螺旋折流板管壳式换热器壳程传热性能及压降的研究

本文对螺旋折流板换热器和传统的弓形折流板换热器进行了壳程传热性能和壳程的阻力的对比,同时通过实验方法对25°、40°螺旋角的螺旋折流板和弓形折流板换热器进行了壳程传热性能和壳程阻力的研究,得出螺旋折流板换热器的螺旋流动强化了传热,螺旋折流板换热器的壳程阻力比弓形折流板换热器的壳程阻力小。     

折流板位置对换热器性能的影响

采用FLUENT数值模拟方法,研究了简化模型下弓形折流板和螺旋折流板换热器,对应于不同间距/螺距时,流动参量的变化对换热器整体流动与传热性能的影响,进而研究非等距换热器.结果表明,两种结构对应的壳程压力损失和换热系数均随壳程流量的增加而增大,而螺旋折流板结构单位压降下换热系数大于弓形折流板,并且其性能受折流板螺距变化的影响较小,体现了螺旋折流板结构的优越性.为进一步研究非等距型换热器提供了依据.     

于海鲜酱杀菌的折流板波纹管换热器传热与流动性研究

为了开发用于液体食品杀菌的新型换热器,通过实验研究了螺旋折流板波纹管换热器用于海鲜酱杀菌过程中的传热与流动性能。研究结果表明:在水-海鲜酱的热交换中,螺旋折流板波纹管换热器总传热系数比波纹管换热器提高了10%～50%,比光管换热器提高了30%～130%;管侧海鲜酱综合性能系数α/Δp值波纹管大于光管,壳侧水的综合性能系数α/Δp值螺旋折流板波纹管结构换热器比波纹管结构的和光管结构的都大,证明了螺旋折流板波纹管换热器用于液体食品杀菌具有良好的应用前景。     

用于海鲜酱杀菌的折流板波纹管换热器传热与流动性研究

为了开发用于液体食品杀菌的新型换热器,通过实验研究了螺旋折流板波纹管换热器用于海鲜酱杀菌过程中的传热与流动性能。研究结果表明:在水-海鲜酱的热交换中,螺旋折流板波纹管换热器总传热系数比波纹管换热器提高了10%～50%,比光管换热器提高了30%～130%;管侧海鲜酱综合性能系数α/Δp值波纹管大于光管,壳侧水的综合性能系数α/Δp值螺旋折流板波纹管结构换热器比波纹管结构的和光管结构的都大,证明了螺旋折流板波纹管换热器用于液体食品杀菌具有良好的应用前景。     

不同螺旋角度螺旋折流板换热器传热性能与压降的研究

本文对螺旋折流板换热器和传统的弓形折流板换热器进行了壳程传热性能和压降特性的对比，同时通过实验方法对8°、12°、18°、25°、30°、40°螺旋角无搭接的螺旋折流板换热器进行了壳程传热性能和压降特性的研究，得出螺旋折流板换热器的螺旋流动强化了传热，螺旋折流板换热器的压降比弓形折流板换热器的压降小。     

水-油连续螺旋折流板换热器热力性能研究

利用计算流体力学(Computational Fluid Dynamic, CFD)方法,针对连续螺旋折流板换热器建立物理模型和数学模型,在管侧介质为水和壳侧介质为原油条件下,研究不同原油流量及螺旋角对螺旋折流板换热器内部流场、换热性能及阻力性能的影响,并拟合了水油换热时螺旋折流板换热器的Nu、f与Re的关联式。结果表明：22°螺旋角的螺旋折流板换热器与其它较小螺旋角换热器对比,壳侧压降和换热系数逐渐减小,综合换热性能最佳。通过对壳侧原油为层流状态下的阻力系数和对流换热系数关系式进行拟合,更好地指导水-油连续螺旋折流板换热器的热力设计。     

三分螺旋折流板换热器壳侧传热特性试验

对倾斜角为20°、24°、28°、32°单头和32°双头周向重叠三分螺旋折流板换热器和作为对照的弓形折流板换热器的水-水传热和压降性能进行了测试;得到了总体传热系数K、壳侧换热系数ho、壳侧压降Δpo等参数和ho/Δpo综合性能指标随壳侧流量的变化曲线。试验结果表明倾斜角20°方案的性能指标均好于其他方案,且其壳侧换热系数和单位压降的壳侧换热系数综合性能指标比弓形折流板换热器方案平均分别高出25%和100%以上。     

