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通过对原水有机物臭氧氧化前后种类和结构变化的分析,探讨了臭氧氧化对生物活性炭处理有机物的降解特征.结果表明,臭氧氧化除将少部分有机物直接氧化分解为无机物外,主要作用是将芳香族,链烃类和脂肪族等氧化后为脂肪族、羧酸类和酯类等易生物降解的有机物,提高了可生化性;水中有机物的相对分子质量从3 000~6 000降低至2 000~3 000,特别是小于500的有机物含量显著增加.臭氧氧化后水中的残余臭氧对改善活性炭的微孔结构有一定作用.从吸附作用和生物降解作用对溶解性有机炭降解所起的贡献看,臭氧氧化并不利于发挥活性炭的吸附作用,而是大大增强了生物降解的作用. 相似文献
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臭氧生物活性炭工艺处理饮用水时各阶段的特点 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
论述了臭氧生物活性炭工艺中的臭氧发生系统、臭氧尾气处理系统、臭氧预氧化及后氧化、生物活性炭滤池各阶段的应用现状及特点。指出:臭氧发生系统采用氧气为原料来提高臭氧浓度,臭氧质量分数可达6%左右;由于电加热分解臭氧尾气反应速度快,可在1.5~2s内完全分解,应是今后自来水厂臭氧尾气处理技术应用的重点;臭氧预氧化一般采用静态混合器或水射器单点投加,投加量为1~2mg/L,接触时间为1~4min;臭氧后氧化一般采用微孔曝气盘以微气泡的形式多点投加,水中臭氧余量控制在0.2~0.4mg/L,接触时间大于10min;生物活性炭滤池对苯类化合物和相对分子质量在500~1000范围内的腐殖质去除率达70%~86.7%。 相似文献
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介绍了臭氧-生物活性炭技术工作原理及其在国内外的发展现状,提出了该项技术在应用中的局限性,并提出了此项技术的一些改进方法。 相似文献
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臭氧化—生物活性炭工艺参数的研究 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
对臭氧化-生物活性炭技术的工艺参数进行了系统研究,通过试验对比确定了臭氧扩散装置的型式和特定水质条件下的臭氧最佳投量,开发了一种新型臭氧尾气破坏设备并应用于生产实际,对不同种类的活性炭进行了比较和选择,并对工艺系统中生物活性炭的设计参数和运行特征进行了分析和研究。 相似文献
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本研究针对南方亚热带地区常规给水处理工艺下的砂滤出水,应用臭氧一生物活性炭工艺进行深度处理中试试验,经过一个水文年(12个月)的运行,结果表明:在不同的后臭氧投加量(1.0~3.0mg/L)下,随着后臭氧投加量的增加,后臭氧接触塔及炭滤池对CODMn的去除率总体上呈逐步升高的趋势;后臭氧投加量和臭氧后水浊度、炭滤池对锰的去除率有明显的相关性;当后臭氧投加量为1.8~2.0mg/L时,各项水质指标取得较好的处理效果,已无需增大投药量;系统在冬季水温较低时运行对可以生物降解的CODMn与氨氮的去除率未出现下降趋势,表明本工艺在我国南方亚热带地区有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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针对生物活性炭技术应用过程中所存在的水质安全性问题,提出了臭氧氧化前投加微量高锰酸盐氧化的处理方法,并与臭氧活性炭技术进行了对比研究。研究结果表明投加高锰酸盐有利于臭氧活性炭技术的运行,提高了对颗粒物的去除;总有机炭的去除率可以提高10%以上,而UV254的去除率可以提高20%以上: 相似文献
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臭氧-生物活性炭纤维处理微污染原水的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用循环流动法把微生物固定在活性炭纤维(BACF)上,并将原水用臭氧预氧化,然后用生物活性炭纤维柱处理,检测了臭氧-生物活性炭纤维去除微污染原水中有机物的性能.实验结果表明,在臭氧投加量为3 g/h,臭氧反应塔接触时间为20 min、炭床接触时间为30 min时,O3-BACF对UV254、浊度、CODMn的去除率分别为90%、95%、60%,表明O3-BACF技术对UV254和浊度有良好的处理效果,并且显著地提高了CODMn的去除效果,同时O3和BACF的协同作用使生物活性炭纤维柱出水水质稳定,处理量大.作为一种新型的深度水处理技术,O3-BACF技术将具有广阔的应用前景. 相似文献
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Estrogens (estron: E1; estradiol: E2; estriol: E3) are major water pollutants. For the removal of estrogens, activated carbon (AC) and ozone treatments were employed, and the chemical oxygen demand (COD) and pH of a single solution and multiple solution systems were investigated. The removal of estrogens increased with the amount of AC. The percentage of removed estrogens by AC in the single solution system was greater than that in the ternary solution system. The estrogens were completely removed using ozone, which also reduced COD and pH. The removal of estrogens increased the water quality and decreased the amount of organic carbon. 相似文献
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J Rivera‐Utrilla M Snchez‐Polo M
A Mondaca C
A Zaror 《Journal of chemical technology and biotechnology (Oxford, Oxfordshire : 1986)》2002,77(8):883-890
