式存在。粉煤灰中钙矿相转化为碳酸钙后对后续酸浸除杂过程中氧化铝损失影响不大,但能够大幅度提高除钙率。高铝粉煤灰钙矿相转化最佳条件为:转化剂Na2CO3添加量为2倍理论值、转化温度60℃、反应时间1.5h、液固比4,在此条件下除钙率能够达到90%以上。     

熔炼次数对M17返回料合金成分、组织和性能的影响

实验结果表明,M17铸造高温合金(%:0.16C、8.79Cr、5.79A1、4.93Ti、3.29Mo、15.20Co、0.78V、0.015B、0.073Zr、0.002S、0.001P、0.001 1O、0.001 0N)经25 kg真空感应炉返回重熔后,Si含量随重熔次数的增加而略有增加,合金中主要元素和其它杂质元素S、P、H的含量变化不大,而氧、氮略有增加;合金中初生碳化物由新合金中的草书体逐渐向返回合金块状转变,初生碳化物的遗传性堵塞合金凝固时的补缩通道,使返回料合金的疏松倾向增大,高温塑性下降较大。     

China's Major Non-ferrous Metals Imports & Exports

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Zinc Production by Province in 2014

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80% of Chinese Firms Purchasing Overseas Mines Ended up in the Red

<正>Minmetals Resources acquired the world’s largest copper mine under construction for USD5.85 billion.One after another,listed companies Jien Nickle,China Molybdenum and Chihong Zinc and Germanium raised money to get involved in overseas mining projects…SOEs and private enterprises are engaged in a frenzy of overseas mine purchasing.A reporter with Economic     

Copper Processing Profit Dropped Sharply,Copper Consumption Will Face Impact in the Second Half of the Year

正Judging from China’s copper consumption field,the biggest consumption unit is electric power,which accounts for 47%of total consumption;it is followed by light industry sector,including household electrical appliance,machinery,durable goods and hardware etc,which accounts for 22%of total consumption;followed by transportation field,     

Central Geological Prospecting Fund Newly Added 16.47 Million Tonnes of Bauxite in 2013

正In 2013,the Central Geological Prospecting Fund(CGPF)Project newly discovered 15 ore fields,including 3 large above ore fields,and 5medium sized ore fields.The reporter learned from the recently published"Annual Report of Central Geological Prospecting Fund Project(2013)"that,from 2006 to 2013 the CGPF     

Manufacturers of Copper Tube for Central Air Conditioner Use Face Mounting Pressure in the Final Quarter of the Year

正This year,the investment growth rate of real estate industry continued to slow down,sold area of commercial housing also dropped significantly,which brought huge pressure to the domestic air conditioning manufactures.In the first half of the year,by relying on high growth in national financial expenditure,along with investment in public infrastructure     

Xinjiang Ranks No.1 in Production of Primary Aluminum in China

正Kang Yi,Honorary Chairman of China Nonferrous Metals Industry Association,said recently at the Forum on Development of the Non-ferrous Metals Industry in Central and Western China held in Zhengzhou that,as more and more electrolytic aluminum factories in Xinjiang came into operation,the electrolytic aluminum output of Xinjiang had reached2,275,000 tons in the first 7 months this year,     

Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power Completed800,000 t/a Aluminum Project in Xinjiang

正"Xinjiang project has been completed according to schedule,but total completion and total start of production are two different concepts,after completion it still needs a gradual process of reaching production target."On the morning of November 3,Shenhuo Coal Industry and Electricity Power told investors the above statement on the investor interaction platform.     

Guangdong Metal Transaction Center has Become the Second Largest Precious Metal Transaction Platform Nationwide

正The reporter learned from Guangdong Province Precious Metal Transaction Center that in 2013the Center maintained healthy development momentum,and had become the second largest precious metal transaction platform in China in terms of market size;currently Guangdong is quickening steps of financial innovation for the Center,aiming to build a transaction center with international core competitiveness.