双壳程管壳式换热器的传热和阻力特性

针对弓形折流板管壳式换热器流动死区大,压降高的不足,提出外螺旋折流板内斜百叶折流板的双壳程管壳式换热器结构,外螺旋角为15°～40°,内斜百叶折流板倾角为45°。通过三维数值模拟,研究其传热和阻力特性,获得其局部流场,并与传统弓形折流板换热器进行了对比,同时分析了外壳程螺旋折流板不同倾角对其性能的影响。结果表明:双壳程管壳式换热器的壳侧流场分布均匀,流动死区减小,综合性能高于相同壳径和管束布置的弓形折流板管壳式换热器,外螺旋角为30°时,单位压降下的传热系数平均提高了24. 4%。当外螺旋角为20°时,该换热器具有最好的综合性能。     

螺旋折流板换热器的制造技术研究

螺旋折流板换热器是一种新型高效换热器,具有壳程流动阻力小,换热效率高,抑振和防垢性能好等优点,已经引起了越来越多研究者的关注.介绍了非连续螺旋折流板换热器和连续螺旋折流板换热器的制造技术,可以更好地促进螺旋折流板换热器的研究.     

螺旋折流板换热器的研究与进展

本文介绍了螺旋折流板换热器的几何形状和流动原理,对其传热及压力降的研究现状进行了总结,与弓形折流板换热器相比,螺旋折流板换热器的最大优点降低阻力,增加传热系数。未来的研究重点是流动换热机理以及影响流动换热机理的因素。     

余热回收用热管及热管式换热器的研究

简要介绍了热管及热管式换热器的工作原理,热管式换热器在工业余热回收中的应用,以及热管式换热器运行过程中防止积灰和低温腐蚀等问题的有效措施。     

On the steady‐state modelling of a two‐stage evaporator system

We develop and validate against experimental measurements a steady‐state two‐stage flooded refrigerant evaporator model for a heat pump drying system. A prototype two‐stage heat pump dryer test facility was designed, built and instrumented to provide the required measurements for the validation of the model. Repeatability and data quality tests were conducted to evaluate the accuracy of measurements. Experimental data could be reproduced to within ±6.5 per cent of replicated air and refrigerant side measurements for the same evaporator's air inlet conditions while the discrepancy of energy balance at the air‐side and refrigerant‐side was observed to be within ±8.9 per cent. The two‐stage evaporator model predicted the air‐side total heat and latent heat transfer of the two‐stage evaporator to within (?6.3 per cent, 7.6 per cent) and (?11.5 per cent, 9.5 per cent), respectively. On the refrigerant‐side, the model enabled the calculation of the degree of superheat to within (?10.6 per cent, 1.7 per cent). The model has shown that there is significant improvement in the heat recovered from a two‐stage evaporator system compared to a single evaporator system. In addition, the model demonstrated that the improvement in total heat recovery could be as high as 40 per cent over its base‐value when the latent to total load at the two‐stage evaporator is increased. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

显热储热材料的制备及性能研究

采用水泥作为材料的胶凝剂,添加热容、热导率大的物质作为骨料来制备混凝土储热材料。研究表明:当铝酸盐水泥含量为10%时,材料的抗压、抗折强度能满足工业需求;材料的比热容随温度的升高先增大,在500℃时达到最大,后随着温度的升高反而降低;材料的热导率随着石墨粉含量的增加几乎成直线上升,当石墨含量为5%时材料的热导率大于1.7W/(m·K)。     

间歇式热处理炉传热计算与分析

建立了台车式热处理炉炉膛传热数学模型和辐射换热器工作模型,分析了换热器的传热特性（空气预热温度、壁温、传热系数）随炉况的变化。结果表明,辐射换热器的传热特性随炉子的升温及保温过程变化而波动很大,因而对炉子的热工性能产生了影响。     

Quantification of the European industrial heat demand by branch and temperature level

