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环氧乙烷异构化反应动力学的研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
采用Berty微反装置,在温度180~250℃、压力1.4~2.1 MPa的条件下,对氧化铝载体和银催化剂上的环氧乙烷异构化反应进行了反应动力学实验。实验结果表明,环氧乙烷在氧化铝载体和银催化剂上均发生异构化反应生成乙醛;在氧化铝载体上,异构化反应速率对环氧乙烷浓度的表观反应级数约为1,表观活化能为56.89 kJ/mol,指数前因子为9.646×10~4;在银催化剂上,异构化反应速率对环氧乙烷浓度的表观反应级数约为0.8,表观活化能为61.42 kJ/mol,指数前因子为2.267×10~4。 相似文献
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采用等体积浸渍法制备了Pt/HBeta催化剂,并在10 mL固定床反应装置上评价了反应温度和质量空速对Pt/HBeta催化正己烷临氢异构化反应的影响,在此基础上建立正己烷异构化反应动力学模型。结果表明:在 240~260 ℃内正己烷临氢异构化反应可以用拟一级动力学模型来描述,反应的活化能Ea=139.06 kJ/mol,指前因子A=7.3814×1013 h-1;建立了连串反应动力学模型,第一步反应活化能Ea=167.80 KJ·mol-1,A=7.2130×1016 h-1,第二步反应活化能Ea=118.34 KJ·mol-1,A=1.3053×1011 h-1;当反应温度大于260 ℃,拟一级动力学模型不再适合,修正后270 ℃时的反应级数为1.3,280 ℃时的反应级数为1.7。 相似文献
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采用管式连续流动固定床反应器,对仲丁醇在Cu/ZnO/Al_2O_3催化剂上的脱氢反应本征动力学进行了研究,通过双曲线动力学模型和幂函数动力学模型两种模型计算了该反应的各项参数以及反应的表观活化能,将实验数据用SPSS统计分析软件对动力学模型进行非线性最小二乘法参数拟合,确定了反应机理并求出了表观活化能。实验结果表明,采用双曲线动力学模型时,仲丁醇在催化剂表面的脱氢反应为速率控制步骤,表观活化能为64.75 kJ/mol;采用幂函数动力学模型时表观活化能为81.89 kJ/mol。用相关指数R~2和F分布对两个速率方程进行了检验,两个速率方程的R~2均接近于1,F>10F_α,且用双曲线动力学模型时结果的相关度较高。 相似文献
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热压模拟实验的动力学研究及意义 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:4
建立了有机质成烃恒温热压模拟实验的总包一级反应、连串一级反应和平行一级反应化学动力学模型 ,标定出烃源岩的化学动力学参数 :干酪根成气的表观活化能为 4 8.8~ 114.3kJ/mol,视频率因子为 1.91×10 2 ~ 4 .99× 10 2 s- 1(总包一级反应 ) ,油成气的表观活化能为 50 .9~ 12 0 .7kJ/mol(连串一级反应 ) ,这些动力学参数远低于以恒速升温实验为基础建立的模型所标定的动力学参数。对此的解释是 ,一级反应模型的视频率因子和表观活化能是随反应进行的程度而改变的 ;有机质成烃过程往往不是一级反应 ;目前以恒速升温实验为基础进行的有机质成烃一级反应模型存在某些理论缺陷 ,应用于生烃史的研究和生烃量的计算时需要慎重。 相似文献
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阳离子交换树脂催化油脂副产物制备生物柴油的动力学研究 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1
以棕榈油脱臭馏出物(PODD)和无水甲醇为原料,强酸性阳离子交换树脂为固体酸催化剂,在自制的固定床反应器中进行酯化反应,合成了脂肪酸甲酯(生物柴油)。考察了反应温度、催化反应时间、物料摩尔比对游离脂肪酸转化率的影响。实验结果表明,适宜的反应条件为:反应温度333.15K、催化反应时间56.28min、甲醇与PODD的摩尔比17.25,在此条件下游离脂肪酸转化率为81.66%。同时提出了固定床脂肪酸催化酯化反应的动力学模型,根据实验数据拟合得到动力学参数,酯化反应的活化能为47.761kJ/mol,指数前因子为59.641L/(kmol.min)。该模型能较好地描述固定床脂肪酸催化酯化的反应过程。 相似文献
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通过溶胶-凝胶法和浸渍法制备了二氧化硅负载的硫酸铁[Fe(2SO4)3/SiO2]催化剂,研究了[Fe(2SO4)3/SiO2]的焙烧温度、硫酸铁的负载量、催化剂用量及反应温度对油酸乙酯合成的影响。用积分法研究了等量反应物在常压下的反应动力学。结果表明,二氧化硅负载的硫酸铁催化剂在油酸和乙醇无溶剂条件下的酯化反应中具有良好的催化性能。酯化反应符合假设的朗格缪尔-欣谢尔伍德(L-H)机理,且服从准二级反应动力学方程,表观活化能为50.40kJ/mol,指前因子为1.22×10(7mol/L)-1·h-1。 相似文献
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在温度555~619℃、压力101.32~202.64 kPa、原料气空速2000~5000h~(-1)条件下,采用Pt-Sn催化剂,在积分固定床反应器中进行了异丁烷催化脱氧实验,建立了包括脱氢和裂解两个反应的异丁烷催化脱氢反应宏观动力学模型。根据实验数据,采用多元线性回归分析得到宏观动力学模型的参数,异丁烷脱氢反应的活化能约为166.78 kJ/mol,异丁烷裂解反应的活化能约为87.56 kJ/mol。统计检验结果表明,所建立的异丁烷催化脱氧反应宏观动力学模型准确可靠。 相似文献
