物联网技术研究及应用

目前,物联网因其巨大的应用前景而受到各国政府、学术界和工业界的广泛关注,成为国内外信息通信领域的新研究热点。首先在总结国内外研究进展基础上,分析了包括感知层、网络层、应用层三层结构的物联网体系结构,并从软件和硬件两个方面讨论了实现物联网的关键技术;然后综述了物联网技术的相关应用,并指出物联网发展存在的问题及未来发展趋势;最后从国家、企业和学术层面对我国物联网建设提出了若干建议,为我国物联网建设和发展提供参考。     

物联网技术发展的研究与综述

发展物联网产业已经成为我国培育战略性新兴产业、加快经济发展方式转变、推动产业结构升级的重要战略选择,我国政府部门高度重视物联网的应用推广,着力推动物联网相关产业的发展;文介绍了物联网的国内外发展现状,总结了物联网的架构及关键技术,简述了物联网的有关应用,最后对我国发展物联网产业进行了展望;以求通过这四方面的介绍,从技术、应用等层面使我们对物联网有全面、深刻、准确的理解和认识。     

煤矿物联网研究现状及发展趋势

阐述了国内外煤矿物联网的一些概念及发展历史,分别从系统架构、感知层、传输层、应用层及工程应用方面总结了国内外煤矿物联网研究现状;指出目前煤矿物联网研究存在的主要问题为缺乏低功耗智能传感器及装置、矿井环境能量捕获技术、数据与网络安全方法、公共服务平台以及煤矿物联网相关标准;从嵌入式智能信息传感技术、基于大数据的矿山安全生产云服务平台、安全性方面探讨了煤矿物联网可能的发展方向。     

海洋物联网中的卫星通信

介绍了国内外海洋物联网的最新发展,对比了陆地物联网与海洋物联网的异同之处;指出卫星通信在海洋物联网中的重要地位,分析了卫星通信在海洋物联网中的实际应用情况以及存在的问题;最后总结出了海洋物联网对卫星通信的需求,并给出了技术研究方向。     

物联网技术的研究综述

物联网打破了将物理基础设施和IT基础设施分开的传统思维,是信息领域一次重大的发展和变革机遇。物联网涉及众多领域,当前国内外的研究和开发都还处于起步阶段。对物联网研究的现实基础以及关键问题展开了讨论,介绍了物联网的四种具有代表性的定义和三种关键性的基本特征;分析了基于RFID的物联网应用架构、基于泛在传感网的物联网应用架构和基于M2M的物联网应用架构;给出了大致被公认为的四个层次的物联网关键技术框架;最后描述了物联网的典型应用领域。     

物联网技术在林业中的应用研究综述

物联网技术随着计算机及通信技术的发展应运而生,成为继计算机、互联网之后信息产业的又一次革命。对林业来说,物联网关键技术的应用就是将信息技术和通信技术的高效融合,对林业信息进行采集、处理,从而推动林业信息化的进一步发展。通过对国内外物联网技术在林业及相关产业中的应用研究现状进行分析,探索物联网技术在林业中的发展方向和趋势。     

物联网技术特点与应用

本文对物联网信息进行了综合分析,介绍了物联网的起源、基本概念、国内外的研究现状和应用现状,讨论了物联网体系结构、感知及终端技术、物联网安全、智能化等关键技术,结合中国物联网的发展及产业现状,提出物联网的应用技术建议。     

物联网技术的特点与应用

对物联网的技术信息进行了综合分析,介绍了物联网的起源、基本概念、国内外的研究现状和应用现状,讨论了物联网的体系结构、感知及终端技术、物联网的安全、智能化等关键技术,最后结合中国物联网的发展及产业现状,提出了物联网的应用与技术建议。     

物联网技术现状及应用前景展望

在回顾了物联网概念、内涵及发展历程的基础上,分析了国内外物联网发展现状,深入研究物联网应用的关键技术和应用瓶颈,总结了物联网发展所面临的机遇和挑战,最后展望了物联网的发展前景。     