We present the first comprehensive estimate of the final energy demand for heat in all EU28 member states for the reference year 2012, differentiated by temperature levels, comparing two different approaches. Two different calculation approaches based on different data sets yielded estimates of the total final energy demand for heat in the EU28 of 8150 PJ and 8518 PJ in 2012, respectively. Approach 1 distinguishes between three different process heat (PH) temperature levels and results in final energy demand for heat <100°C: 2077 PJ, 100–400°C: 2214 PJ and >400°C: 3859 PJ. The second approach distinguishes between low temperature space heat and hot water (<100°C: 1161 PJ) and four different PH temperature levels with a resulting energy demand of <100°C: 1027 PJ, 100–500°C: 1785 PJ, 500–1000°C: 1679 PJ and >1000°C: 2865 PJ. The high share of high‐temperature heat illustrates the limits to the potential decarbonisation of industrial thermal processes with renewable energy sources such as (non‐concentrating) solar thermal, geothermal or environmental heat. Therefore specific information on required temperature levels is of the essence. This, in turn, points out the relevance of renewable electricity and synthetic fuels based on renewable power for a significant reduction of CO₂ emissions from the industry sector in Europe. Considering current data quality, it is recommended to develop a consistent, comprehensive methodology to significantly improve the data basis on industrial heat demand. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Heat pump dryer Part 1: Simulation of the models

Heat pump dryer is a complex system because of the interaction of heat and mass transfer of the working fluids. Since the system cannot be completely close, ambient conditions (temperature and humidity) influence the performance of the system. To investigate the performance of the heat pump dryer thoroughly, simulation models of heat pump dryer components have been developed. The finite-difference method was employed in the simulation to examine the state of the working fluids and heat and mass transfer. The simulation of each component can be used to construct different system configurations the results of which are reported in Part 2.     

国内分离式热管概况与热环研究的小结及展望

本文对我国分离式热管技术的研究进行了简要概况,针对工程中热源在上,冷源在下及冷热源相距较远时的热量传递问题,在分析了一般分离式热管及“水回路”等技术的基础上,对一种新型分离式热管－泵或风机驱动的动力型分离式热管（简称热环）的研究进行了小结和展望。     

Field test of a novel combined system of a high-efficiency heating/cooling heat pump and a clathrate cool storage unit

The Research Laboratory of Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc. (KEPCO) installed a novel system in March 1992 which is a combination of a super heat pump with about twice the performance of a conventional one and a compact chemical storage-type clathrate cool storage unit. A field test was implemented by integrating these units into an actual air-conditioning system. As a result of the test, system performance was determined and the effectiveness of the system was confirmed. © 1998 Scripta Technica. Heat Trans Jpn Res, 26(6): 410–418, 1997     

Heat-spreading analysis of a heat sink base embedded with a heat pipe

A simplified model predicting the heat transfer performance of a heat sink base with a high thermal conductivity was developed. Numerical analysis was performed using the commercial software FLUENT. The investigation indicates that for heat sink bases with a high effective thermal conductivity, such as the base embedded with a typical heat pipe, the entire heat sink can be modeled as a flat plate with a uniform temperature and an effective convection heat transfer coefficient. This simplified model can be used to determine the heat transfer performance of a heat sink embedded with a typical heat pipe or vapor chamber.     

Augmentation of heat transfer through passive techniques

The thermal performance of energy preservation systems is greatly improved by increasing miniaturization and boosting. These are imaginative (or Promethean) techniques to enhance heat transfer. Enhancement methods of heat transfer draw great attention in front of the industrial sector because of their ability to provide energy savings and raise the economic efficiency of thermal systems. Three techniques these methods are categorized; those are active, passive, and compound. Different types of components are used in passive methods because of the transfer/working fluid flow path to the enhancement of the heat transfer rate. In this article, the subject of the review was the passive heat transfer enhancement methods including inserts (conical strips, winglets, twisted tapes, baffles), porous materials, coil/helical/spiral tubes, rough surfaces (corrugated/ribbed surfaces), extended surfaces (fins) and nanofluids (mono and hybrid nanofluid). Recent passive heat transfer enhancement techniques are studied in this article as they are cost-effective and reliable, and also comparably passive methods do not need any extra power to promote the energy conversion systems' thermal efficiency than active methods. In the passive approaches, various components are applied to the heat transfer/working fluid flow path to improve the heat transfer rate. The passive heat transfer enhancement methods studied in this article include inserts (twisted tapes, conical strips, baffles, winglets), extended surfaces (fins), porous materials, coil/helical/spiral tubes, rough surfaces (corrugated/ribbed surfaces), and nanofluids (mono and hybrid nanofluid). From the pioneers' research work, it is clear that a lower twist ratio and lower pitch, lesser winglet angles can provide more heat transfer rate and a little bit more friction factor. In the case of nanofluids, a little bit of pumping power is enhanced. Finally, heat transfer enhancement is compared with the thermal performance factor, which is more than unity.