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2,3,5-三甲基苯酚的合成 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
由5-异丙基偏三甲苯通过空气直接氧化,再进行催化分解合成了2,3,5-三甲基苯酚。实验得到5-异丙基偏三甲苯空气氧化生成过氧化氢5-异丙基偏三甲苯反应的表观活化能E为62.88kJ/mol,指前因子K02.33×109h-1。130℃空气氧化3h,5-异丙基偏三甲苯氧化转化率为30.57%。考察了反应温度、反应时间、催化剂用量对分解反应的影响,得出最佳分解反应条件:温度60℃,反应时间4h,催化剂用量0.15%,其分解转化率为98.1%。 相似文献
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氧化钙/氧化镁催化菜籽油与甲醇酯交换反应动力学的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在固体碱 CaO/MgO 催化下,以精制菜籽油与甲醇为原料进行酯交换反应制备了生物柴油,用气相色谱法跟踪分析生物柴油(脂肪酸甲酯)的含量,考察生物柴油中脂肪酸甲酯的生成动力学。结果表明,反应速率动力学方程分3个阶段:反应开始为引发阶段,酯交换反应速率对菜籽油浓度为0.5级,逐步转变为增长阶段的2级反应,最终反应达到平衡阶段。脂肪酸甲酯引发阶段反应活化能为76.77 kJ/mol,频率因子为9.80×10~7(mol/L)~(0.5)/min;增长阶段反应活化能为29.31 kJ/mol,频率因子为6.19×10~3L/(mol·min)。该研究为固体碱催化菜籽油与甲醇酯交换反应的动力学提供了理论基础。 相似文献
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Y.-F. Cong W. Huang K.-J. Liao X.-Q. Deng L. Kang 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2013,31(14):1648-1655
Abstract Modification and blending technique based on paraffin and microcrystalline wax were the main direction of integrated utilizing and tapping paraffin resource. According to the mechanism of hydrocarbons' oxidation reaction, a kind of organic compound of manganese was chosen to be catalyst, a certain proportional paraffin and microcrystalline wax was adopted as raw material, and under certain conditions catalyzed oxidation reaction took place, a sample which could be used as a substitute for natural carnauba wax was obtained. Then its melting point was enhanced by physical blending and met the requirements of the standard. Combined with oxidation reaction mechanism, the catalytic action was studied and discussed. What could be confirmed is that catalyst could promote reaction, accelerate the reaction speed, and improve the product's selectivity. 相似文献
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1 IntroductionCatalytic reforming of naphtha or mixture of naphthas with acertain amount of cracked oil is a process of great interest tothe petrochemical industry for the production of aromaticcompounds that are raw materials for plastics, elastomers andresins manufacture. Catalytic reforming unit uses naphtha orcracked oil as feedstock to produce aromatic-rich compoundsand high-octane liquid products through reactions such asaromatization, cyclization, and hydrocracking. At the sametime, it … 相似文献
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Ashish Dewangan 《Petroleum Science and Technology》2017,35(18):1831-1838
