利用硅烷螯合树脂处理重金属废水

介绍了硅烷类螯合树脂处理重金属废水的优点,列举了利用硅烷类螯合树脂处理综合电镀废水的重金属离子的实验结果,结合氢氧化物沉淀法和氧化除氧氰法工艺,可以实现电镀废水零排污。     

一种巯基胺型羧酸螯合树脂的制备及其吸附性能

以环硫氯丙烷和多乙烯多胺为原料,通过交联反应合成了巯基胺型树脂(PA树脂)。然后对PA树脂进行氯乙酸化反应,合成了巯基胺型羧酸螯合树脂(PAC树脂),并通过傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)对其结构进行了表征。研究了PAC树脂对模拟含Cu2+电镀废水的吸附性能,探讨了树脂用量、吸附时间和pH对Cu2+吸附性能的影响。实验结果表明,在常温常压下,取25 mL浓度为10 mmol/L的废水溶液,PAC树脂吸附Cu2+的最佳用量为0.40 g/mmol Cu2+,最佳吸附时间为150 min,最佳pH为6~10,最大吸附量和最大吸附率分别达到2.53mmol/g和94.7%。PAC树脂对Cu2+的吸附过程符合Langmiur和Freundlich等温吸附方程。     

一种环保巯基胺型螯合树脂的制备和吸附性能研究

通过皮弃聚苯乙烯塑料为原料反应生成氯甲基聚笨乙烯,再与二欺甲基二硫代氨基甲酸反应生成一种环保型的疏基胺型鳌合树脂,并通过红外光谱表征了树脂结构,考察了树脂吸附金属离子的适宜pH,金属离子去除率随时间变化的情况,吸附勿.里研究表明,该树旨对重金属离子的吸附符合Langmuir等温线.动力学试验表明,树脂吸附速率较快,30min内可达到平衡,并且能较好的吸附Cr3+、Pb2+、Ni2+、Cu2+,在45℃,其吸附量分别达到了12.1.6.13.1.8 mmol·g-1.     

聚醚型螯合树脂的合成及其等温吸附性能

通过接枝反应制备了一系列以聚环氧氯丙烷为主链,侧链末端吉吡咯配位基的HPnCP(n=6,4,2)螯合树脂,各步产物的化学结构经IR和1H NMR检测得以确认.静态吸附实验及等温吸附实验结果表明:该类树脂对Cu(Ⅱ)和Hg(Ⅱ)有着较好的吸附性能(大于1.0mmol/g);对Co(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)达到饱和吸附时的平衡浓度约为0.06～0.07mol/l;HP4CP对Co(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)以及HP2CP对Co(Ⅱ)的等温吸附既可用Langmuir方程描述也可用Freundlich方程描述;但HP2CP对Cd(Ⅱ)的等温吸附不符合Langmuir方程,只可用Freundlich方程描述.     

聚醚型螯合树脂的合成及其等温吸附性能

通过接枝反应制备了一系列以聚环氧氯丙烷为主链,侧链末端含吡咯配位基的HPnCP(n=6,4,2)螯合树脂,各步产物的化学结构经IR和1H NMR检测得以确认。静态吸附实验及等温吸附实验结果表明:该类树脂对Cu(Ⅱ)和Hg(Ⅱ)有着较好的吸附性能(大于1.0mmol/g);对Co(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)达到饱和吸附时的平衡浓度约为0.06～0.07mol/l;HP_4CP对Co(Ⅱ)和Cd(Ⅱ)以及HP_2CP对Co(Ⅱ)的等温吸附既可用Langmuir方程描述也可用Freundlich方程描述;但HP_2CP对Cd(Ⅱ)的等温吸附不符合Langmuir方程,只可用Freundlich方程描述。     

螯合树脂分离富集水中的重金属

本文采用螯合树脂选择性吸附法进行了富集分离水中的铅、镉的实验研究，取得了较好的效果，证明螯合树脂分离法是一种简单、快速检测水中重金属，特别是痕量重金属的好方法。     

新型咪唑类螯合树脂的制备及吸附性能

以氯甲基化聚苯乙烯树脂为大分子引发剂,采用原子转移自由基聚合新技术(ATRP)合成了咪唑类螯合树脂,并对树脂进行了吸附性能研究,取得了较好的效果。研究表明:该树脂对Au(Ⅲ),Cu(Ⅱ),Ag(Ⅰ)等重金属离子具有较好的吸附性能,在T=293 K,HAc-NaAc体系中,在各自最佳pH值下,该螯合树脂对Au(Ⅲ),Cu(Ⅱ),Ag(Ⅰ)的静态饱和吸附量分别为0.71,0.32,0.30 mmol/g。吸附模型可以用Langmuir等温吸附来描述,树脂具有良好的再生能力。     