计算机物联网技术应用探究

以计算机为载体的物联网技术已成为社会发展的指向,已涉及到各个领域,现在的物联网已具备了制度、技术条件,物联网技术研究也成为了我国科技研究领域中的重要内容,并在国防、流物、医疗等领域得到应用。本文通过阐述计算机物联网技术概念以及物联网技术,研究了计算机物联网技术发展应用情况和物联网背景下SINK网络数据管理技术的实际应用。     

物联网关键技术与应用

物联网因其巨大的应用前景而受到各国政府、学术界和工业界的广泛重视.介绍了物联网的概念、基本属性和特征,描述了物联网的体系构成、发展阶段及趋势.以传感器网络为例详细论述了物联网的关键技术,最后以环境监测为例,说明了物联网的典型应用.     

Using virtual environments for the assessment of cybersecurity issues in IoT scenarios

Internet of Things (IoT) has been forecast as the next main evolution in the field of Information and Communication Technology. Recent studies confirm a steep and constant increase of the diffusion of smart objects, which are capable to interact with the real world and to communicate and gather information autonomously through Internet connections. In the rush of devising and releasing to the market the next killer application for the IoT domain, critical issues regarding the cybersecurity risks are currently overlooked. Because security, like most software qualities, is not an orthogonal requirement, i.e. one that can be satisfied by adding some features at any development stage, this is going to have a very costly impact, potentially leading to failure, on the technologies currently developed for the IoT domain. In order to cope adequately with such issues, IoT applications need to be designed to be secure since their inception and suitable security assessment tools should be made available. This paper describes an approach based on the exploitation of virtual environments and agent-based simulation for the evaluation of cybersecurity solutions for the next generation of IoT applications in realistic scenarios. The effectiveness of the approach is shown by considering a concrete case study involving the cooperation of real and virtual smart devices inside a virtualized scenario where security issues are first evaluated and then handled.     

物联网应用现状及发展机遇

近来,物联网已成为生活中炙手可热的名词,物联网技术的应用已成为推动信息化发展和产业变革的重要力量。物联网技术涉及众多领域,文章介绍了物联网的概念和基本特征,分析了物联网应用的现状,探讨了物联网发展的关键技术,并指出了未来物联网未来的发展机遇,为物联网的发展和建设提供参考。     

Internet of Things: Objectives and Scientific Challenges

The Internet of Things (IoT) is aimed at enabling the interconnection and integration of the physical world and the cyber space. It represents the trend of future networking, and leads the third wave of the IT industry revolution. In this article, we first introduce some background and related technologies of IoT and discuss the concepts and objectives of IoT. Then, we present the challenges and key scientific problems involved in IoT development. Moreover, we introduce the current research project supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program). Finally, we outline future research directions.     

Data Security Storage Model of the Internet of Things Based on Blockchain

With the development of information technology, the Internet of Things (IoT) has gradually become the third wave of the worldwide information industry revolution after the computer and the Internet. The application of the IoT has brought great convenience to people’s production and life. However, the potential information security problems in various IoT applications are gradually exposed and people pay more attention to them. The traditional centralized data storage and management model of the IoT is easy to cause transmission delay, single point of failure, privacy disclosure and other problems, and eventually leads to unpredictable behavior of the system. Blockchain technology can effectively improve the operation and data security status of the IoT. Referring to the storage model of the Fabric blockchain project, this paper designs a data security storage model suitable for the IoT system. The simulation results show that the model is not only effective and extensible, but also can better protect the data security of the Internet of Things.     

基于区块链的物联网认证机制综述

随着物联网(Internet of Things, IoT)技术的高速发展,各类智能设备数量激增,身份认证成为保障IoT安全的首要需求.区块链作为一种分布式账本技术,提供了去信任的协作环境和安全的数据管理平台,使用区块链技术驱动IoT认证成为学术界和工业界关注的热点.基于云计算和云边协同两种架构分析IoT身份认证机制设计的主要需求,总结区块链技术应用于IoT场景面临的挑战;梳理现有IoT身份认证机制的工作,并将其归结为基于密钥的认证、基于证书的认证和基于身份的认证;分析应用区块链技术的IoT认证工作,并根据认证对象和附加属性对相关文献进行归纳和总结.从形式化和非形式化两个方向总结基于区块链的IoT认证机制的安全性分析方法.最后展望了未来研究方向.     