In the current paper, fundamental aspects of wax deposition problems in pipeline are defined, and characterization of paraffin and their solubility tendencies have been discussed. Wax deposition depends on flow rate, the temperature differential between crude and pipe surface, the cooling rate, and surface properties. The physico-chemical characterization of crude oil is determined. The experiments were carried out in “Cold Finger Apparatus.” Best pour point depressant for the selected crude oil has been found out as Lubrizol-6682 among different chemicals available that reduces the pour point from 36° to 12°. The deposition of paraffin wax, its dispersion, and inhibition were studied with available chemicals and by the optimization of suitable additives for particular well. Kinetics of crude oil in terms of time and differential temperature has also been studied and effective dispersion times are observed for particular oil. It is found that dispersion is effective within 30–60 min of starting. Kinetic study of oil with respect to differential temperature is done in two ways either by varying ambient/surface temperature or pumping/reservoir temperature. The tendencies of wax deposition on different sample with neat and treated crude are observed and ideal differential temperature for particular oil to flow is determined. 相似文献
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以58号全精炼石蜡为原料、空气为氧化剂、月桂基过氧化氢为引发剂,在相对温和条件下引发自由基链反应,对石蜡进行氧化改性,考察反应温度、反应时间、引发剂用量、空气流量等因素对氧化石蜡酸值、皂化值的影响。结果表明:在反应温度为130 ℃、反应时间为6 h、引发剂用量(w)为0.5%、空气流量为220 mL/min的条件下,得到的氧化石蜡的酸值为40.5 mgKOH/g,皂化值为65.3 mgKOH/g;NaOH质量分数为1.2%、氧化石蜡质量分数为0.8%的二元体系与原油的平衡界面张力为2.9×10-3 mN/m,砂岩表面原油洗脱率为61.0%,氧化石蜡产品具有较好的油水界面性能。 相似文献
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结合市场需求和国内工业化生产装置的实际能力,以提升石油蜡产品经济效益为目的,对其作为相变蜡原材料进行试验研究。结果表明,液体石蜡主体烷烃纯度(w)达到99%以上,低熔点石蜡熔程小于15 ℃,普通石蜡正构烷烃质量分数大于90%,相变焓达到应用要求,均可作为相变蜡原料。并完成了不同领域相变材料的应用考察。 相似文献
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Abstract The substitute for carnauba wax was synthesized by catalyzed oxidation reaction of paraffin under acidic catalyst which was present and then using physical blending. The effects of different factors on the reaction were discussed by orthogonal experimental methods and an optimum technological condition was obtained: mass fraction of catalyst was 0.01%, mass fraction of promoter was 1.0%, reaction time was 8 hr, reaction temperature was 170°C, and air flow rate was 3.0 L/min. At the same time, the product was compared with natural carnauba wax by analyzing their indexes of acid number, saponification number, and melting point, and index of refraction; they were very close to each other, so this product could be used as a substitute for natural carnauba wax in some fields. 相似文献