豆渣纤维素黄原酸酯(IPX)制备及吸附重金属离子性能和应用研究

报道了新型重金属离子去除剂－IPX的制备,吸附性能和条件,该去除剂以豆渣为主要原料,经碱化,黄化,交联,转型得到含硫量为7．86％的产品,将IPX用于印制线路板漂洗水处理获得满意效果。     

含氮聚醚型螯合树脂的合成及吸附性能

通过接枝反应制备了一系列以聚环氧氟丙烷为主链,侧链末端含吡咯配位基的HPnCP（n=6．4,2）螯合树脂。各步产物的化学结构经IR和^1H NMR检测得以确认。静态吸附实验及等温吸附实验结果表明：该类树脂对Cu（Ⅱ）和Hg（Ⅱ）有着较好的吸附性能（大于1．0mmol／g）;对Co（Ⅱ）和Cd（Ⅱ）达到饱和吸附时的平衡浓度约为（0．06～0．07）mol／L;HP4CP对Co（Ⅱ）和Cd（Ⅱ）以及HP2CP对Co（Ⅱ）的等温吸附既可用Langmuir方程描述也可用Freundlich方程描述;但HP2CP时Cd（Ⅱ）的等温吸附不符合Langmuir方程,只可用Freundlich方程描述。     

Mannich反应制备氨基树脂及由其制备的螯合树脂的吸附性能

以乙酰化聚苯乙烯微球为原料经Mannich反应制备了氮含量达13 7mmol/g的氨基树脂,再由该氨基树脂制备了氨基羧酸型和氨基膦酸型螯合树脂,测试了两种螯合树脂对Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+的吸附性能。体系中乙酰基会发生多取代反应。将螯合Cu2+、Zn2+、Ni2+离子的树脂吸附牛血清白蛋白第五组分(BSA-V),结果表明氨基羧酸型树脂对BSA-V的吸附性能优于氨基膦酸型树脂。     

Grafting of polypropylene and its potential use as metal ion adsorption resin

Polypropylene (PP) was modified by radical grafting of acrylic acid (AA) in the melt by using dicumyl peroxide (DCP) as initiator. To reach a high grafting degree (GD) without substantially modifying PP‐chain structure, a few runs were carried out by employing butyl 3‐(2‐furanyl)propenoate (BFA), which is a coagent able to preserve the molecular weight (MW) of PP macromolecules in the presence of radical grafting reagents. All the samples were extracted with selective solvents to remove unreacted chemicals and free poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), and the GD was accurately determined by using the FTIR methodology. The GD ranged from 1.51 to 4.67 mol %. High‐temperature size permeation chromatography analysis was used to evaluate MW behavior, confirming the control exerted by the presence of BFA on the degradation reactions. DSC, TGA, and SEM analyses were performed to analyze the chemical modification effects on the polymer products' thermal and morphological properties. Finally, selected samples, with a particle size distribution in the range 100–850 μm, were tested as metal ion adsorption resins. Al(III), Cr(III), Zn(II), Cd(II), Pb(II), and Hg(II) were studied, and the highest adsorption efficiency values (in percentage) were obtained for Al(III) (15–20%) and Hg(II) (25–30%). © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2009     

Preparation and metal ion adsorption properties of the resin containing sulfonic acid groups

In this study, we explored a new ion exchange material synthesized by radical polymerization of styrene and 2‐acrylamido‐2‐methyl‐1‐propane sulfonic acid by using 2,2′‐azo‐isobutyronitrile (1 mol %) and divinylbenzene (0.5 mol %) as initiator and crosslinking reagents, respectively. The resin was obtained from a large excess (90%) of styrene in the feed. The yield was 72.3%. The resin was completely insoluble in water and characterized by elemental analysis, FTIR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis. The metal ion retention capability was investigated for Ag(I), Hg(II), Cd(II), Zn(II), Pb(II), and Cr(III). The effect of pH, time, and resin/metal ion mol ratio on the metal ion retention was studied. Selectivity of the resins from a mixture of metal ions and the maximum retention capacity at optimum pH were also determined. The recovery of the resin by using 1 and 4 M HClO₄ and HNO₃ demonstrated that it is possible to recover the resin above 80%. © 2003 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 88: 1230–1235, 2003     