A novel methodology for the development of an optimal agricultural crop field using Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) plays a vital role in the entity sharing and minimizing the workload of the human beings in various aspects. Nowadays the term IoT is used in various fields such as health care, automobiles, industry, agriculture, and so on. Agriculture is the main source of food to whole world. There are various problems faced by the farmers in agriculture due to shortage and wastage of water and fertilizers. In this regard, an optimal IoT model has been developed and proposed to attain an effective crop field. The proposed IoT model will monitor, record temperature, and soil moisture values, which will be continuously analyzed to achieve optimal plant growth and yield. The motor will be connected to the IoT model which automatically switch on/off based on optimal threshold temperature and soil moisture content value. A novel irrigation algorithm named differential waterflow algorithm has been proposed and deployed in the proposed IoT model for the automatic usage of the motor in the field. The proposed IoT model provides a web interface to the user through the cloud storage, so that the farmer can control and monitor the system in remote. The proposed system will reduce the water consumption and will ensure the uniform water distribution to the crops through the Poisson distribution which results in increasing yield.     

基于工业物联网的汽车工业敏捷规划轻量级仿真模型

针对改进汽车工业的规划和流程分析方法进行了研究。为解决传统工业工程分析方法和仿真工具在规划任务中实施周期长,投入代价大,不能快速有效地支撑规划项目的问题,提出了一种基于DEVS（discrete event system specification）理论的EVA（efficiency validate analysis）仿真框架模型,并结合工业物联网技术,组合建立了一种敏捷的生产线规划分析方法。通过在发动机平衡轴生产线升级规划任务中实践检验,与传统的规划工作方法进行了比较,实践结果证明了新方法能显著提高建模和仿真工作的效率,并更有效地支持汽车工业中的规划工作。同时为实现实体物理世界和虚拟信息世界的快速有效互动,推动物联网技术和数字化技术与工业生产更深度地结合,带来了有价值的启发。     

论Internet与Internet of Things

从Internet发展历史及应用环境变化的角度讨论IoT(Internet of Things)提出背景、内涵、组成结构和体系结构等关键问题。在分析对IoT的典型定义的基础上,笔者认为“ITU把IoT作为Internet平台在应用领域实现人、机、和智能化物理对象(SPO)信息全方位互通和实践普适计算理念的下一代Internet及其应用系统的概括”是对IoT更为合理的广义定义。以该定义为基础,全面地分析了“由多个用户域网(CPN)通过骨干通信子网互联”的基本组成结构,讨论了两类SPO CPN的基本组成结构及其支撑技术;指出SPO的引入主要影响CPN资源网络中的接入部分,属于应用系统的范畴,对Internet基本技术影响甚微。笔者不赞同以欧盟为代表的把IoT定义为联物专用网的狭义定义,指出其IoT模型和体系结构研究混淆了网络平台与应用系统,实质上是网络应用系统模型和体系结构。     

UML4IoT—A UML-based approach to exploit IoT in cyber-physical manufacturing systems

Internet of Things (IoT) is changing the world. The manufacturing industry has already identified that the IoT brings great opportunities to retain its leading position in economy and society. However, the adoption of the IoT changes the development process of the manufacturing system and raises many challenges. In this paper, the modern manufacturing system is considered as a composition of cyber-physical, cyber and human components, and IoT is used as a glue for their integration as far as their cyber interfaces are concerned. An approach based on a UML profile for the IoT is presented to fully automate the generation process of the IoT-compliant layer that is required for the cyber-physical component to be effectively integrated into the modern IoT manufacturing environment. The approach can also be applied at the source code level specification of the component in case that a UML design specification is not available. A prototype implementation of the myLiqueur production laboratory system is used to demonstrate the applicability and effectiveness of the UML4IoT approach.