Naphthalenesulfonic compounds are widely used, mainly by the textile industry in the synthesis of azoic colorants. The presence of the sulfonic group is known to endow these compounds with high water‐solubility and low biodegradability, although its influence on their genotoxic activity is unknown. The use of energetic oxidants is recommended for the degradation of organic compounds which are refractory to biological treatment. Ozone and ozone/activated carbon have been proposed as the best alternatives to remove these compounds. The results showed that the more sulfonic groups there are on the aromatic ring of this family of contaminants, the lower is their genotoxic activity. All the compounds studied presented genotoxic activity at elevated concentrations. Ames test results indicate that DNA damage was produced by substitution of nitrogenated bases. The system based on the combined use of ozone and activated carbon was the most efficacious in the depuration of water containing these contaminants. This approach rapidly degraded the naphthalenesulfonic acids, eliminated their genotoxic activity and reduced their organic material content using low doses of ozone. © 2002 Society of Chemical Industry 相似文献
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采用降解菌柱、土壤悬液柱和对照柱3种活性炭柱处理阿特拉津微污染原水,考察了阿特拉津去除效率,并利用PCR-DGGE技术分析炭柱运行期间微生物菌群动态变化。结果表明140 d后对照柱去除率下降至30%~40%,而降解菌柱的去除效率保持在65%~75%。DGGE分析表明3个炭柱中都有自来水中微生物生长,土壤悬液柱中微生物在贫营养状态时种群多样性降低,实验室分离的阿特拉津降解菌接入降解菌柱后在运行期间可以保持相对优势,延长了炭的使用时间。 相似文献
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This study attempts to combine the technologies of adsorption of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) on activated carbon and the oxidation of the VOCs by ozone (O3). In the adsorption/oxidation process, the effects of ozone on the adsorption characteristics of methyl ethyl ketone (MEK) vapor on activated carbon are investigated. The kinetic parameters of the reaction for MEK vapor and O3 on activated carbon are also determined. The results show that the destructive efficiencies of MEK by 1000 ppmv O3 on activated carbon are from 12.4% to 48.5%. From the power law kinetic model, the apparent kinetic constant, k, is obtained with a value of 0.0438 h−1. Moreover, from the analytical results of the Arrhenius equation, the activation energy, Ea, is found to be 5.12 kcal/mol and the value of rate constant, A, is 189.54 h−1. From the Langmuir–Hishelwood model [Escobar, P., Beroy, Q., Iritia, P.P., Huerta, J.H., 2004. Kinetic Study of the Combustion of Methyl–Ethyl–Ketone over α-Hematite Catalyst. Chem. Eng. J. 102, 107] the values of the kinetics parameters k′LH and kLH were 0.035 and 0.6183, respectively. Finally, the modified Wheeler equation [Busmundrud, O., 1993. Vapour Breakthrough in Activated Carbon Beds. Carbon 31, 279; Wood, G., Moyer, E.S., 1989. A Review of the Wheeler Equations and Comparison of Its Applications to Organic Vapor Respirator Cartridges Breakthrough Data. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 50, 400; Yoon, Y.H., Nelson, J.J., 1984. Application of Gas Adsorption Kineties I. A Theoretical for Respirator Cartridge Service Life. Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J. 45, 509] in combination with the power law kinetic model or Langmuir–Hishelwood is used to predict the breakthrough curves. The destruction of MEK can be effectively promoted as the bed height of activated carbon and the concentration of ozone increase. When the ozone concentration is increased to 7800 ppmv and the amount of activated carbon is increased to 5 g the destructive efficiency of MEK is still greater than 95% even after a prolonged operational time. From the results of this study, an adsorption process in combination with ozone oxidation shows potential for the control of VOCs and odor. 相似文献
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