阴离子型离子交换树脂D301-g-PDMC的制备及其对AuCl_4~-的吸附性能初探

通过溶液中的过硫酸铵与D301树脂表面的叔胺基形成氧化-还原引发体系,将水溶性阳离子烯类功能单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)接枝到D301树脂表面,制得了新型阴离子型离子交换树脂D301-g-PDMC。考察了主要接枝条件(时间、温度、引发剂及单体用量)对接枝度的影响,并研究了D301-g-PDMC对AuCl_4~-的吸附性能。结果表明,反应时间为10 h,反应温度为35℃,过硫酸铵用量为1.6%,DMC用量为17 m L时,PDMC的接枝度最高,可达26.67%。D301-g-PDMC对AuCl_4~-有很强的吸附能力,吸附容量可以达到748.03 mg/g。此外,D301-g-PDMC对AuCl_4~-的吸附效率可达97.83%。     

海藻酸钠凝胶海绵体的制备及在重金属吸附中的应用

为解决重金属污染问题，本研究以海藻酸钠与钙离子交联形成凝胶，采用真空冷冻干燥技术将凝胶制备成超轻海绵体，此海绵体对重金属有吸附作用.实验结果表明：天然多糖海藻酸钠溶解过程，微观结构首先由丝状结构逐渐向片层结构伸展，而海藻酸钠凝胶海绵体则形成了致密的多孔结构，微观结构发生变化.其中海藻酸钠与氯化钙交联比是1：1时，所得的凝胶海绵体的比表面积达到2.1543 m2/g.在pH=3时，海藻酸钠凝胶海绵体对Cu2 和Pb2 的饱和吸附量分别达到29.2和90.22 mg/g.当海藻酸钠凝胶海绵体添加量为50 mg时，对Cu2 和Pb2 的最大吸附达到87.7和240.8 mg/g.吸附温度是40 ℃时,对Cu2 和Pb2 的吸附量达到最大,吸附量为29.4和89.6 mg/g.吸附速率实验表明，在50 min时,对Cu2 和Pb2 达到平衡吸附，吸附量为30.2 mg/g和89.7 mg/g.     

阴离子型离子交换树脂D301-g-PDMC的制备及其对AuCl_4~-的吸附性能初探

通过溶液中的过硫酸铵与D301树脂表面的叔胺基形成氧化-还原引发体系,将水溶性阳离子烯类功能单体甲基丙烯酰氧乙基三甲基氯化铵(DMC)接枝到D301树脂表面,制得了新型阴离子型离子交换树脂D301-g-PDMC。考察了主要接枝条件(时间、温度、引发剂及单体用量)对接枝度的影响,并研究了D301-g-PDMC对AuCl_4^-的吸附性能。结果表明,反应时间为10 h,反应温度为35℃,过硫酸铵用量为1.6%,DMC用量为17 m L时,PDMC的接枝度最高,可达26.67%。D301-g-PDMC对AuCl_4-的吸附性能。结果表明,反应时间为10 h,反应温度为35℃,过硫酸铵用量为1.6%,DMC用量为17 m L时,PDMC的接枝度最高,可达26.67%。D301-g-PDMC对AuCl_4^-有很强的吸附能力,吸附容量可以达到748.03 mg/g。此外,D301-g-PDMC对AuCl_4-有很强的吸附能力,吸附容量可以达到748.03 mg/g。此外,D301-g-PDMC对AuCl_4^-的吸附效率可达97.83%。     

活性炭/三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的制备及对诺氟沙星的吸附性能

以活性炭、三聚氰胺、甲醛为原材料,制备活性炭/三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(AC/MF)复合材料,研究AC/MF对诺氟沙星(NOR)的吸附性能。结果表明,50 mL浓度10 mg/L的NOR溶液,AC/MF投加量为0.02 g,溶液pH值为7.01,在温度为303 K下吸附180 min,对NOR去除率为98.87%。热力学研究表明,AC/MF对NOR溶液的吸附过程符合Freundlich模型,且最大吸附量为48.75 mg/g,吸附过程是自发进行的吸热过程;动力学研究表明,吸附过程更符合假二级动力学模型,且由液膜扩散和颗粒内扩散共同控制,且液膜扩散是吸附过程的主要速率控制步骤。AC/MF吸附NOR的主要机理是疏水作用、π-π作用和静电作用。经过6次吸附-脱附循环后,AC/MF对NOR仍具有很好的吸附性能,可再生循环使用。     

活性炭/三聚氰胺甲醛树脂的制备及对诺氟沙星的吸附性能

以活性炭、三聚氰胺、甲醛为原材料,制备活性炭/三聚氰胺甲醛树脂(AC/MF)复合材料,研究AC/MF对诺氟沙星(NOR)的吸附性能。结果表明,50 mL浓度10 mg/L的NOR溶液,AC/MF投加量为0.02 g,溶液pH值为7.01,在温度为303 K下吸附180 min,对NOR去除率为98.87%。热力学研究表明,AC/MF对NOR溶液的吸附过程符合Freundlich模型,且最大吸附量为48.75 mg/g,吸附过程是自发进行的吸热过程;动力学研究表明,吸附过程更符合假二级动力学模型,且由液膜扩散和颗粒内扩散共同控制,且液膜扩散是吸附过程的主要速率控制步骤。AC/MF吸附NOR的主要机理是疏水作用、π-π作用和静电作用。经过6次吸附-脱附循环后,AC/MF对NOR仍具有很好的吸附性能,可再生循环使用。     

Carbon nanotube filter for heavy metal ion adsorption

This study investigated carbon nanotube filtration technology using catalyst particles supported on silicalite-1–biomorphic carbon materials (BCMs). Aqueous solutions of Mn(II), Cu(II), Cr(III), Cd(II), and Pb(II) were used to test the efficiency of heavy metal ions removal. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) were synthesized and grown on BCMs by the chemical vapor deposition method catalyzed with the catalyst (Co, Fe, and Ni). The synthesized CNTs with Co– and Fe– nanoparticles were typically multi-walled carbon nanotubes, and they showed good crystallinity (I_D/I_G = 1.05) and yield of (11.10 and 8.86) %. The removal efficiency of Mn(II), Cu(II), Cr(III), Cd(II), and Pb(II) ions using Co-catalyzed CNT filter was 97.57%, 98.01%, 97.89%, 97.42%, and 99.99%, respectively.     

HDPE chelate membranes prepared by preirradiation grafting for adsorption of heavy metal ions

A new chelate membrane was prepared by grafting of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) onto high‐density polyethylene membranes and subsequent amination of poly‐GMA graft chains. The effects of grafting conditions such as radiation dose and temperature on grafting yield were studied. Effects of various parameters such as grafting yield, pH, and adsorption time on the metal uptake were investigated. The results show that the maximum metal uptake followed as given in the order Cr (III)>Fe (III)>Cu (II)>Cd (II). The metal uptake increased with grafting yield, adsorption time, pH of the medium, and initial concentration. The chelated metal ions are easily desorbed with 0.1 mol/L hydrochloric acid at room temperature. The results obtained from the chelate membrane showed a promising application in extraction of heavy metal ions from industrial effluents. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008     

Heterogeneous synthesis of chelating resin organophosphonic acid‐functionalized silica gel and its adsorption property of heavy metal ions from fuel ethanol solutions

In this study, chelating resin silica gel chemically modified by poly(triethylenetetramine bis(methylenephosphonic acid)) (denoted as SG‐Cl‐T‐P) was successfully developed by heterogeneous synthesis method and used for adsorptive removal of heavy metal ions from fuel ethanol solutions, and the relevant modified organic group was calculated by DFT method at the B3LYP/6‐31 + G(d) level. SG‐Cl‐T‐P was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive X‐ray analysis system, porous analysis, etc. SG‐Cl‐T‐P has been used to investigate the adsorption of Hg(II),Cu(II), Mn(II), Co(II), Zn(II), Ni(II), Fe(III), and Cd(II) metal ions from ethanol solutions. The research results revealed that it has the better adsorption capacity for Hg(II) and Cd(II). © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012